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C&G 7303 – Preparing to Teach in the Lifelong Learning Sector Teaching Methods Do you agree with this statement? Some teaching methods are bad and shouldn’t be used. Learning activities include 3 main components: Teaching methods Resources Strategies - presentation (teacher in control or teacher-centred), where the tutor predominately transmits ideas, information or skills. - interaction (shared control or participative), where knowledge and experience are shared between the teacher and the learners and/or amongst the learners themselves. - search (learner in control or learner centred), where the learners explore and discover for themselves, either on their own or in small collaborative groups. Petty states the following advantages of giving students more control and responsibility: •encourages active and deep learning, rather than passive and superficial learning •develops self-management and ‘learning to learn’ process skills as well as delivering the learning product. •discourages learned helplessness and learned dependency encourages the development of self-belief, self-reliance and autonomy. •less stressful and more enjoyable for the teacher, who also gains the students’ respect for treating them with respect Petty G (1998), Teaching Today, Thornes (page 119) Categorisation of methods by ‘domains of learning’ Cognitive domain: concerned with knowledge. Methods might include lectures, small group work, problem solving tasks, research etc Psycho motor domain: concerned with skills. Methods might include demonstration, individual practice, coaching etc Affective domain: concerned with attitudes. Methods might include discussion, case studies, role play, simulation etc. Are some teaching methods bad and shouldn’t be used? Perhaps we should say: Some teaching methods are ‘bad’ when used with some students Some teaching methods are ‘bad’ for achieving some learning outcomes Some teaching methods are ‘bad’ for some subject areas or domains of learning Some teaching methods are ‘bad’ when used by some teachers or………… There’s no bad teaching methods just teaching methods used badly! ‘No one method of teaching adults will suit every occasion. What matters is to choose a method or methods which best help adults achieve the task in hand. Experience indicates that a combination of methods is likely to be more effective than any one used singly and that a variety will help maintain people’s interest and motivation.’ Daines J, Daines C & Graham B, (1998), Adult Learning Adult Teaching, University of Nottingham (page 19)