Transcript Ch 3 Cell Size and Scientists

Introduction to Cellular Biology
10/14/16 Agenda:
- Cell Size
- Powers of Ten
- Review 3.1
Independent Notes
- Chrome Book 3.1
Self Check
- 3.2 Ind. Notes
Objectives:
- Examine cell size.
- Compare prokaryotic
and eukaryotic cells.
- Examine the
development of the cell
theory.
75 to 100 trillion cells in the body
The smallest part of any living things that still
counts as being “alive” is a cell! Is a leaf alive?
How about your big toe? How about a drop of
blood? Can we just keep dividing things into
smaller and smaller parts, or is there a point
at which what’s left is no longer alive? As you
will see, there is such a limit, the smallest
living unit of any organism is- the cell.
The average life span for a stomach cell is two
days? A brain cell on the other hand, can live
for a lifetime.
Write this down!!!
Review Question:
Can you order these
from smallest to
largest?
Cell
Atom
Macromolecule
Organism
Organ
Organelle
Tissue
Organ System
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
This is what we learned.
Truth! Cells are unique.
Form = Function
The shape of the cell is designed for its job!
Write this down!!!
Example:
Onions… Skin…
Flat/Plate-like…
Trap moisture..
Protection
Example:
Skeletal Muscle…
Many nuclei…
Make many proteins
Can you identify these images?
1
2
3
6
5
7
Ostrich Egg
http://www.cellsalive.com/
– By extension, the yolk is the largest single cell
– Largest Unicellular Eukaryote
– 5 to 6 centimeters
Write this down!!!
Cells are measured in microns or micrometers.
1 cm ->
1 mm ->
Metric
Inches
How Big is a Micron ( µ ) ?
1 mm = 1,000 microns
9
So how big is a cell?
Typical cell can range from 5 – 100 microns.
10
Bacteria = 1 um
Animal cell = 10 um
Plant cell = 100 um
Hair = 100 um
How many
_________ cells
could fit across this
strand of hair?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
t4Tst9DZFPI
Sliding Scale Universe
Let’s put size into perspective.
POWERS OF TEN
Other Powers of Ten
Video
Types of Cells
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
Review and correct your notes!
What are the two
major types of cells?
Prokaryotic Cells
(Pre-Kernel)
Eukaryotic Cells
(True Kernel)
Definition:
Definition:
Size Range:
Size Range:
Domain: Bacteria,
Archaea, Eukarya?
Domain: Bacteria, Archaea,
Eukarya?
Examples:
Examples:
Next Assignment
What are the two types of cells?
Create a T-Chart to compare and contrast them.
Prokaryotic Cells
(Pre-Kernel)
No membrane bound nucleus
.1 – 10 um (smallest)
Bacteria/Archaea
Examples: Bacteria
Basic Parts: Cytoplasm,
Nucleoid Region, Ribosomes,
Cell membrane
Next Assignment
What are the two types of cells?
Create a T-Chart to compare and contrast them.
Eukaryotic Cells
(True Kernel)
Definition: Nucleus
Size Range: 10-100 um (larger,
more complex)
Domain: Eukarya
Examples: Plants and Animals
Review Scientists and The Cell
Theory
Review and correct your notes!
The First Cells
• Seeing is believing – Without the proper
instruments, we didn’t know cells existed
– 1665 Robert Hooke: Compound Microscope
• Slice of cork, a plant material
• Looked like tiny empty chambers “cells”
– Leeuwenhoek: Single-lens microscope
• “Animalcules” = Bacteria
Development of The Cell Theory
Schleiden – All plants are made of cells
Schwann –
all animals are made of cells
Virchow – cells come from other cells
Do we understand the lesson?
Complete the 3.1 Online Self Check:
1. Login: My.hrw.com
2. Click Student Resources
3. Upper Left: Click Student Premium
3. Upper Left: Chapter 3 – Section 1: GO!
4. Interactive Review
5. Self Check
6. Choose and complete 3.1
Please show me your score
before moving on.
Homework
• Finish labeling and coloring the diagrams
10/17/16 Monday
Agenda
• Review Questions
• Why are cells small? Demo and Notes
• Check color coding activity
• Notes: Organelles and Microscopes
HW: Study vocabulary.
Warm-Up and Review!
