Transcript CHAPTER 11

CHAPTER 11
MANAGING WEIGHT
AND EATING BEHAVIORS
CHAPTER 11
• FOCUSES ON HEALTHFUL WAYS TO
MANAGE WEIGHT,THE NEGATIVE IMPACT
OF EATING DISORDERS, AND HOW
NUTRITIONAL NEEDS CHANGE
THROUGHOUT LIFE.
CHAPTER 11 LESSON 1
• THE ABILITY TO MANAGE WEIGHT IN
HEALTHFUL WAYS REQUIRES AN
UNDERSTANDING OF THE METHODS USED TO
DETERMNE A HEALTHY WEIGHT RANGE AND
THE FACTORS THAT IMPACT AN INDIVIDUAL’S
FOOD NEEDS.
• BIG IDEA- BELLRINGER
• WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO HAVE A HEALTHY
WEIGHT? DOES YOU WEIGHT EFFECT YOUR
SELF IMAGE?
LESSON 1 MAINTAINING A HEALTHY
WEIGHT
• MAINTAINING HEALTHY WEIGHT CAN
PROTECT HEALTH AND PREVENT DISEASE.
• THE CALORIE CONNECTION- YOU MAINTAIN
YOUR WEIGHT BY TAKING IN AS MANY
CALORIES AS YOU USE.
• CALORIES- ARE UNITS USED TO MEASURE THE
ENERGY FOUND IN FOOD.
• THE BALANCE BETWEEN THE CALORIES YOU
TAKE IN AND THOSE YOU BURN IS CALLED
ENERGY BALANCE.
• YOUR ENERGY BALANCE
• METABOLISM- THE PROCESS BY WHICH THE
BODY BREAKS DOWN SUBSTANCES AND
GETS ENERGY FROM FOOD.
• IT TAKES 3,500 CALORIES TO EQUAL 1
POUND OF BODY FAT.
• IF YOU CONSUME 500 FEWER CALORIES
THAN YOU USE EVERY DAY, YOU WILL LOSE
1 POUND A WEEK.
• HOW MANY CALORIES?
• FOODS HIGH IN FAT WILL ALSO BE HIGH IN
CALORIES.
• A GRAM OF FAT CONTAINS 9 CALORIES
WHILE A GRAM OF PROTEIN OR
CARBOHYDRATE CONTAINS 4.
• FOOD PREPARATION ALSO PLAYS A ROLE
IN HOW MANY CALORIES.
MAINTAINING A HEALTHY WEIGHT
• BODY MASS INDEX AND BODY COMPOSITION
HELP YOU JUDGE WHETHER YOUR WEIGHT IS
HEALTHY.
• TO MAINTAIN A HEALTHY WEIGHT, BURN THE
SAME AMOUNT OF CALORIES THAT ARE
CONSUMED.
• THE RIGHT WEIGHT FOR EACH PERSON IS
BASED ON SEVERAL FACTORS,
AGE,GENDER,HEIGHT,BODY FRAME,AND
STAGE AND RATE OF GROWTH.
Body Mass Index
• BMI-a measure of body weight relative to
height.
• Overweight-heavier than the standard
weight range for your height.
• Body composition-it is important to
compare the ratio of fat to lean tissue.
• Ex. Skin-fold testing
YOUR WEIGHT AND YOUR HEALTH
• BEING EITHER OVERWEIGHT OR
UNDERWEIGHT CARRIES HEALTH RISKS.
• WEIGHING TOO MUCH CAN INCREASE YOUR
RISK FOR HEALTH PROBLEMS.
TEENS WHO WEIGH TOO LITTLE MAY FEEL
WEAK,TIRE EASILY, OR HAVE TROUBLE
CONCENTRATING.
WEIGHING TOO MUCH
• 13% OF TEENS IN THE UNITED STATES ARE
OVERWEIGHT. THIS % HAS TRIPLE SINCE THE
1980’S.
• OBESE-HAVING AN EXCESS OF BODY FAT.
CARRIES SERIOUS HEALTH RISKS.
WEIGHING TOO LITTLE
• UNDERWEIGHT-BELOW THE STANDARD
WEIGHT RANGE FOR YOUR HEIGHT.
• CARRIES HEALTH RISKS,SOME THIN PEOPLE
MAY HAVE TROUBLE FIGHTING OFF
DISEASE.
• TOO THIN NOT GETTING ENOUGH CALORIES
AND NUTRIENTS THAT GROWING BODIES
NEED.
MANAGING YOUR WEIGHT
• STAY PHYSICALLY ACTIVE AND EAT
HEALTHFUL FOODS.
• YOU MUST ADJUST YOUR CALORIES TO GAIN
OR LOSE WEIGHT.
1. TARGET A HEALTHY WEIGHT
2. SET REALISTIC GOALS
3. PERSONALIZE YOUR PLAN
4. PUT GOALS IN WRITING
5. EVALUATE YOUR PROGRESS
HEALTHFUL WAYS TO LOSE WEIGHT
1. CHOOSE NUTRIENT-DENSE FOODS
2. WATCH PORTION SIZES
3. EAT FEWER FOODS THAT ARE HIGH IN
FATS AND ADDED SUGARS.
