Transcript Grace Lee

馬友友YO-YO MA
AN EXTRAORDINARY MUSICIAN
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Ö BIOGRAPHY：
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YO-YO MA WAS BORN IN PARIS IN 1995.HIS MOTHER,A
FORMER OPERA SINGER,AND HIS FATHER,A COMPOSER
AND MUSIC TEACHER,SURROUNDED THEIR SON WITH
MUSIC.AT AGE 3,YO-YO BEGAN TO STUDY THE PIANO.HE
AMAZED HIS TEACHER WITH HOW QUICKLY HE LEARNED
DIFFICULT PIECES.
YO-YO’S FATHER WANTED HIM TO PLAY THE VIOLIN LIKE
HIS OLDER SISTER,BUT YO-YO HAD OTHER IDEAS.HE
WANTED TO PLAY A “BIG INSTRUMENT.”WHEN HIS
FATHER BROUGHT HOME A SMALL CELLO,IT WAS LOVE AT
FIRST SIGHT FOR YO-YO.
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WHEN YO-YO WAS 4,HIS FATHER
BEGAN TO TEACH HIM TO PLAY
THE “BIG INSTRUMENT.”HE
EXPECTED YO-YO TO LEARN
EACH LESSON PERFECTLY.HIS
FATHER REQUIRED HIM TO
MEMORIZE TWO BARS OF BACH
CELLO MUSIC EACH DAY.
HE HAD AMAZING
CONCENTRATUON FOR A CHILD.
UNLIKE OTHER CHILDREN,HE
DIDN’T STOP PLAYING WHEN
SOMEONE ENTERED THE ROOM
WHILE HE WAS PRACTICING.HE
FOCUSED COMPLETELY ON HIS
LESSON UNTIL HE WAS
FINISHED.THEN WHEN THE
LESSON WAS DONE,HE BECAME
A NORMAL,ACTIVE LITTLE BOY
AGAIN.
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THE MA FAMILY MOVED TO NEW
YORK IN THE EARLY
1960S.THERE YO-YO BEGAN TO
STUDY WITH A FAMOUS CELLIST
AND LEARNED A LOT OF
DIFFICULT CELLO MUSIC WITH
LIGHTNING SPEED.AT AGE 7,HE
BEGAN TO STUDY WITH A
PROFESSOR AT JULLIARD
SCHOOL OF MUSIC.
AFTER HIGH SCHOOL,YO-YO HAD
TROUBLE BECIDING WHETHER
HE SHOULD PURSUE MUSIC OR
STUDY OTHER SUBJECTS.SO YOYO CHOSE TO DO BOTH.EAGER
TO LEARN EVERYTHING HE
COULD,HE ENROLIED IN
HARVARD UNIVERSITY.AFTER HE
GRADUATED,HE TURNED HIS
ENERGY COMPLETELY TO MUSIC.
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SINCE THEN ,YO-YO HAS RECORDED 50 ALBUMS AND
WON 13 GRAMMYS.HE NOW SPENDS HALF THE YEAR ON
THE ROAD,PLAYING CONCERTS AROUND THE WORLD.
HE ESPECIALLY LIKES TO BRING MUSIC TO YOUNG
AUDIENCES.THAT’S WHY HE GIVES CHILDREN’S
WORKSHOPS AND PROGRAMS FOR MUSICIANS AND
NONMUSICIANS ALIKE.HIS GOAL IS TO MAKE MUSIC
AND CREATIVITY AN IMPORTANT PART OF CHILDREN’S
LIVES FROM AN EARLY AGE.IN 1999,HE WORKED WITH A
GROUP OF STUDENTS FROM THE MIDDLE
EAST,FORMING THEMIDDLE EASTERN YOUTH
ORCHESTRA.
ONLY 47 YEARS OLD,YO-YO HAS MASTERED ALL THE
MAJOR PIECES WRITTEN FOR CELLO.BUT HE ISN’T
SATISFIED.HE CONTINUES TO BE INVOLVED IN
EXPLORING AND CREATING DIFFERENT KINDS OF MUSIC.
