Transcript B2 Revision MATs - Hodge Hill College

Keywords: Gene, chromosomes, undifferentiated plasmid, base pairs,
B2 Topic 1 The Components of Life
This topic looks at:
• DNA in detail and how cells divide
• Genetic Issues
• Enzymes and conditions affecting them
Organisms have adapted to live in extreme environments, what are two
examples of these?
1.
2.
Draw, label and describe the function of the following cells:
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
What uses are there for genetic engineering?
Bacteria Cell
Use diagrams to show the stages in genetic engineering
STEM CELLS
What is the human genome project?
What are stem cells, how can they
be used and where do we find
them?
What are the 4 bases in DNA and
how do they pair up?
Keywords: hydrogen bonds,
Keywords: enculeated, daughter cell, parent cell, biological
B2 Topic 1 The Components of Life
This topic looks at:
• DNA in detail and how cells divide
• Genetic Issues
• Enzymes and conditions affecting them
CELL DIVISION There are 2 types of cell division. Draw the stages in each
one and state where they occur in the body
MITOSIS
CLONING Use diagrams with explanations to show how cloning occurs.
MEIOSIS
What are enzymes?
What is a catalyst?
Where are enzymes found?
What 3 things affect how an enzyme works?
Keywords: genetically identical, body cells, haploid, diploid
Sketch a graph to show how the 3 factors mentioned earlier affect how an
enzyme works.
1.
2.
3.
Keywords: Gene, chromosomes, undifferentiated plasmid, base pairs,
B2 Topic 1 The Components of Life
This topic looks at:
• DNA in detail and how cells divide
• Genetic Issues
• Enzymes and conditions affecting them
Protein Synthesis
Describe what transcription and translation are use diagrams to aid you. Use the
following key words
Which base pairs match up in DNA?
Protein Synthesis
From the single strand of DNA, follow the steps to work out the sequence of amino
acids… DON’T FORGET THAT mRNA HAS A ‘U’ INSTEAD OF ‘T’.
1. DNA=
AATGGCTTGACTCTA
mRNA =
____________________________
tRNA triplets:
______ ______ ______ ______ ______
Order of
amino
acids:
_____ ______ ______ ______ ______
2. DNA=
TGGCTAGTAAAGCTT
mRNA =
____________________________
tRNA triplets:
______ ______ ______ ______ ______
Order of
amino
acids:
_____ ______ ______ ______ ______
How many base pairs make up an amino acid?
How many amino acids are there?
Keywords: hydrogen bonds,
Keywords: Gene, chromosomes, undifferentiated plasmid, base pairs,
B2 Topic 1 The Components of Life
This topic looks at:
• DNA in detail and how cells divide
• Genetic Issues
• Enzymes and conditions affecting them
Draw, label and describe the function of the following cells:
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
What uses are there for genetic engineering?
Bacteria Cell
Use diagrams to show the stages in genetic engineering
STEM CELLS
What is the human genome project?
What are stem cells, how can they
be used and where do we find
them?
What are the 4 bases in DNA and
how do they pair up?
Keywords: hydrogen bonds,
Keywords: enculeated, daughter cell, parent cell, biological
B2 Topic 1 The Components of Life
This topic looks at:
• DNA in detail and how cells divide
• Genetic Issues
• Enzymes and conditions affecting them
CELL DIVISION There are 2 types of cell division. Draw the stages in each
one and state where they occur in the body
MITOSIS
CLONING Use diagrams with explanations to show how cloning occurs.
MEIOSIS
What are enzymes?
What is a catalyst?
Where are enzymes found?
What 3 things affect how an enzyme works?
Keywords: genetically identical, body cells, haploid, diploid
Sketch a graph to show how the 3 factors mentioned earlier affect how an
enzyme works.
1.
2.
3.
Keywords: Gene, chromosomes, undifferentiated plasmid, base pairs,
B2 Topic 1 The Components of Life
This topic looks at:
• DNA in detail and how cells divide
• Genetic Issues
• Enzymes and conditions affecting them
Protein Synthesis
Describe what transcription and translation are use diagrams to aid you. Use the
following key words
Explain how temperature effects enzyme activity.
Protein Synthesis
From the single strand of DNA, follow the steps to work out the sequence of amino
acids… DON’T FORGET THAT mRNA HAS A ‘U’ INSTEAD OF ‘T’.
