Transcript Equal Impact Assessments explained…

Dundee Community Planning Partnership
Winning Hearts and Minds -
Equality, Diversity and Social
Justice
Aims
The session is designed to refresh, refocus and re-energise participants
understanding of and commitment to leading on equality, diversity and
social justice in Dundee
Learning outcomes
Participants will
• Understand the legal and policy context including recent developments
such as the Equality Bill, and other key drivers, levers and motivators for
equality
• Identify and clarify language and terms associated with equality, diversity
and social justice
• Understand the nature and impact of inequality and exclusion
• Be able to identify the barriers to equality, diversity and social justice
• Recognise the critical role of leaders in promoting equality, diversity and
social justice
• Gain a greater sense of personal commitment to shifts in their own practice,
and in promoting good practice in the workplace
6 equality strands
1. Language and terms;
definitions, meaning,
context
Multiple, complex needs
Equality
is about a fairer
society where everyone
can participate and has
the opportunity to fulfil
their potential
An equal society…
…protects and promotes equal, real
freedom and substantive opportunity to
live in the ways people value and would
choose, so that everyone can flourish.
…recognises people’s different needs,
situations and goals and removes the
barriers that limit what people can do and
can be.”
Equality in context
Of Worth
Processes Opportunities Outcomes
accorded
dignity,
respect,
regard,
value…
treated in
the same /
similar
manner in
any given
situation
access to
opportunities
similar or
comparable
outcomes
Think Real and Perceived Equality
Diversity is…
the recognition and valuing of difference
in its broadest sense.
It is about creating a culture and practices
that recognise, respect, value and
harness difference for the benefit of…
NB the Equality Act (2006) describes diversity as quite
simply being ‘the fact that individuals are different’
The 6 equality strands are…
Disability
Gender
Age
Sexual
orientation
Race &
ethnicity
Religion
& belief
The six equality strands..
Age
Includes children, younger and older
people (focus particularly at times of
transition, e.g. adolescence, retirement)
Disability Includes physical, sensory, learning
disabilities, some mental health problems
and long-term conditions (aka LTCs)
Gender
Covers women and men, including
transsexual women and men
The six equality strands …
Race and
ethnicity
Includes black and minority ethnic
communities (BME), gypsies /
travellers, refugees, asylum seekers
Religion and
belief
Includes world religions and nonreligious belief systems, such as
atheism, humanism
Sexual
orientation
Includes bisexual, gay, lesbian and
heterosexual
Life circumstances can include…
Disability
Age
Sexual
orientation
Gender
Poverty
Deprivation
Religion
& belief
Poor housing
and
homelessness
Race &
ethnicity
Multiple and complex needs
“Complex needs is a framework for understanding
multiple interlocking needs that span health and social
issues.
People with complex needs may have to negotiate a
number of different issues in their life, for example,
learning disability, mental health problems, substance
abuse.
They may also be living in deprived circumstances and
lack access to stable housing or meaningful daily activity…
Each individual with complex needs has a unique
interaction between their health and social care needs and
requires a personalised response from services.”
Complex realities illustrated…
Jane is a 64 year old woman
• Lives alone on the 5th floor of a block of council flats on the edge
of Dundee
• Income is from state pension and credits
• Has reduced mobility due to arthritis
• Father came to Britain from Jamaica in 1948. Mother followed 4
years later with children.
• Both parents are dead, Jane’s older brother died last year (in
Cardiff). No other family connections locally
• Identifies as a gay woman (although no partner, or contact with
LGBT orgs or groups)
• Describes herself as a Christian although she ‘never goes to
church’
• Social contact is mostly limited to a couple of concerned
neighbours (who do a ‘wee bit’ of shopping for Jane)
• Jane feels socially and emotionally isolated…
In what ways is Jane disadvantaged / at risk of disadvantage
or discrimination?
2. Drivers, levers and
motivators for Equality
“Tackling health inequalities is a matter of
social justice. It’s unacceptable in 21st
century Scotland that some people can
expect to die earlier than others, simply
due to an accident of birth or
circumstances”
Scottish
Government
strategic
aims
The
Law
Public
duties
Dundee
Single
Outcome
Agreement
2008-11
Social
cohesion
The
moral
case
Social
justice
Equality and
Human
Rights
Commission
Drivers for
equality
Include...