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HE CURRENTLY PLAYS A MONTAGNANA CELLO FROM
VENICE MADE IN 1733 AND A DAVIDOFF STRADIVARIUS
MADE IN 1712.
SINCE CHILDHOOD,YO-YO HAS HAD THE POWER TO
MOVE PEOPLE WITH HIS MUSIC.YO-YO CONTINUES TO
DO THAT,AND PEOPLE NEVER TIRE OF LISTENING.
Ö AWARDS：
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GRAMMY AWARDS 2001
CROUCHING TIGER,HIDDEN DRAGON IS NOMINATED FOR
1.BEST SCORE SOUNDTRACK ALBUM FOR A MOTION
PICTURE,TELEVISION OR OTHER VISUAL MEDIA
2.BEST SONG WRITTEN FOR A MOTION PICTURE,TELEVISION OR
OTHER VISUAL MEDIA”A LOVE BEFORE TIME”
3.BEST INSTRUMENTAL COMPOSITION”THE ETERNAL VOW”
 YO-YO MA AT THE OSCARS!
DIRECTOR ANG LEE’S FILM CROUCHING TIGER,HIDDEN DRAGON
HAS WON FOUR ACADEMY AWARDS INCLUDING BEST
SCORE!YO-YO MA IS FEATURED ON THE SOUNDTRACK,AND HE
PERFORMED AT THE INTERNATIONALLY TELEVISED 73RD ANNUAL
ACADEMY AWARDS.
 YO-YO RECEIVED THE NATIONAL MEDAL OF THE ARTS IN
WASHINGTON,DC ON APRIL 22,2002.
 YO-YO MA VOTED ONE OF THE SEXIEST MEN ALIVE BY PEOPLE
MAGAZINE FOR 2001!!
Ö YO-YO’S FAVOR~THE CELLO
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THE CELLO：
So what is a cello anyways? Most people have heard of one
before, but based on my own experiences, people don't
know exactly which member of the orchestra it is. So, here
I present you with a good summary of what the cello is:
Cello or Violoncello, large, low-pitched musical instrument
of the violin family, held between the performer's knees. It
is really a bass violin played in an upright position. It has
four strings tuned C G d a (C = two C's below middle C; a =
the A below middle C). Its range extends over more than
four octaves. It is mostly used in string-quartets and
orchestras.
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The Tail spike is used to
balance the Cello when being
played; it can be adjusted to
any size, and retracts back
into the Cello when not in use.
The tuning pegs at the
Pegbox are used for tuning
the Cello, but for real
accuracy, the fine tuners are
used. The f hole is used to
increase the resonance of
the Cellos body, thus making
the sound produced louder.
The 4 Cello strings are
thicker that those of the
Violin, and are better suited
that way to give the Cello its
unique sound. The Cello is
played by rubbing the bow
string over the Cello strings,
both in left and right
directions.
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The earliest surviving Cellos are two from the 1560s by the
Italian violinmaker Andrea Amati. Until the late 18th century the
Cello was only a supporting instrument, playing bass lines and
adding fullness to musical textures. During the baroque era
unaccompanied Cello suites were composed (1720?) by the
German composer Johann Sebastian Bach, as were Cello
concertos by Antonio Vivaldi and Luigi Boccherini, the Italian
composers. In the 19th century, works for the Cello included
concertos by Johannes Brahms and the Czech composer
Antonín Dvorák. In the 20th century, composers such as the
Russians Sergey Prokofiev and Dmitry Shostakovich further
explored its solo capabilities. The most prominent 20th-century
cellist was the Spanish-born Pablo Casals. Other leading
soloists are the Russian-born Gregor Piatigorsky and Mstislav
Rostropovich, and of course Yo-Yo Ma. Each cellist has made
his own special contributions to the world of music.
~THANK YOU~