Transcript Pulmonary Rehab Nutrition Education

Eat right, breathe easy
Today’s Agenda
COPD,
Macronutrients,
and You
Foods to Avoid
Foods to
Choose
Healthful
Habits
COPD, Macronutrients,
and You
Balancing calories in order to improve health
Proper Nutrition
Often need
more calories
than other
people do
Because their
bodies need
more energy
simply to
breathe
People
with
COPD
Finding a
calorie balance
is crucial to
living with
COPD.
Healthy Diet
• Your muscles may use 10X the calories
as compared to someone without
COPD
• Healthy diet fights infection
• But balance calories for healthy weight,
too
Protein
It can even
stave off the
muscle loss that
accompanies
COPD.
Get at least 3
servings of lean
protein foods
each day.
Protein
keeps your
muscles
strong.
Protein Foods to Choose
•
•
•
•
•
Lean meat
Fish
Lean poultry
Eggs
Low-fat or nonfat
milk and cheese
•
•
•
•
•
Beans
Lentils
Nuts and seeds
Nut butters
Low-fat or nonfat
yogurt
Carbohydrates
• Carbohydrates often provide the fuel
that your body needs for physical
activity.
• However, you should eat carbs
sparingly, since digesting carbohydrates
produces extra carbon dioxide.
• Make your carbs count!
Simple Carbohydrates
• Simple carbs digest quickly.
• They don’t offer nearly as many
nutrients or as much fiber as complex
carbohydrates.
• Steer clear of simple carbohydrates
when possible.
Complex Carbohydrates
• Complex carbs take longer to digest
than simple carbs.
• They often have more nutrients and
fiber than simple carbohydrates.
Choosing Carbohydrates
Carbs to avoid…
• Processed grain
foods
• Sugary drinks
• Cakes, cookies, and
other sweet baked
goods
• Candy and syrups
Carbs to choose…
• Whole grain foods
• Fresh fruit and
vegetables
• Brown rice
• Unsweetened
cereals
Fat
• Fat provides fuel for your body, with
less carbon dioxide than carbs produce.
• Some fats are better for you than
others.
Bad Fats
• Saturated fats are usually solid at room
temperature and are EXTREMELY bad
for your health, especially your heart.
• Trans fats usually hide out in processed
foods and also endanger your health.
Steer Clear of Bad Fats
Saturated fats are
found in…
• Animal products
– Fatty cuts of meat
– Processed meat
– Butter, cheese,
cream, milk, yogurt
• Tropical oils
– Coconut & palm oils
– Cocoa butter
Trans fats are found
in many…
• Processed foods
– Crackers and chips
– Cookies and most
other store-bought
baked goods
• Fried foods
• Stick margarine
Good Fats
• Monounsaturated fats and
polyunsaturated fats are good for you,
in moderation.
• Choose these instead of saturated or
trans fats.
Choosing Good Fats
• Nuts
• Vegetable oils
– Olive oil, canola oil, sunflower oil, etc
• Fatty fish
– Salmon, herring, trout, etc
• Avocados
• These are naturally occurring in
vegetables, nuts and fish
Macronutrient Quiz
• Which macronutrient produces the most
carbon dioxide when digested?
A) Protein
B) Carbohydrates
C) Fats
D) Fiber
• True or false? Plant products are
usually great sources of healthy fats.
Macronutrient Quiz
• Which macronutrient produces the most
carbon dioxide when digested?
A) Protein
C) Fats
B) Carbohydrates D) Fiber
• True or false? Plant products are
usually great sources of healthy fats.
Foods to Avoid
Steer Clear of Sodium
• Sodium makes your body retain fluid,
which can make it harder for people
with COPD to breathe.
• Cut down on high-sodium foods.
• Use herbs and spices to add flavor to
food instead of using the salt shaker.
Steer Clear of Sodium
Avoid these high-sodium foods…
* Boxed meals
* Fast foods
* Canned foods
* Frozen foods
* Cheeses
* Lunch meats
* Condiments
* Pickled foods
Sodium Hides
Did you know that
75% of all sodium
consumed is
“second hand
sodium”?
It is often found in
prepared foods in
the grocery store
and restaurants
It is in frozen,
canned and boxed
foods
Avoid Gas
• Avoid foods that make you gassy or
bloated.
