Transcript Cellular Respiration PPt

Regents Biology
2006-2007
Photosynthesis:
Life from Light and Air
Regents Biology
2006-2007
Regents Biology
Regents Biology
Plants are energy producers
 Like animals, plants need energy to live

unlike animals, plants don’t need to eat
food to make that energy
 Plants make both FOOD & ENERGY
animals are consumers
 plants are producers

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How do plants make energy & food?
 Plants use the energy from the sun
to make ATP energy
 to make sugars

 glucose, sucrose, cellulose, starch, & more
sun
ATP
sugars
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Breaking Down Food For Energy
Autotrophs are
organisms that use
energy from sunlight
or from chemical
bonds in inorganic
substances to make
organic compounds.
Heterotrophs are
organisms that must
consume other
organisms as food to
get their energy.
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Building plants from sunlight & air
 Photosynthesis
2 separate processes
sun
 ENERGY building reactions

 collect sun energy
 use it to make ATP

ATP
SUGAR building reactions
 take the ATP energy
 collect CO2 from air &
H2O from ground
 use all to build sugars
carbon dioxide
water
+ HO
CO
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2
2
H2O
+
CO2
sugars
C6H12O6
sugars
Using light & air to grow plants
 Photosynthesis
using sun’s energy to make ATP
 using CO2 & water to make sugar
 in chloroplasts
 allows plants to grow
 makes a waste product

 oxygen (O2)
(ATP) = used to build the sugar
carbon
sun
+ water + energy  glucose + oxygen
dioxide
6CO2 + 6H2O + sun  C6H12O6 + 6O2
energy
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What do plants need to grow?
 The “factory” for making
energy & sugars

sun
chloroplast
 Fuels
CO2
sunlight
 carbon dioxide
 water
Make ATP!
Make sugar!
I can do it all…
And no one
even notices!

 The Helpers

enzymes
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H2O
ATP
enzymes
sugars
Photosynthesis
sun
ENERGY
building
reactions
ATP
ADP
SUGAR
building
reactions
H2O
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used immediately
to synthesize sugars
sugar
CO2
Chloroplasts are only in plants
animal cells
plant cells
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Chloroplasts
Leaf
absorb
sunlight & CO2
Leaves
sun
CO2
Chloroplasts
in cell
Chloroplast
Chloroplasts
contain
Chlorophyll
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Chloroplast
make
ENERGY & SUGAR
So what does a plant need?
 Bring In
light
 CO2
 H2O

leaves
 Let Out

shoot
O2
 Move Around

sugars
roots
6CO2 + 6H2O + light  C6H12O6 + 6O2
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energy
Leaf Structure
cuticle
epidermis
vascular bundle (vein)
xylem (water)
phloem (sugar)
palisades
layer
spongy
layer
epidermis
cuticle
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stomata
guard
cells
xylem (water)
Transpiration
O2 H O
2
 CO2 in
 O2 out
 water out
 so itBiology
gets
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CO2
stomata
O2 H2O
to leaves from roots
CO2
guard
cells
Transpiration
 Water evaporates from
the stomata in the
leaves

pulls water up from
roots
 water molecules stick
to each other

more water is pulled
up tree from ground
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Function of Leaf Structures
 Cuticle

waxy coating reduces water loss
 Epidermis

skin protecting leaf tissues
 Palisades layer

high concentration of chloroplasts
 collecting sun’s energy

photosynthesis
 making ATP & sugars
 Spongy layer

air spaces
 gas exchange
 CO2 in for sugar production, remove waste O2
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Stomates & Guard Cells
 Function of stomata



CO2 in
O2 out
H2O out
 gets to leaves for photosynthesis
 Function of guard cells

open & close stomata
guard cell
stomata
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Guard cells & Homeostasis
 Homeostasis

keeping the internal
environment of the
plant balanced
 Stomata open

let CO2 in
 needed to make sugars

let H2O out
 needed for photosynthesis

let O2 out
 get rid of waste product
 Stomata close

if too much H2O evaporating
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Xylem
carry water up from roots
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Phloem: food-conducting cells
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 carry sugars around the plant
wherever they are needed
 new leaves
 fruit & seeds
 roots
How are they connected?
Respiration
glucose + oxygen  carbon + water + energy
dioxide
C6H12O6 +
6O2
 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
Photosynthesis
carbon
sun
+ water + energy  glucose + oxygen
dioxide
6CO2 + 6H2O + light  C6H12O6 + 6O2
energy
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Energy cycle
sun
Photosynthesis
plants
CO2
glucose
H2O
sugars
animals, plants
Cellular Respiration
The Great Circle
of Life!
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ATP
O2
Another view…
capture
light energy
sun
Photosynthesis
synthesis
producers, autotrophs
CO2
waste
organic
O2
molecules waste
H2O
waste
food
consumers, heterotrophs
digestion
Cellular Respiration
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release
chemical energy
ATP
Another perspective
 All of the solid material of every plant
was built out of thin air
 All of the solid material of every animal
was built from plant material
air
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Then all the cats, dogs,
mice, people & elephants…
are really strands of air woven
together by sunlight!
sun
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