Transcript OAD313 Computer Applications in Business II: Introduction

SOC473 Community
Development:
Community Building:
Coming of Age
Tuesday, July 07,
2015
© 2000, 2002 by Ronald Keith
Bolender
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
References
Kingsley, G. T., McNeely, J. B., & Gibson, J. O. (1997). Community
building: Coming of age. In Civic Practices Network. Retrieved
January 7, 2000 from the World Wide Web:
http://www.cpn.org/sections/topics/community/civic_perspectives/c
b_coming_of_age1.html
Livable Communities. (1999, June.) Building livable communities: A
report from the Clinton-Gore Administration. In Livable
Communities. Retrieved February 7, 2000 from the World Wide
Web: http://www.livablecommunities.gov
Tuesday, July 07,
2015
© 2000, 2002 by Ronald Keith
Bolender
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
Remember-Community Development (also called
community building) is a holistic concept-the entire community is considered.
For the sake of time, your specific
Community Development Projects will not
be comprehensive, but rather possible
components of a holistic strategy.
Tuesday, July 07,
2015
© 2000, 2002 by Ronald Keith
Bolender
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
Community Building
versus
Community Development
Why this “hair-splitting”
distinction?
Tuesday, July 07,
2015
© 2000, 2002 by Ronald Keith
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
A new approach is emerging to help address
the problems and opportunities of both
impoverished inner-city neighborhoods
and rural areas.
Most of its practitioners are now calling it
community building.
Tuesday, July 07,
2015
© 2000, 2002 by Ronald Keith
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
Community building works by building
up individual neighborhoods
Neighbors learning to rely on each other
Working together on concrete tasks
Collective assets
Individual assets
Tuesday, July 07,
2015
© 2000, 2002 by Ronald Keith
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
Process creates
Self-awareness
Self-esteem
Self-reliance
A base is created that gives hope for the
future
Reconnection to America’s mainstream
...uhmmmmm...
Tuesday, July 07,
2015
© 2000, 2002 by Ronald Keith
Bolender
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
Let’s see now…what major theorist talks
about “reconnection?”
How about…
Durkheim
Integration/Social Solidarity
Tuesday, July 07,
2015
© 2000, 2002 by Ronald Keith
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
Also...
Robert Merton
Adaptation(Goals and Means)
Tuesday, July 07,
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© 2000, 2002 by Ronald Keith
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
Primary Changes in Strategy
Reduce “material” focus, such as
More money
More services
More material benefits
Tuesday, July 07,
2015
© 2000, 2002 by Ronald Keith
Bolender
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
Primary theme is to change motivation
and values
Obliterate feelings of dependency
Replace with attitudes of
self-reliance
self-confidence
responsibility
Tuesday, July 07,
2015
© 2000, 2002 by Ronald Keith
Bolender
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
These ideas are not being imposed from
“outsiders,” but rather from the leaders of
distressed neighborhoods
Tuesday, July 07,
2015
© 2000, 2002 by Ronald Keith
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
Civil Life
Strong communities build a strong
governmental civil life.
Strong communities also need healthy
nongovernmental civil life.
Associations
Churches
Schools
Tuesday, July 07,
2015
© 2000, 2002 by Ronald Keith
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
Who contributed toward the trend to get
the federal government out of the
“parachute” business?
Ronald Reagan
Tuesday, July 07,
2015
© 2000, 2002 by Ronald Keith
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
Major Philosophical Change in Strategy
Less “fighting city hall”
The old “what can you do for us” since “we
cannot do for ourselves” strategy
The victim strategy
More “self-help”
City hall, stay out of “out way”
The self-reliance, self-assertive strategy
Tuesday, July 07,
2015
© 2000, 2002 by Ronald Keith
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
Community Building Themes
Focused around specific improvements
initiatives in a manner that reinforces
values and builds social and human
capital.
Community-driven with broad resident
involvement.
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
Comprehensive, strategic and
entrepreneurial.
Asset-based.
Tailored to neighborhood scale and
conditions.
The core unit for the new community
building should be a neighborhood
Usually 5,000 to 10,000 people
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
Collaboratively linked to the broader
society to strengthen community
institutions and enhance outside
opportunities for residents.
Consciously changing institutional barriers
and racism.
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
Recommendations
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© 2000, 2002 by Ronald Keith
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
Key Principles of Community Development
That people define their own problems
and issues.
That people work together as a group
rather than as individuals.
That actions should increase the selfreliance of the community and its
individuals rather than increase
dependency on other.
Tuesday, July 07,
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© 2000, 2002 by Ronald Keith
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
That the role of community development
workers is to facilitate this process rather
than organize it on behalf of others.
Tuesday, July 07,
2015
© 2000, 2002 by Ronald Keith
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
That community development involves
engagement in political processes and
often negotiation between groups with
conflicting interests. It also involves
elements of social change whereby
disadvantaged or minority groups provide
challenges to the attitudes or power
relations in society planning and
development of inner-city areas.
Tuesday, July 07,
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© 2000, 2002 by Ronald Keith
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
Building Livable
Communities: A Report
From the Clinton-Gore
Administration
(Livable Communities, 1999)
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
Livable Communities Objectives
Sustain prosperity and expand economic
opportunity
Enhance the quality of life
Build a stronger sense of community
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
Livable Communities Bedrock Principles
Communities know best.
Every community is different. Decisions
about how they grow are best made by
the communities themselves.
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
The appropriate role of the Federal
government is to inform and assist, not to
direct.
Federal government can help expand and
improve the choices available to communities
by:
Providing information, tools and resources
to help communities anticipate and shape patterns
of growth
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
Providing opportunities for communities to
work together to meet the challenges and
embrace the opportunities presented by growth
Aligning actions so that federal decision-making
supports locally driven smart growth efforts.
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Community Building:
Coming of Age
Empowering Individuals and Communities
Locally-Driven
Inclusive Partnerships
Broad scope
Resilient Local Economies
Smart Growth
Regional in Scale
Performance-Based
Traditional Values
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