• These symptoms can make it harder for
your diaphragm to fully extend, which in
turn makes it harder for people with
COPD to breathe.
Avoid Gas
Avoid these gas and bloat bombs…
* Apples
* Corn
* Beans
* Onions
* Broccoli
* Peppers
* Brussels sprouts
* Turnips
* Cabbage
* Cauliflower
Sometimes Sweets
People with COPD
often take some kind
of steroid to combat
their symptoms.
Steroids can raise
blood glucose levels,
so it’s important to cut
down on sweets when
taking a steroid.
Sometimes Sweets
Make these sweets a rare treat…
* Cake
* Pie
* Candy
* Soda
* Cookies
* Sugars
* Donuts
* Sugary cereals
* Jams or jellies
* Sugary drinks
* Pastries
* Syrups
Bad Foods Quiz!
• People with COPD should avoid foods
that _____.
A) Are high in sugar C) Are high in sodium
B) Make them bloated D) All of the above
• True or false? Fresh meats are high in
sodium.
Bad Foods Quiz!
• People with COPD should avoid foods
that _____.
A) Are high in sugar
C) Are high in sodium
B) Make them bloated D) All of the above
• True or false? Fresh meats are high in
sodium.
Foods to Choose
People with COPD should
increase their consumption of
these foods
Potassium
• Some of the medicines that combat
COPD cause the body to lose
potassium.
• Therefore, people with COPD should
eat extra potassium.
Sources of Potassium
Try these tasty sources of potassium…
* Apricots (dried)
* Oranges
* Avocados
* Peanuts
* Bananas
* Potatoes
* Dates
* Raisins
* Greens
* Squash
* Mushrooms (fresh) * Yams
Fluids
• Drinking water keeps mucus thin, which
in turn makes it harder for mucus to
build up and inhibit breathing.
• Drink plenty of fluids.
Fluid Schedule
Drink 8-10 glasses
of water per day.
Spread your drink
consumption out
evenly -- don’t drink
too much at once.
Only drink a little bit
with meals.
Remember MyPlate
• To maintain good health, eat a balanced
diet that consists of…
– Whole grains and other complex carbs
– Lean protein and fatty fish
– Fresh fruits and vegetables (minus gassy
ones)
– Mono- and polyunsaturated fats
– Low-fat or nonfat dairy
Healthful Foods Quiz
• Which of the following is not a good
source of potassium?
– A) Avocados
– B) Bananas
C) Blueberries
D) Oranges
• True or false? Drinking water makes
mucus thick, which can then inhibit
breathing.
Healthful Foods Quiz
• Which of the following is not a good
source of potassium?
– A) Avocados
– B) Bananas
C) Blueberries
D) Oranges
• True or false? Drinking water makes
mucus thick, which can then inhibit
breathing.
Healthful Habits
Make smart choices in order to
ease the symptoms of COPD
Time Meals Carefully
• Have several small meals instead of
one or two large ones each day.
• This will keep the stomach from
distending and pressing up against the
diaphragm, which makes it harder to
breathe.
Time Meals Carefully
Rest before each
meal to avoid
becoming overtired.
Eat slowly and
chew your food
thoroughly.
Avoid Painful Behaviors
• Steer clear of carbonated drinks like
beer or soda.
• Skip using a straw.
• Don’t bother with chewing gum.
Keep It Simple
• Choose recipes that are simple to
make.
• When you eat, sit up straight. This will
allow your lungs and diaphragm to keep
working properly.
• Ask for help if you need it.
Healthy Habits Quiz
• Avoid painful behaviors, like _____.
A) Using a straw
B) Chewing food well
C) Sitting up
D) Eating slowly
• True or false? Eating several small
meals per day will keep the stomach
from distending and inhibiting breathing.
Healthy Habits Quiz
• Avoid painful behaviors, like _____.
A) Using a straw
B) Chewing food well
C) Sitting up
D) Eating slowly
• True or false? Eating several small
meals per day will keep the stomach
from distending and inhibiting breathing.
Let’s Review!
COPD,
Macronutrients,
and You
Foods to Avoid
Foods to
Choose
Healthful
Habits
Thanks for Listening!