Transcript Cox-AASHE_2009 - California State University, Northridge

Climate Action Planning At
CSUN:
A Participatory
Incrementalist Approach
Helen Cox
[email protected]
Associate Professor
California State University, Northridge
AASHE 2009, Indianapolis, IN
CSUN’s Greening Plan
Sustainably Manage Resources
•
Energy use/Carbon dioxide emissions
•
Transportation/Commuting
•
Waste & Recycling
•
Water
•
Food services
Greening Plan
Energy use/Carbon dioxide emissions
Classical GHG inventory includes:
Direct emissions
• mobile combustion sources (cars, trucks, etc.)
owned by CSUN and used to move product or
people
• combustion sources used to produce
electricity, steam, heating or cooling
Indirect emissions resulting from:
• purchased and consumed electricity
• purchased and consumed heating and cooling
Carbon footprint for entire CSU
450,000
400,000
350,000
CO2 Emissions (Metric Tonnes)
Propane
Marine Gas Oil
300,000
Campus CNG Therms
Campus CNG Gal
250,000
Campus Gasoline
Campus Diesel
Voyager CNG
200,000
Voyager Gasoline
Voyager Diesel
Purchased Power
150,000
Purchased Cogen
Non-Cogen Natural Gas
Cogen Natural Gas
100,000
50,000
0
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Total CSU emissions for 2006 were 402,019 tonnes of CO2 = 1.06
tonnes/full-time equivalent student.
GHG Inventory – CSU Northridge
30,000
1994 Northridge Earthquake
CO2 Emissions (Metric Tonnes)
25,000
20,000
Campus Gas
Campus Die
15,000
Voyager Gas
Voyager Die
Purchased P
Non-Cogen N
10,000
5,000
0
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Total CSUN emissions for 2006 were 22,641 tonnes, 4,021 tonnes less than in 1990.
CSUN’s Carbon Footprint
1.4
CO2 emissions (tonnes) / FTE
1.2
CO2 emissions (tonnes)
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
CSU CO2 Emissions, 2006
GHG Inventory – CSU Northridge
Total CSUN emissions for 2006 were 15% less than in
1990.
Why?
CSUN physical plant management has been
extremely innovative in finding ways to reduce
energy costs for a number of years….
CSUN’s Fuel Cell Plant
Generates 8,333,000
kilowatt hours of
electricity, annually
(18% of the total campus
demand load).
Has a combined heat and power efficiency of 83%.
Produces no NOx, CO, SOx, volatile organic compounds or particulate
emissions. Conventional generation produces 25 lbs of emissions per
megawatt hour whereas the CSUN Fuel Cell produces only 0.1 lbs of
these emissions.
http://www-admn.csun.edu/ppm/fuel-cell.html
CSUN’s Fuel Cell Plant
The first institution
in the world to have
a grid connected fuel
cell plant.
The first institution
in the world to self
install a 1 megawatt
fuel cell plant.
The only fuel cell plant in the world which recycles the satellite
central plant emissions for the purpose of research and academic
operations of a greenhouse.
http://www-admn.csun.edu/ppm/fuel-cell.html
CSUN’s Subtropical Rainforest
Rain forest has 8 cooling
towers placed
strategically throughout
the forest.
The 6.3 Gal per/hour
(9,000 + Gal per/day) of
waste water from the
Fuel Cell is collected in
a 12,000 gal storage
tank and used to irrigate
the rain forest through a
Gravity Flow System.
Utilizing nearly 100% of the waste stream from the fuel cell and
satellite chiller plant as its only support. Unifies technology and
nature to maximize the sustainable aspect of an already cutting edge
technological power and heating/cooling plant.
http://www-admn.csun.edu/ppm/rainforest.html
CSUN’s Subtropical Rainforest
The warm, humid air is
drawn down through the
towers and pumped out
during the day (during
photosynthesis) to help
the plants grow bigger
and faster.
BioChar is added to the soil to promote growth of the tropical plants. The
BioChar also assists in the natural collection of CO2 from the atmosphere into
the soil as well as promoting plant growth and the natural consumption of the
CO2 by the foliage.
http://www-admn.csun.edu/ppm/rainforest.html
CSUN’s Photovoltaic Project
One of the largest solar
electric installations at a
public university in
California, the $1.8 million
photovoltaic project was
developed through a
partnership with the
university's Physical Plant
Management, Los Angeles
Department of Water and
Power (LADWP), Southern
California Gas Company
and Shell Solar Industries.