4. ENJOY FAVORITE FOODS IN MODERATION
5. BE ACTIVE
6. \TONE MUSCLES
7. STAY HYDRATED
HEALTHFUL WAYS TO GAIN WEIGHT
1. SELECT FOODS FROM THE 5 MAJOR FOOD
GROUPS THAT ARE HIGHER IN CALORIES.
2. CHOOSE HIGHER-CALORIE,NUTRIENT-RICH
FOODS
3. EAT NUTRITIOUS SNACKS
4. GET REGULAR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
• HELP YOU LOSE OR MAINTAIN A HEALTHY
WEIGHT
1. HELPS RELIEVE STRESS
2. PROMOTES A NORMAL APPETITE
RESPONSE
3. INCREASE SELF-ESTEEM
4. HELPS YOU FEEL MORE ENERGETIC
LESSON 2 BODY
IMAGE AND EATING
DISORDERS
BELLRINGER-WHAT ARE
SOME FACTORS THAT
INFLUENCE YOU BODY
IMAGE?
YOUR BODY IMAGE
• MAIN IDEA-THE MEDIA AND OTHER
INFLUENCES CAN EFFECT YOUR BODY IMAGE.
• BODY IMAGE-THE WAY YOU SEE YOUR BODY
• TEENS SOMETIMES COMPARE THE BODY WITH
MODELS AND ARE NOT REALISTIC.
• PEERS
• TRY TO ACCEPT YOURSELF THE WAY YOU ARE.
FAD DIETS
• FAD DIETS-WEIGHT LOSS PLANS THAT TEND
TO BE POPULAR FOR ONLY A SHORT TIME.
• LOSE WEIGHT QUICK, PUT BACK ON QUICK!
• WEIGHT CYCLING-A REPEATED PATTERN OF
GAINING AND LOSING WEIGHT.
• FADS DIETS CAN POSE SERIOUS HEALTH
RISKS.
• TEENS SHOULD TALK TO A PHYSICIAN IF
THEY WANT TO LOSE WEIGHT!!
TYPES OF FAD DIETS
1. MIRACLE FOODS- FOODS THT BURN
FAT(NOT)
2. MAGIC COMBINATIONS-FOODS IN
COMBINATION THAT CAUSE RAPID WEIGHT
LOSS.
3. LIQUID DIETS-REPLACING FOOD WITH
LIQUID.
4. DIET PILLS-ADDICTIVE-SERIOUS SIDE EFFECTS
5. FASTING-DEPRIVES THE BODY OF NEEDED
NUTRIENTS AND CAN RESULT IN
DEHYDRATION
RECOGNIZING FAD DIETS
• IF THE DIET DOES NOT FOLLOW THE FOOD
GUIDE PRYAMID.
• TELLS YOU WILL LOSE MORE THAN 2
POUNDS A WEEK
• NO PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
• WATCH OUT FOR CERTAIN WORDSEFFORTLESS,MIRACULOUS ETC.
EATING DISORDERS
• -EXTREME,HARMFUL EATING BEHAVIORS
THAT CAUSE SERIOUS ILLNE OR EVEN DEATH.
• MENTAL ILLNESS
• DEPRESSION
• LOW SELF-ESTEEM
• TROUBLED RELATIONSHIPS
• RUN IN FAMILIES-GENETICS MAY BE A FACTOR
ANOREXIA NERVOSA
• IS AN EATING DISORDER IN WHICH AN
IRRATIONAL FEAR OF WEIGHT GAIN LEADS
TO PEOPLE TO STARVE THEMSELVES.
• MAINLY AFFECTS GIRLS AND YOUNG
WOMEN.
• DISORDER AFFECTS A PERSON’S SELF
CONCEPT AND COPING ABILITIES.
OBSESSIVE BEHAVIORS
• AVOID FOOD AND MEALS
• EATING ONLY A FEW KINDS OF FOOD IN
SMALL AMOUNTS
• WEIGHING OR COUNTING CALORIES IN
EVERYTHING THEY EAT
• EXERCISE EXCESSIVELY
• WIEGHING THEMSELVES REPEATEDLY
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HEALTH CONSEQUENCES
MALNUTRITION
STARVATION
BONES BRITTLE
HEART RATE DROPS
HEART PROBLEMS
SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH
BULIMIA NERVOSA
• -IS AN EATING DISORDER THAT INVOLVES CYCLES
OF OVEREATING AND PURGING, OR ATTEMPT TO
RID THE BODY OF FOOD.
• BINGES-EATING HUGE AMOUNTS
• PURGING-VOMITING OR USING LAXATIVES
• EXERCISE FRANTICALLY
• DANGERS
• DEHYDRATION,SORE THROAT,SWOLLEN
GLANDS,DAMAGED TEETH FROM STOMACH
ACID,CHEMICAL IMBALANCES,HEART FAILURE,AND
DEATH.