The
evidence
base
The MacPherson Report, 1999
Describes institutionalised racism as…
“The collective failure of an organisation
to provide an appropriate and professional service to
people because of their colour, culture or ethnic
origin.
It can be seen or detected in
processes, attitudes, and behaviour which amount
to discrimination through unwitting prejudice,
ignorance and thoughtlessness and racist
stereotyping which disadvantage minority ethnic
people.”
The Scotland Act (1998) describes
equal opportunities as…
“ the prevention, elimination or
regulation of discrimination between persons on
grounds of
• sex,
• age,
• marital status,
• sexual orientation,
• social grounds,
• language,
• disability,
• social origin
or of other personal attributes, including beliefs
or opinions such as religious beliefs or political
opinions ”
Scottish Government Strategic Aims
1
2
3
4
5
Wealthier and Fairer
Healthier
Safe and Stronger
Smarter
Greener
Business case
Attracting, recruiting and Reducing the costs of
retaining people from a labour turnover and
wide “talent” base
absenteeism
Contributing to
employee flexibility and
responsiveness
Building employee
Managing the impact of
commitment, morale
globalisation and
and “discretionary effort” technological change
better
Enhancing creativity
and innovation
Improving knowledge of
how to operate in
different cultures
Improving the
understanding of the
needs of current
customers or clients
Assisting in the
development of new
products, services and
marketing strategies
Enhancing the
organisation’s
reputation and image
with external
stakeholders
Creating opportunities
for disadvantaged
groups and building
social cohesion
Dundee Single Outcome Agreement 2008-11
“The Dundee Partnership has evidenced its
commitment to equalities in relevant annual
reports and external audits.
This will remain a priority for continuous
improvement over the next three years and
beyond, as we continue to broaden and deepen
the Dundee Partnership's agenda and
representation to reflect all communities of
interest and identity in the city…”
Dundee: Single Outcome Agreement 2008-11
1. Dundee will be a regional centre
with better job opportunities and
increased employability for our
people
2. Our people will be better educated
and skilled within a knowledge
economy renowned for research,
innovation and culture
3. Our children will be safe, nurtured, 4. Our people will experience fewer
healthy, achieving, active, respected, health inequalities
responsible and included
5. Our people will have improved
physical and mental well being
6. Our people will receive effective
care when they need it
7. Our communities will be safe and
feel safe
8. Our people will experience
fewer social inequalities
9. Our people will live in stable,
attractive and popular
neighbourhoods
10. Our people will have high quality
and accessible local services and
facilities
11. Dundee will have a sustainable environment
The Equality Bill… features
A single Public
Sector Equality duty
that will require
public authorities to
proactively work to
eliminate
discrimination and
unlawful harassment,
promote equality and
good relations…
Addressing
Age-related
discrimination
in the provision
of goods,
facilities and
services…
A requirement on
public authorities
to consider socioeconomic
disadvantage in
planning and
monitoring
services they
provide…
3. Attitudes, Inequality and
Access...
“If it is only bad people who are prejudiced,
that would not have such a strong effect.
Most people would not wish to imitate
them… except in exceptional times…
It is the prejudices of good people that are
so dangerous.”
Health and social inequalities…
a. There are large and increasing
relative inequalities in deaths amongst
young adults due to drugs, alcohol,
assault and suicide, e.g. in 2006 more
than two thirds of the total alcoholrelated deaths In Scotland were in the
most deprived two fifths of areas
b. Age Concern Scotland estimates
that 7% to 9% of older people in
Scotland are victims of at least one
form of elder abuse
c. UK-wide, only 24% of adults with
long-term mental health problems are
in work – the lowest employment rate
for any of the main groups of disabled
people
d. 40% of women spend over 50
hours a week caring for someone
living with them (a risk factor
associated with mental health
problems)
e. Asian women aged between 15–35
years are 2 or 3 three times more
vulnerable to suicide and self-harm,
while the incidence of eating disorders
is higher among South Asian girls and
women
f. Studies have found higher rates
of depression among gay men,
lesbians, bisexual and
transgender people than the
general population…
Poverty and prospects
“Children born to parents in the lowest quintile
(fifth) of Scotland’s population are “much more
likely” to:
• have a single, teenage mother
• have been affected by maternal smoking,
drinking or drug use during pregnancy
• not have been breastfed
• be weaned onto an unhealthy diet
• have poor dental health, and
• Receive relatively little stimulation.”
