Formative Evaluation
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Transcript Formative Evaluation
FORMATIVE
EVALUATION
Intermediate Injury Prevention Course
August 23-26, 2011, Billings, MT
Session Goal
To provide participants with a basic
knowledge of formative evaluation and
its use when developing an injury
prevention program.
Session Objectives
Describe the purpose of
formative evaluation
Describe several formative
evaluation methods
Provide resources for each
formative evaluation method
The 4 Stages of Evaluation
Review
Formative
Will this work?
Process
Are we doing what we set out to do?
Impact
Can we see any changes?
Outcome
Have we reduce injuries?
The 4 Stages of Evaluation
Review
Baseline Data Collection
Project Implementation
Looks at Changes in
Target Audience
Formative
Evaluation
Process
Evaluation
Impact
Evaluation
Short-term:
Knowledge,
Attitudes &
Practice
Timely Feedback
Pre-Testing
Monitoring
Outcome
Evaluation
Long-term:
Health
Outcomes
Formative Evaluation
Defined
The process of testing and /or obtaining
expert review of program plans,
messages, materials, strategies, or
modifications, for weaknesses and
strengths before they are put into effect.
Formative Evaluation
Purpose
Get target audience perception of the
possible interventions
Gain community support
Ensure program materials & activities are
acceptable or culturally appropriate
Identify problems with program concepts
or design
Used in conjunction with process
evaluation
Formative Evaluation
When to Conduct
New program
New materials
Existing program is:
modified,
having problems, or
adapted for a new setting, population,
problem, or behavior
Ongoing at all stages of program
Formative Evaluation
Who to Involve - Stakeholders
The people with a vested interest in
a program and the future use of
its evaluation
Formative Evaluation
Categories of Stakeholders
Implementers
Partners
Participants
Decision makers
Formative Evaluation
Stakeholders
Example: Car seat distribution program
Who should we include?
Implementers
Partners
Participants
Decision makers
Formative Evaluation
Data Collection Methods
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Focus Groups
Key Informant Interviews
Town Hall Meetings
Expert Reviews
Surveys
Formative Evaluation
Focus Groups - Purpose
To gather information on a particular
topic by conducting an informal
discussion between 6 to 10 individuals
similar to target population
Formative Evaluation
Focus Groups
8 Important Steps
Secret Ingredients:
-Focus group similar in makeup to
target population
-Requires an experienced facilitator
Formative Evaluation
Key Informant Interviews - Purpose
To obtain detailed information by
asking broad open-ended questions
and by probing interviewee
Formative Evaluation
Key Informant Interviews
7 Important Steps
Secret Ingredients:
-Take care to select informants with various
points of view
-Remember to first establish rapport
KEY INFORMANT EXERCISE
Scenario:
Local IPS is seeking to determine attitudes
and beliefs about ATV related injuries and
possible interventions. They will interview two
key community members.
Formative Evaluation
Town Hall Meetings - Purpose
To gather a diverse group of community
members together to think and talk
about an issue
Formative Evaluation
Town Hall Meetings
8 important steps
Special Ingredients
Plan early
Make sure there is plenty of time for interaction
between audience and presenters
Formative Evaluation
Expert Reviews - Purpose
To identify mistakes, concerns, and
general areas for improvement.
Formative Evaluation
Expert Reviews
7 important steps
Special Ingredients
The committee should be continuously
involved in the process.
Include detailed instruction in the job
description.
Formative Evaluation
Surveys - Purpose
To obtain SPECIFIC information
from a targeted group of people
using a set of defined questions.
Formative Evaluation
Surveys
7 important steps
Special Ingredients
Avoid overloading the survey
Design questionnaire such that its clear
and simple.
Formative Evaluation
Examples in IHS
Sleep Safe and Ride Safe Curriculums –
Focus Groups, Key Informant
Interviews, Expert Review
Animal Control Project - Surveys
Child Passenger Safety Training - Expert
Review
IHS Area Injury Prevention Program
Evaluations - Expert Review
Formative Evaluation
Conclusion
Formative evaluation
Tests program plans, messages,
materials, strategies, or modifications
for weaknesses and strengths before
they are put into effect.
Allows the evaluator to probe the
feelings, beliefs, and impressions of
participants.
Generates community support for the
proposed project or program.