1. DNA=
AATGGCTTGACTCTA
mRNA =
____________________________
2. DNA=
TGGCTAGTAAAGCTT
mRNA =
____________________________
How many base pairs make up a codon?
What is transamination?
Keywords: hydrogen bonds,
Keywords: alveoli, capillaries, oxygen, glucose,
B2 Topic 2 Organisms and Energy
How is anaerobic respiration different to aerobic respiration?
This topic looks at:
• Respiration – aerobic and anaerobic
• Photosynthesis and limiting factors
• Organisms and their environments
What is the word equation for respiration why do we need to respire?
What is diffusion? Draw a particle diagram to explain what you mean.
What is EPOC Exercise Post Oxygen Consumption?
EXERCISE
Aerobic respiration
The lungs are full of tiny air sacs called alveoli surrounded by capillaries.
Describe how oxygen enters the blood in the lungs and carbon dioxide
leaves. There is a diagram to help you.
What happens to the heart rate
and breathing rate during
exercise? Why?
It is possible to jog for five hours why
is it not possible to sprint for 5 hours?
Cardiac volume = stroke rate x heart rate
What do the following mean?
Cardiac volume =
Stroke rate =
Heart rate =
Keywords: lactic acid, exercise, muscles, energy, cramp
Keywords, glucose, starch, concentration gradient, sunlight, energy, chloroplasts
B2 Topic 2 Organisms and Energy
This topic looks at:
• Respiration – aerobic and anaerobic
• Photosynthesis and limiting factors
• Organisms and their environments
Label the different parts of a leaf and explain how each is adapted for
photosynthesis
What is the word equation for photosynthesis and why do plants do it?
Which factors affect the rate of photosynthesis?
Osmosis What is osmosis and why dies it occur. Draw particle diagrams
to explain your answers.
If the stomata on a leaf is
blocked why will the plant die?
Keywords: chlorophyll, stomata, guard cell, waxy cuticle, gas diffusion,
Which part of the plant is responsible
for photosynthesis? Draw a cell of this
below
Keywords: high concentration, low concentration, concentration gradient, water movement
B2 Topic 2 Organisms and Energy
How does the environment affect organisms living in it?
This topic looks at:
• Respiration – aerobic and anaerobic
• Photosynthesis and limiting factors
• Organisms and their environments
What carries
a)Water and salts around the plant?
What are the following objects used for?
b) Glucose around the plant?
What is active transport, how is it different to diffusion and osmosis?
Osmosis What is osmosis and why dies it occur. Draw particle diagrams
to explain your answers.
Transpiration How is water moved around the plants? (Hint keywords;
evaporation, diffusion, xylem).
How are root hair cells adapted for absorption?
Keywords: partially permeable membrane, water molecules, water vapour
Keywords: oxygenated blood, deoxygenate blood, energy, walls, plasma, haemoglobin
B2 Topic 3 Common systems
This topic looks at:
• Fossils and evolution
• The heart, blood and circulation
• Digestion
What are the main components of blood and what do they do, add pictures to
each component.
What is a fossil?
Why are there gaps in the fossil record?
Growth in animals involved cell division what is the name for this?
What are arteries, veins and capillaries. Describe and draw each below
Stem cells are formed, what are these? How are they different from
specialised cells?
Label this diagram of the heart
Keywords: muscle, growth,
Describe the route of the blood around the heart.
Keywords: gall bladder, oesophagus, kidney, liver, small intestine, large intestine
B2 Topic 3 Common systems
Label the digestive system and explain what each does.
This topic looks at:
• Fossils and evolution
• The heart, blood and circulation
• Digestion
Why does food need to be broken down?
What are the main food groups?
Growth in animals involved cell division what is the name for this?
Stem cells are formed, what are these? How are they different from
specialised cells?
For each food group label what it needs to be broken down into and the
enzyme used to break it down.
Carbohydrates 
Fats 
Proteins 
Keywords: enzymes, acidic
Explain what peristalsis is draw a diagram to aid your explanation.
Keywords: surface area, absorption, capillaries, nutrients,
B2 Topic 3 Common systems
Explain the journey of a ham and cheese sandwich through the body
This topic looks at:
• Fossils and evolution
• The heart, blood and circulation
• Digestion
What is the role of bile in the digestive system.
What are villi and why are they important in digestion?
(how does their shape affect the rate of absorption?)
What are probiotics and prebiotics?
Coeliac disease This is an disease which damages the villi in the small
intestine. What problems could this cause?
Keywords: digest, bacteria