The social gradient - mental health
An accident of birth or circumstances…
Social Attitudes in Scotland
A Nearly half of survey respondents said they would be unhappy if a close relative
formed a relationship with someone who had had ‘a sex change operation’
[i.e. transsexual man or woman]
Three in ten survey respondents felt that sexual relations between two men or
between two women are ‘always’ or ‘mostly’ wrong.
B Half of survey respondents said a person aged 70 would be unsuitable for the
job of a primary school teacher…
One in five said a Muslim would be unsuitable as a primary school teacher
C Over a quarter of survey respondents said the presence of ethnic minorities in
Scotland makes it more difficult for other people to find a job.
Nearly a third said the same about people from Eastern Europe. Strikingly, this
view is particularly high amongst those aged 18-24…
One in three respondents said they would be unhappy if a close relative formed
a relationship with an asylum seeker
D 1 in 4 Scots experiences a mental health problem in any given year and yet in a
2004 survey of attitudes towards mental health in Scotland, 45% of people said
they ‘wouldn’t want other people to know they had a mental health problem’.
Around half of respondents said a person with depression and a person aged 70
would be unsuitable for the job of a primary school teacher
Stigma could describe any process…
‘…whereby certain individuals and
groups are unjustly rendered
shameful, excluded and
discriminated against’
World Health Organisation (2002)
Influences on what we feel and think include…
Age
Gender
Social status /
Class
Education
Parents /
family
Friends /
peers
The Media
The Church
Personal
contacts
Government
policies
Previous
encounters
(positive /
negative
Joined-up
prejudices
Degrees of
‘difference’
Belief there is
‘special
treatment’ for
some
Perceived
economic or
cultural
injustice
Social Researchers conclude that…
• We are more likely to express discriminatory
attitudes where we lack personal experience
• We are less likely to express discriminatory attitudes
if we know someone who ‘belongs’ to a particular group
• We are more comfortable with people who are more like
us
• Fears and concerns about the extent of ‘threat’ to our
values, beliefs, culture are key reasons why we hold
discriminatory attitudes
Ideologies of ‘Superiority’
Historically, discrimination and inequality have been founded
on and justified by ideologies of ‘natural superiority’, sustained
by institutions and structures and reflected in prevailing social
and cultural ‘norms’
What attitudes, assumptions and beliefs have been / are still
used to justify…
1. Sexism?
2. Racism?
3. Ageism?
4. Disablism?
5. Heterosexism?
6. Povertyism?
PCS model of Discrimination
Institutional / Structural
Society’s social, political, cultural and
economic structures determine who has
power and influence
Cultural
Societal and cultural ‘norms’
determine which groups are
included and which are excluded
Personal
Individual’s thoughts,
feelings and actions
The wider determinants of health
Key Determinants of positive Mental Health
Social inclusion
Free from
discrimination &
violence
Access to
economic
resources
Supportive
relationships
Valuing of diversity
Work
Physical security
Education
Involvement in
community &
group activities
Civic engagement
Self determination
Housing
and control of one’s
life
Money
PCS model of Discrimination
Institutional / Structural
Society’s social, political, cultural and
economic structures determine who has
power and influence
Cultural
Societal ‘norms’ determine which
‘groups’ are included and which
are excluded
Personal
Individual thoughts,
feelings … and
actions
4. Leading from the front
“If Rosa Parks had not refused
to move to the back of the bus,
you and I might never have
heard of Dr. Martin Luther
King…”
Dundee Community Planning Partnership
Vision and Principles
Through our Partnership Dundee…
Social Inclusion
will be a vibrant and attractive city with Dundee will ensure that regardless
an excellent quality of life where people of social or economic background,
choose to live, learn, work and visit
everyone has the chance to play
a full part in the life of the city
will offer real choice and opportunity in
a city that has tackled the root causes
of social and economic exclusion,
creating a community which is healthy,
safe, confident, educated and
empowered
will have a strong and sustainable city
economy that will provide jobs for the
people of Dundee, retain more of the
universities’ graduates and make the city
a magnet for new talent
Sustainability
Dundee will develop in ways which
safeguard the future of our
environment, our economy and
our people
Active Citizenship
The people of Dundee will have
the opportunity and the ability to
shape the future of the city.
