Transcript 16photosynthesis2007..

Regents Biology
2006-2007
Photosynthesis:
Life from Light and Air
Regents Biology
2006-2007
Plants are energy producers
 Like animals, plants need energy to live
 Unlike animals, plants don’t need to eat

food to make that energy
Plants make both food & energy
animals are consumers
 plants are producers

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How do plants make energy & food?
 Plants use the energy from the sun
to make ATP energy
 to make sugars

 glucose, sucrose, cellulose, starch, & more
sun
ATP
sugars
Regents Biology
Building plants from sunlight & air
 Photosynthesis
2 separate processes
 energy building reactions
sun

 collect sun energy
 use it to make ATP

ATP
sugar building reactions
 take the ATP energy
 collect CO2 from air &
H2O from ground
 use all to build sugars
carbon dioxide
water
+ HO
CO
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2
2
H2O
+
CO2
sugars
C6H12O6
sugars
Using light & air to grow plants
 Photosynthesis





using sun energy to make ATP
using carbon dioxide & water to make sugar
in chloroplast
allows plants to grows
makes a waste product
 oxygen
(ATP)
carbon
sun
+ water + energy  glucose + oxygen
dioxide
6CO2 + 6H2O + sun  C6H12O6 + 6O2
energy
Regents Biology
What do plants need to grow?
 The “factory” for making
energy & sugars

sun
chloroplast
 Fuels
CO2
sunlight
 carbon dioxide
 water
Make ATP!
Make sugar!
I can do it all…
And no one
even notices!

 The Helpers

enzymes
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H2O
ATP
enzymes
sugars
Photosynthesis
sun
energy
building
reactions
ATP
ADP
sugar
building
reactions
CO2
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sugar
Chloroplasts are only in plants
animal cells
plant cells
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Chloroplasts
Leaf
Leaf
absorb
sunlight & CO2
CO2
Chloroplasts
in cell
Chloroplast
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Chloroplasts
contain
Chlorophyll
make
energy & sugar
So what does a plant
need?
 Bring In
leaves
CO2
 H2O
 light

 Let Out

O2
 Move Around

shoot
roots
sugars
6CO2 + 6H2O + light  C6H12O6 + 6O2
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energy
Leaf Structure
cuticle
epidermis
xylem (water)
phloem (sugar)
palisades
layer
spongy
layer
stomate
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guard
cell
Transpiration
xylem (water)
O2 H O
2
CO2
stomate
 gases in & out
O2
Biology
 Regents
water
out
H 2O
CO2
guard
cell
Transpiration
 Water evaporates
from the stomates
in the leaves
water molecules
stick to each
other
 more water is
pulled up the tree

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Stomates
 Function of stomates
CO2 in
 O2 out
 H2O out

guard cell
stomate
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Xylem
carry water up from roots
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Phloem: food-conducting cells
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 carry sugars around the plant
wherever they are needed
 new leaves
 fruit & seeds
 roots
Putting it all together
 Making a living…

sunlight
 leaves = solar collectors
 photosynthesis

gases: CO2 in & O2 out
 stomates = gases in & out

H2O
 roots take in water from soil
 pulled up by leaf evaporation

nutrients
 roots take in from soil
Regents Biology
How are they connected?
Respiration
glucose + oxygen  carbon + water + energy
dioxide
C6H12O6 +
6O2
 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
Photosynthesis
carbon
sun
+ water + energy  glucose + oxygen
dioxide
6CO2 + 6H2O + light  C6H12O6 + 6O2
energy
Regents Biology
Energy cycle
sun
Photosynthesis
plants
CO2
glucose
H2O
animals, plants
Cellular Respiration
The Great Circle
of Life!
Where’s Mufasa?
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ATP
O2
The poetic perspective
 All of the solid material of every plant
was built out of thin air
 All of the solid material of every animal
was built from plant material
air
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Then all the cats, dogs,
mice, people & elephants…
are really strands of air woven
together by sunlight!
sun
Got the energy…
Ask Questions!!
Regents Biology
2006-2007
Energy needs of life
 All life needs a constant input of energy

Animals = Heterotrophs
 get their energy from “eating others”
 eat food = other organisms = organic molecules
 make energy through respiration

Plants = Autotrophs
 get their energy from “self”
 get their energy from sunlight
 build organic molecules (food) from CO2
 make energy through photosynthesis
Regents Biology
How do plants live?
 Photosynthesis

Energy building reactions
 collect sun energy
 make ATP

Sugar building reactions
 use ATP for energy
 use CO2 as carbon for new sugars
 build sugars
 glucose, cellulose, starch
 build all other organic molecules
 proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, DNA
 store energy for future use
 starch in seeds & roots
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Regents Biology
Photosynthesis
carbon + water + energy  glucose + oxygen
dioxide
6CO2 + 6H2O + light  C6H12O6 + 6O2
energy
This is the equation you are used to
seeing, but this is not the whole story…
Regents Biology