Transcript Culture may be:-

Transcultural Care
Dr Tina Harris, Lead Midwife for Education
Adapted from a presentation originally developed by
Maggi Brimson
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Transcultural issues and care
– What is transcultural care?
– The importance of culture in midwife practice
– What is Culture?
– Differences between culture, ethnicity and race.
– The population of Leicester and Leicestershire
– Meeting clients’ needs
– Stereotyping and prejudice
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What is transcultural care
• The goals of transcultural care are to,
– “... give culturally congruent nursing care, and to
provide culture specific and universal nursing care
practices for the health and well-being of people
or to aid them in facing adverse human
conditions, illness or death in culturally
meaningful ways.”
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcultural_nursing
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Why do we need to know about
transcultural care?
• Meeting needs of population we serve
– Needs of the local pop we serve are important and that is why we look
at the society around us when considering the care they need.
Particularly relates to needs assessment of minority ethnic groups.
• Regulatory requirement
– NMC (safeguarding the public)
• The code
• Standards for pre-registration midwifery education
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Cultural competence
• Cultural competence refers to an ability to
interact effectively with people of different
cultures, particularly in the context of human
resources, non profit organisations and
government agencies whose employees work
with persons from different cultural/ethnic
backgrounds.
] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_competence
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What is culture
• Culture is the learned and transmitted knowledge about a
particular culture with its values, beliefs, rules of behaviour
and lifestyle practices that guides a designated group in their
thinking and actions in patterned ways.
(Leininger, 1978)
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Culture may be:•
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Knowledge
Values
Beliefs
Rules of behaviour
Lifestyle practices
Guidelines
Attitudes
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Culture can be transmitted by;
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Symbols
Language
Art
Ritual
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What is your own culture
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Values
Beliefs
Rules
Attitudes
Lifestyle practices
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How is your culture transmitted
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Symbols
Language
Art
Rituals
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What about cultures within
healthcare?
• Loros
• Maternity services
– Home birth service
– Midwifery led units
– Large maternity unit managing complex cases
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How are these different?
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Culture
Race
Ethnicity
Religion
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Health Beliefs
• Individual but influenced by culture
• Fundamental for holistic practice
• Midwives bring in their own health beliefs and
and expres the culture of midwifery practice
as a professional group
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Types of Health Belief
• Biomedicine
• Personalistic (magico-religious)
• Naturalistic (holistic)
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Check list for midwifery care
• Care of women and their families needs to be
both appropriate to the individual/group and
also to take into account their cultural and
religious beliefs.
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Checklist for midwifery care
• Midwives need to ensure that they undertake
an assessment which takes into account the
cultural and religious background of the
person they are offering care to.
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Checklist for midwifery care
• Although midwives do not need to be cultural
experts they need awareness of the possible
effects cultural differences can have on all
aspects of care.
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Ways of describing ethnic origin
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White: British
White: Irish
White: Other White
Mixed: White and Black Caribbean
Mixed: White & Black African
Mixed: White and Asian
Mixed: Other Mixed
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Ways of describing ethnic origin
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Asian or Asian British: Indian
Asian or Asian British: Pakistani
Asian or British Asian: Bangladeshi
Asian or British Asian: Other Asian
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Ways of describing ethnic origin
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Black or Black British: Caribbean
Black or Black British: African
Black or Black British: Other Black
Chinese
Other Ethnic Groups
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Leicester City population (304,000)
Census 2011
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183,000 (60%)
3200 (1%)
9100
3100 (1%)
900
2900
1900
56900 (19%)
14000 (5%)
2800 (1%)
5800 (2%)
4800
5800 (2%)
1000
6500 (2%)
3000 (1%)
white British
White Irish
White other
white/black Caribbean
white/black African
white/Asian
Mixed other
Indian Asian
Pakistani
Bangladeshi
Asian other
black Caribbean
black African
black other
Chinese
other
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Cultural issues in delivering care to
pregnant women and their families
Can you think of how culture may impact on the
care women will want and the care we will
give?
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Religion: Census 2001
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Leicester
Christian 44.72%
Buddhist 0.23%
Hindu 14.74%
Jewish 0.15
Muslim 11.03%
Sikh
4.21
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England & Wales
Christian 71.75%
Buddhist 0.28%
Hindu
1.06%
Jewish 0.5%
Muslim 2.97%
Sikh
0.63%
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Religion: Census 2001
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Leicester
Other religions 0.42%
No religion 17.43%
Religion not stated 7.07%
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England & Wales
Other religions 0.29%
No religion 14.81%
Religion not stated 7.71%
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Sources of information
– http:www.bbc.co.uk/religion (accessed 4/10/12)
– http:www.statistics.gov.uk/census (accessed
4/10/12)
– Holland K, Hogg C, (2001) Cultural Awareness in
Nursing and Health Care, (Arnold: London)
– Watt S, Norton D (2004) Culture, ethnicity, race:
what’s the difference? Paediatric Nursing.16, 8,
37-42.
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Further reading
Andrews M and Boy J S (2012) Transcultural concepts in nursing care. 6th ed.
London:Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
Kotsapas et al (2009) Transcultural considerations in obstetrics and gynaecology: what
the clinician needs to know. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. April 29(3)
pp175-180
Lewallen L P (2011) The importance of culture in childbearing. JOGNN. 40(1) pp4-8
Papadopoulos I et al (2006) Transcultural health and social care: development of
culturally competent practitioners. Edinburgh:Elsevier
Sookhoo D (2009) Race ethnicity and childbirth in C Squire (Ed) Social context of birth.
Abingdon:Radcliffe Publishing pp85-99
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