1. The invention of the ____________ made the discovery of cells
possible.
2. Robert Hooke used the name ______ to refer to the tiny empty
chambers he saw when he observed magnified cork.
3. The two main types of cells we will be discussing in class are
___________ and ________.
4. The _________ __________ combines conclusions made by
Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow’s work.
5. A typical cell ranges from ________ to _______ in size.
Why do cells have to
be so small?!
Surface Area to Volume Ratios
1. There are multiple chemical reactions that take place
within a cell
Larger the volume = The more reactions
2. The greater the surface area the more materials that can
enter or leave at one time.
Surface Area to Volume Ratios
3. As a cell grows….. The Surface Area to Volume ratio
decreases. The volume inside becomes bigger than the
surface area.
4. At some point when growing…. The Surface Area becomes so
small it can’t supply/get rid of materials effectively
5. At this point the cell cannot get larger.
This is why cells stay small!!!
Organelles – Separate Powerpoint
• Pd 1: Tuesday – Go over diagrams
– Finish checks on the
chart
– Parts of Microscope
– Begin Lab
Tuesday - October 18, 2016
Agenda:
• Review Microscope Parts
• Microscope Lab – Due at the bell
Animal
Cell wall
Plant
Bacteria
x
Sometimes
Cell mb
x
x
x
Cytoplasm
x
x
X
Cytoskel
x
X
Nucleus
x
X
ER
x
X
Ribosomes
x
x
Golgi
x
X
Vesicles
x
X
Mitochondria
x
X
Chloroplast
X
Vacuole
X small
Lysosome
X
Centriole
x
X large
x
Plant Cells
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
SER
Golgi
Vacuole
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
7. RER
8. Cell mb
9. Cell wall
10. Chloroplast
11. Nucleolus
12. Nucleus
13. Nuclear MB
Total Magnification
= Ocular Lens x Objective
Wednesday 10/19/2016
Do Now:
Pd 1 Prok. Labels
Agenda
• Finish Microscope Lab
• Online Cell labeling
practice
• Organelle Graphic
Organizer
Ch 3 Quiz on 10/24
10/20/16
Thursday
Agenda:
• Labeling Cell Worksheet
• 3.2 Self Check (Chrome)
• Cell City Poster
Do Now:
WarmUp and Review
Question Worksheet
Ch 3 Quiz on 10/24
Friday 10/21/16
Agenda:
1. Cell Labeling Practice
2. PP Review Questions
3. Finish Cell City Poster –
Due at the bell
Ch 3 Quiz on
Monday 10/24
Cell Simulation
Creating Plant and Animal Cells
Sepup
The structure most responsible for
maintaining cell homeostasis is the
a. Cytoplasm
b. Mitochondrion
c. Cell wall
d. Plasma membrane
What is the importance of a large
surface area to volume ratio?
If a cell contains a nucleus, it must
be a(n)
a. Plant cell
b. Eukaryotic cell
c. Animal cell
d. Prokaryotic cell
In which of the following pairs are
the terms NOT related?
A. Nucleus—DNA
B. Chloroplasts—chlorophyll
C. Flagella—chromatin
D. Cell wall—cellulose
** Which of the following organelles
are enclosed in a double
membrane?
A. Nucleus
B. Chloroplast
C. Mitochondria
D. All of the above
Bacterial cells are prokaryotic; in
comparison to a typical eukaryotic
cell they would
a. be smaller.
b. have a smaller nucleus.
c. lack a plasma membrane.
d. have fewer internal membranous compartments.
e. have a greater variety of organelles.
You would expect a cell with an
extensive Golgi apparatus to
a. make a lot of ATP.
b. secrete a lot of material.
c. move actively.
d. perform photosynthesis.
e. store large quantities of food
Matching: Scientists that contributed to the cell theory.
1. Robert Hooke
2. Theodore Schwann
3. Rudolf Virchow
4. Leeuwenhoek
5. Schleiden
a. While observing cork found small structures he named cells
b. Concluded all plants were all made of cells
c. First to observe bacteria under a microscope “animalcules”
d. Concluded all animals were made of cells
e. Discovered all living cells come from other living cells.
Mon 10.24.16
Agenda:
Quiz 3.1 and 3.2
Independent Notes: Transport