Transcript ch 19 viral replication cycle

CLICKER QUESTIONS
For CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITION
Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson
Chapter 19
Viruses
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Questions prepared by
Christopher Gregg
Louisiana State University
Louise Paquin
McDaniel College
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Which of the following is characteristic of the
lytic cycle?
a) Viral DNA is incorporated into the host genome.
b) The virus-host relationship usually lasts for
generations.
c) A large number of phages is released at a time.
d) Many bacterial cells containing viral DNA are
produced.
e) The viral genome replicates without destroying
the host.
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What is the function of reverse transcriptase in
retroviruses?
a) It converts host cell RNA into viral DNA.
b) It hydrolyzes the host cell's DNA.
c) It uses viral RNA as a template for making
complementary RNA strands.
d) It translates viral RNA into proteins.
e) It uses viral RNA as a template for DNA
synthesis.
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What characteristics of electron microscopes
make them most useful for studying viruses?
a) high energy electrons with high penetrance
b) requirement that specimens be viewed in a
vacuum
c) necessity for specimens to be dry and fixed
d) shorter wavelengths providing higher resolution
e) use of magnetic fields to focus electrons
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Why are viruses referred to as obligate
parasites?
a) They cannot reproduce outside of a host cell.
b) Viral DNA always inserts itself into host DNA.
c) They invariably kill any cell they infect.
d) They can incorporate nucleic acids from other
viruses.
e) They must use enzymes encoded by the virus
itself.
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Which of the following is a property of life
shared by prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells,
but not viruses?
a) nucleic acids used to store hereditary information
b) order and complexity in arrangement of biological
molecules
c) the ability to process energy through metabolic
reactions
d) the capacity to evolve
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Which of the following molecules make up the
viral envelope?
a) glycoproteins
b) proteosugars
c) carbopeptides
d) peptidocarbs
e) carboproteins
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You have isolated viral particles from a patient,
but you are not sure whether they are rhinoviruses
or influenza viruses. The presence of which class
of biological molecules would allow you to
distinguish between the two types of virus?
a) RNA
b) phospholipids
c) proteins
d) glycoproteins
e) DNA
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People with nonfunctional chemokine
membrane receptors on their helper T cells as
a result of a genetic mutation are immune to
HIV infection. Why?
a) HIV cannot enter the host cell.
b) Reverse transcriptase cannot transcribe RNA to
DNA.
c) Viral mRNA cannot be transcribed from the
integrated provirus.
d) Viruses cannot bud from the host cell.
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Bacteriophages were grown in a medium
containing radioactive sulfur (35S) and radioactive
phosphorous (32P), which are incorporated into
proteins and DNA, respectively. If these phages
were used to infect a bacterial culture, which
isotope would be detected within the infected
bacteria?
a)
35S
b)
32P
c) both
d) neither
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AZT is a nucleoside analog used to treat HIV
infections. It is a thymine (T) nucleoside with an
azide group instead of the hydroxyl group found
in typical thymine nucleosides. Which step does
AZT hamper in the reproductive cycle of the HIV
virus?
a) entry into the cell
b) reverse transcription of DNA from RNA
c) transcription of RNA from proviral DNA
d) viral assembly within the cell
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You have isolated a sample from an animal
suffering from an unknown disease. Which of the
following tests would allow you to determine that
the animal has a prion disease?
a) Pass the sample through a filter to remove bacteria and
see if the filtrate is still infectious.
b) Treat the sample with nuclease and see if it is still
infectious.
c) Treat the sample with protease and see if it is still
infectious.
d) Heat the sample to normal cooking temperatures and
see if it is still infectious.
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Which of the following most likely describes the
vertical transmission of a plant virus?
a) The plant shows symptoms of disease after being grazed
on by herbivores.
b) Sap from one plant is rubbed on the leaves of a second
plant; both plants eventually show disease symptoms.
c) Seeds are planted and reared under protected
conditions, but mature plants show disease symptoms.
d) After a gardener prunes several plants with the same
shears, they all show disease symptoms.
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