The installation of more than 3,000 solar panels at Cal State Northridge in 2003,
is expected to save the university more than $50,000 annually in energy costs
while at the same time contributing to a cleaner environment.
http://www-admn.csun.edu/ppm/photovoltaic.htm
CSUN’s Photovoltaic Project
The Photovoltaic Project
represents an excellent
example of the
collaborative work between
academic and
administrative divisions of
the University, namely the
College of Engineering and
Computer Science and
Physical Plant Management,
as well as a model
partnership between
LADWP, Southern California
Gas Company, Shell Solar
Industries and CSUN.
The 3,024 Shell solar modules, which are doubling as shading in student parking
can generate 75 watts of power each, producing a peak generating capacity of
225 kilowatts. Much of this power will be generated exactly when it is needed
most between 1 and 5 p.m. during summer months.
http://www-admn.csun.edu/ppm/photovoltaic.htm
Greening Plan
1. Carbon dioxide emissions
Classical GHG inventory does not include:
Indirect emissions resulting from:
• employee and student commuting
•production and waste cycles of products
consumed on campus, including food and water
Carbon sequestration from vegetation on campus
Quantifying and reducing these emissions is one of
the primary projects being carried out by CSUN’s
Institute for Sustainability
Transportation –Commuting
A GIS is used to geocode (map) student addresses from a database
and distances to CSUN are calculated. Enrollment data is used to find
the # of days per week each student commutes and survey data is
used to estimate average vehicle mpg and # of passengers.
Offsetting CO2 emissions - trees
• Carbon dioxide is sequestered from the
atmosphere and stored in biomass by trees.
• The amount sequestered depends on the tree
growth rate, which is determined by the climate,
amount of water, age and species.
• Trees provide shading over buildings which
reduces the energy needed for AC.
• A tree inventory is being carried out to quantify
these amounts using a GIS and USFS software.
Tree Inventory
CSUN students
have tagged,
mapped,
measured and
identified approx.
3600 trees on
campus between
May and July,
2009.
Trees – a sample of mapping on campus
Trees – mapping
Trees – tagging
Trees – tagging
Trees – measuring
Trees – CUFR Tree Carbon Calculator
Trees – CUFR Tree Carbon Calculator
Input to this calculator is provided through a macro,
and output from the cells (above) is extracted by a
macro and stored in fields in the tree features.
(The program takes several hours to loop through all
3600 trees.)
Trees – in Google Earth
Developing a Campus GIS
All surfaces and buildings are mapped, and data is
stored in a geodatabase.
This allows for storage of information about:
green space
trees
water use
locations of hardscape and paths
hot spots (thermal imagery)
recycling locations
buildings
energy use
and planning of
vegetable garden
bicycle paths
van/car pools
GIS Building data
CAD data were
obtained from the
campus architect and
spatially referenced in
ArcGIS.
GIS Building data
Buildings are classified
by type.
Energy/Electricity
There is currently no metering on individual
buildings – but a grant proposal has been
submitted to facilitate this next year.
Need for energy audits of existing buildings
Water
Water Audits
Rainwater/Stormwater
capture
• cisterns,
bioswales, porous
pavement
Gray water recycling
• retrofitting of
facilities
Water conservation
• signage,
education,
outreach
• competitions
Recycling and Waste
Waste audits
• Expand recycling program
Material use
audits
Conservation
programs
Green
Purchasing
Recycling and Waste
CSUN Waste Sort, 2009
Food
Support a local food movement
• Establish a weekly Farmers Market
(awaiting approval from President)
• Create campus community gardens
• Shift toward seasonal menus in
dining halls and on campus
restaurants
• Offer research opportunities related
to food
Research sources and distribution of food
served on campus
Thank You!
Ashwani Vasishth
[email protected]
Consultant, Core Greening Team
Erica Wohldmann
[email protected]
Assistant Professor
Helen Cox
[email protected]
Associate Professor
California State University, Northridge
Presented at:
AASHE 2009, Indianapolis, IN