BINGE EATING DISORDER
• -IS AN EATING DISORDER IN WHICH PEOPLE
OVEREAT COMPULSIVELY.
• COMMON IN MALES
• 1/3 OF ALL CASES
• CONSEQUENCES: OVERWEIGHT, OBESE,DO
NOT PURGE, HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE,TYPE 2
DIABETES,ANS CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
SEEKING HELP
• EATING DISORDERS ARE SERIOUS AND
DANGEROUS ILLNESSES.
• NEED HELP TO OVERCOME THEM
• COUNSELING,NUTRITIONAL GUIDANCE,A
DOCTOR’S CARE, AND EVEN HOSPITAL
STAY.
• PSYCOHOLOGICAL AND FAMILY THERAPY
LESSON 3
LIFELONG NUTRITION
• BIG IDEA-YOUR
AGE,GENDER,LIFESTYLE,AND HEALTH
NEEDS CAN AFFECT YOUR BODY’S FOOD
NEEDS.
• BELLRINGER-WHAT FACTORS COULD
AFFECT A PERSON’S NUTRITIONAL NEEDS?
LIFELONG NUTITIONAL NEEDS
• EVERYONE HAS DIFFERENT NUTRITIONAL
NEEDS
• FACTORS THAT AFFECT YOUR NUTRITIONAL
NEEDS
1. AGE
2. GENDER
3. ACITIVITY LEVEL
VEGETARIAN DIETS
• VEGETARIAN-IS A PERSON WHO EATS
MOSTLY OR ONLY PALNT-BASED FOODS.
• HEALTHIER
• LOWER IN SATURATED FATS
• HIGHER IN FIBER
• LOWER RISKS OF CARDIOVASCULAR
DISEASES.
• DRAW BACKS-LOWER CERTAIN NUTRIENTS
• DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS-PRODUCTS THAT
SUPPLY ONE OR MORE NUTRIENTS AS A
SUPPLEMENT TO,NOT A SUBSTITUTE
FOR;HEALTHFUL FOODS TO OBTAIN ALL
THE NUTRIENTS.
HEALTH CONDITIONS
1.
2.
3.
4.
DIABETES
FOOD ALLERGIES
LACTOSE INTOLERANCE
CELIAC DISEASE-GLUTEN
INTOLERANCE(PROTEIN)
5. HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE
6. HIGH CHOLESTEROL
NUTRITION FOR ATHLETES
• EATING RIGHT AFFECTS AN ATHLETE’S
PERFORMANCE
• TEEN ATHLETES NEED 2,000-5,000
CALORIES PER DAY
• MAKING WEIGHT- WRESTLERS\BOXERS
• STICK TO A SENSIBLE PLAN ½ TO 1 LB. PER
WEEK.
HYDRATION
• TEEN GIRLS-9 GLASSES OF NONCAFFEINATED
FLUIDS EACH DAY
• TEEN BOYS-13 GLASSES EACH DAY
• AVOID DEHYDRATION-CAN LEAD TO AN
IMBALANCE OF ELECTROLYTES-MINERALS
THAT HELP MAINTAIN THE BODY’S FLUID
BALANCE.
• DRINK WATER 15MINUTES BEFORE AND AFTER
ACTIVITY AND DURING THE WORKOUT.
AVOID PERFORMANCE ENHANCERS
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•
-SUBSTANCE THAT BOOST ATHLETIC ABILITY
ILLEGAL
ANABOLIC STEROIDS –DANGEROUS
ANDROSTENEDIONE-ANDRO-SAME SIDE
EFFECTS AS STEROIDS
• CREATINE-HELPS RELEASE ENERGY.DAMAGE
HEART,LIVER,KIDNEYS
• ENERGY DRINKS-CAFFEINE-INCREASES HEART
RATE,LOSE FLUIDS,LEADS TO DEHYDRATION
EATING BEFORE A COMPETITION
• EAT 3 TO 4 HOURS BEFORE COMPETITION
• STOMACH SHOULD BE EMPTY BY
COMPETITION
• EAT A LOT OF CARBOHYDRATES
• LOW IN FAT AND PROTEIN
• GOOD
FOODS:PASTA,RICE,VEGETABLES,BREADS,A
ND FRIUTS DRINK PLENTY OF WATER
USING SUPPLEMENTS
• HERBAL SUPPLEMENTS-DIETARY
SUPPLEMENTS CONTAINING PLANT EXTRACTS
ARE NOT REGULATED BY THE FDA.
• NO SUBSTITUTE FOR FOOD
• CONCERNS ABOUT DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS
• MULTIVITAMIN AND MINERAL SUPPLEMENTSARE GENERALLY SAFE AS LOND AD THEY ARE
USE CORRECTLY.
• MEGADOSES-VERY LARGE AMOUNTS OF ANY
SUPPLEMENT IS DANGEROUS.