Dundee Community Planning Partnership
Community planning commitments
1. Work together to
provide quality services
for the community, where
appropriate, that are
integrated between the
partners and other agencies
2. Combine resources to
maximise the benefits
provided by services to the
individuals and
communities of Dundee
3. Work together to
consult with
communities
regarding their needs
and expectations and
the planning of
services
4. Share information
wherever possible to
improve our understanding
and the work we do
5. Promote the values of
social inclusion, active
citizenship, lifelong
learning and sustainability
within community planning
6. Work together to
enable communities
to play a major role in
creating solutions to
problems they face
7. Implement actions
contained within our first
Community Plan
8. Monitor progress
against the actions
contained within the
Community Plan and
report this to the
community
9. Involve the
community in
evaluation of the
success of the Plan
Dundee Partnership Strategic Outcomes
1 Dundee will be a regional centre with better job opportunities and
increased employability for our people
2 Our people will be better educated and skilled within a knowledge
economy renowned for research, innovation and culture
3 Our children will be safe, nurtured, healthy, achieving, active,
respected, responsible and included
4 Our people will experience fewer health inequalities
5 Our people will have improved physical and mental well being
6 Our people will receive effective care when they need it
7 Our communities will be safe and feel safe
8 Our people will experience fewer social inequalities
9 Our people will live in stable, attractive and popular
neighbourhoods
10 Our people will have high quality and accessible local services and
facilities
11 Dundee will have a sustainable environment
Understanding Needs
Eliciting individual needs
through
Person-centred, personalised
focus and ‘sensitive enquiry’
Identifying wider community needs by
Gathering data, reviewing the evidence,
partnerships with representative orgs &
community groups
Recognising universal (human) needs with
Customer service ethos & approach
e.g. Dignity & Respect, Rights-based principles…
How do I / we
feel and think
about…
I/we
involve &
include you
I/we value you
& uphold your
rights
...difference
and
diversity?
I/we accept you &
recognise your rights
I/we don’t have a problem with
you; don’t care what you are;
makes no difference to me…
I/we pity you; have sympathy for you;
hope they find a cure for you…
I/we are frightened, offended, repulsed,
threatened by you / your kind
Hidden Bias
Personal bias’
Managing personal bias’
1. We tend to relate more
comfortably to people who
have the same / similar social
identity and background to us
2. We tend towards a related
and opposing bias against
people we see as / believe to
be different.
3. How do we identify people
as being like us? Not
surprisingly, factors such as
sex, ethnicity and class are
common…
1. Recognise and
acknowledge we all have
biases
2. Understand the biases
we personally hold
3. Discuss these with one
another, challenge each
other and remain vigilant,
not only to our biases, but to
those of others around us.
Knowing your own Bias’
Psychologists at Harvard, the University of Virginia and the
University of Washington created Project Implicit as a
means of examining personal bias through…
Implicit Association Tests
The tests claim to provide a measurement of unconscious
bias, and while American.
They can be accessed online at
https://implicit.harvard.edu/implicit
Evaluation
•
•
•
•
•
What was most helpful?
What was least helpful?
What have you learned?
Will you think or do anything differently?
If 1 represents really poor and 9 really
excellent, how would you rate the
session overall?
Winning Hearts and Minds
Equality, Diversity and Social Justice
Developed by
for the
Dundee Community Planning Partnership
June 2009