Transcript Cells and Systems Characteristics of Living Things Some

Cells and Systems
Characteristics of Living Things
Some characteristics of living things is Growth, it requires an organism to consume
food from their environment and distribute the through-out its body to give it strength in
the places needed. Soon the organism will have a pattern for building up and slimming
down areas of its structure.
They also must reproduce, reproducing is like making copies of yourself so your
species can live longer. There is Asexual reproduction which means only one “parent” is
needed. So the result is usually identical to the parent cell. There is also sexual
reproduction which has two “parents” and they both chip in to making a brand new
individual which means a whole new combination of an identity can be created.
They also must adapt incase of something drastic changing to there ecosystem, adapting
is to change your way of life when something happens and you have to change if animals
couldn’t adapt many would not last and we’d be without some important suppliers of
food!
They must exchange gases, gas exchange is a process when gases are taken in and are
switched with another gas like humans for an example we take in oxygen and breathe out
carbon dioxide, most plants will take in carbon dioxide and exchange it for oxygen if they
didn’t do this for us we would not be breathing at all!
What is Cell Theory
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Cell theory is the theory that states that all living things are made up of one or more cells and
cells are the basic unit of the functions and structures in all living organisms. A man named Robert
Hooke discovered the first cell in 1665, he looked under a coarse compound microscope he saw
looked at a cork and saw small little pores that he said looked like compartments that a monk would
live in and because of the recognition he called them cells. The first person to ever make a compound
microscopes name was Zacharias Jansen but the person to actually see a live cell under a microscope
was Antoine Van Leeuwenhoek. Cell theory is still the same today no matter how small or big or
simple and complex it will be the same for all. Today cells are still a big thing they can give us
information about all life forms and because all cells come from cells scientists can study them to
learn more about growth, and reproduction.
Microscopes!!!
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek made the first
microscope. Since then technology and design
has improved to light microscopes. light
microscopes can see up to 2000x and
electronic microscopes can see up to 2 000
000x. Beams of electrons are used instead of
light and displayed on a screen.
What is the Basic Unit of All
Life?
All living things called organisms have something in
common. All organisms, from the smallest to the largest,
are made of cells. A cell is the basic unit of life. It is the
smallest unit of a living organism that is capable of life.
A cell is the smallest unit of living matter there is and
each one must be able to carry out the processes of life.
Within cells, there are structures that work together to
allow the cell to live. Some structures deliver materials
throughout the cell. Other structures make food and
others let go energy for the cell to use.
Living Things
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2 Categories of living things would be unicellular and multicellular. Some unicellular organisms
would be a paramecium and a multicellular organism would be a human!
A unicellular organism means only one cell, most unicellular organisms are microscopic
although there are a few that can be seen by the naked eye. You can trace some unicellular
organisms bat about 3.8 billion years ago! In order for them to stay alive they must go through
processes of survival, like photosynthesis, chemotrophy (organisms that obtain energy , by
oxidation of electron donors in their environment.)
Also heterotrophy, something that uses organic carbon to grow. Some unicellular organisms
have something called flagella which is like little tails they use for locomotion. Unicellular
organisms vary in size some can be as small as a third of a micron(which you would need an
electron microscope to see) and 20cm!
There is also multicellular organisms. There are close to two million multicellular species
Structure in cells
living
things
have
single
cellular
(paramecium and
viruses) these are smaller and less
complex.
Both humans and plants have
multi cellular cells, these are more
complex and are larger in size.
Plant and Animal Cells: Whats the Differences?
plant
animal
plant have choroplasts because it is needed to make
photosynthesis and animals don't need
photosynthesis so they don’t have choroplasts. Plant
have a cell wall for support and animals don't
because they have a skeleton.
Why are Cells so Small
Cells are small because if a cell was big it would take a lot of
food and make a lot waste.
Produce a lot of waste
Need more supplies and space
Do Cells Get Bigger?
We get more cells, cells don’t
get bigger.
How Do Cells Get Fluid and Minerals?
diffusion is a process in which material, like fluids,
move in and and out of a cell; but only certain materials
can move through the selectively permeable cell
membrane.
nutrients can move from higher concentration outside to
the inside to an area of low concentration; this is called
diffusion. this is also used when removing wastes from
the cells the wastes go from high concentration inside
to low concentration outside.
Four Special Human Cells!
Four special human cells are
muscle cells, skin cells, nerve cells,
and bone cells.
Muscle Cells
1. Muscle cells are elongated
and they help us move your
body
Skin Cells
2. Skin cells are flat and brick
shaped. They form a protective
layer on the outside to protect the
inside
Nerve Cells
3. Nerve Cells are branch like and
long. They deliver messages to our
bodies
Bone Cells
Bone Cell are every thick and they provide suppo
Presented by
Alyssa
Abby
Crystal
Rebekah