Transcript Kingdom Protista

Kingdom Protista
Fidgety little critters!
Protista
What is a Protist?
• Eukaryotic
– Has a nucleus!
• Mostly single celled
• Classified by:
– MOVEMENT
– OBTAIN FOOD
• Animal-like:
– Heterotrophic
• Plant-like:
– Autotrophic (have chloroplasts)
• Fungus-like:
– Parasitic/Decomposers
– REPRODUCE
Protozoa = animal like protista
• EX: Paramecium
• Single-celled
heterotrophs that
can move
Animal-like Protists:
Sarcodinia
• Movement:
– By pseudopods:
• Little blobs of cytoplasm
• Means “Fake Feet”
• Consumer Nutrition:
– Surround meal and bring into food
vacuole
• Phagocytosis!
• Reproduction:
– Binary Fission
• Organism:
– Amoeba amoeba
Animal-like Protists: Ciliates
• Movement:
– By cilia:
• Little “hairs” that beat like
oars
• Consumer Nutrition:
– Food is swept in by cilia to
GULLET
– Contractile vacuoles
collect and “spit out” water
• Reproduction:
– Binary fission AND
conjugation
• Organism:
– Paramecium caudatum,
Stentor coeruleus,
Blepharisma
Stentor
Cilia
Mouth
Gullet
Contractile
Vacuole
Food Vacuole
Paramecium
• Use an oral groove
•
•
•
•
(mouth) to obtain food.
Contractile vacuole is
used to pump out water
Food vacuole – storage
pocket for food (like a
stomach)
Anal Pore – disposes of
waste
Pellicle – membrane
covering that protects the
paramecium (like skin)
Plant-like Protists: Flagellates
(Volvox)
• No roots, stems, or leaves
• Colonial organism:
– Hundreds of individual cells “live”
together
• Movement:
– Long, whip-like flagella
– Whole colony moves together!
• Nutrition:
– Autotrophic - photosynthesis
– Contain chloroplasts! (Hence
green color!)
• Reproduction:
– Binary fission
Volvox
Euglenophytes: The plant-like
animal protist
• NO CELL WALL:
– Has pellicle (skin like)
• MOVEMENT:
– TWO flagella
• NUTRITION:
– Autotrophic (chloroplasts)
– Can be heterotrophic when no
sunlight!
– Red spot helps organism to
find sunlight
• REPRODUCTION:
– By binary fission
• ORGANISM:
– Euglena
Also called eyespot
Diatoms – plant like Protista
• Unicellular
• Glass-like
• Cell wall containing
silica
Spirogyra – plant like
• Contains chloroplast in a
•
•
•
spiral setting
Green algae
Most of the interior cell is
a large central vacuole
Reproduce asexually
through fragmentation
or sexually through
conjugation
Seaweed
• Large, multicellular
marine algae
• Photosynthetic
• Can be red, brown
or green
• Can be 100’s feet
long
Fungus-like Protista –
decompose organic matter
• Slime molds and
water molds are
fungus like
– Slime molds are
both fungus like
and animal like
• Decompose like
fungus
• Can move like
animals
Slime molds can be plasmodial
or cellular
• Plasmodial slime
molds are giant
cells with many
nuclei
• Cellular slime
molds contain
independent cells