Transcript Mitosis and the Cell Cycle

Mitosis and the Cell
Cycle
Cell reproduction
Discussion Questions
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
What are the two main phases that occur during the
cell cycle?
What are Interphase, Mitosis, and Cytokinesis?
Why is Interphase so important?
Create a unique mneumonic device to remember
what occurs during each step of Mitosis.
How is Cytokinesis different in plant cells and
animal?
Create a question about this topic that you don’t
know.
The Cell Cycle
The
sequence of growth and
division of a cell.
95% of cell cycle in
interphase
5% of cell cycle in mitosis
Animated Mitosis Cycle
• Interphase
• Prophase
• Metaphase
• Anaphase
• Telophase & Cytokinesis
Cell Cycle
5
Interphase
occurs before mitosis begins
•
•
Chromosomes are copied (# doubles)
Chromosomes appear as threadlike coils
(chromatin) at the start, but each
chromosome and its copy(sister
chromosome) change to sister chromatids at
end of this phase
Nucleus
CELL
MEMBRANE
Cytoplasm
Interphase
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm
Prophase
1st step in Mitosis
•
•
•
Mitosis begins (cell begins to divide)
Centrioles (or poles) appear and begin
to move to opposite end of the cell.
Spindle fibers form between the poles.
Sister chromatids
Centrioles
Spindle fibers
Prophase
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
Spindle fibers
Centrioles
Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm
Metaphase
2nd step in Mitosis
•
Chromatids (or pairs of
chromosomes) attach to the spindle
fibers.
Centrioles
Spindle fibers
Metaphase
Animal Cell
Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm
Plant Cell
Anaphase
3rd step in Mitosis
•
Chromatids (or pairs of
chromosomes) separate and begin
to move to opposite ends of the
cell.
Centrioles
Spindle fibers
Anaphase
Animal Cell
Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm
Plant Cell
Telophase
4th step in Mitosis
•
•
•
Two new nuclei form.
Chromosomes appear as chromatin
(threads rather than rods).
Mitosis ends.
Nuclei
Chromat
in
Nuclei
Telophase
Animal Cell
Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm
Plant Cell
Cytokinesis
occurs after mitosis
•
Cell membrane moves inward to create
two daughter cells – each with its own
nucleus with identical chromosomes.
Animal Mitosis -- Review
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Interphase
Plant Mitosis -- Review
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Interphase
Remembering the steps in
mitosis.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PMXatafIXc
 I - not very "I"nteresting.
P - chromosomes first a"P"pear
M - chromosomes line up in "M"iddle
A - they move "A"way
T - you have "T"wo (in mitosis)
 I Played My Accordion Today.

Cell Cycle and Mitosis Research
Questions
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
What are the two main parts of the cell cycle?
Describe the state of a cell about to start mitosis
How is the genetic material in two daughter
cells similar to the genetic material in a parent
cell?
Describe in order the steps that occur during
mitosis and cytokinesis and their major changes
that occurs.
How is cytokinesis in plant cells similar to
cytokinesis in animal cell? How is it different?
Answers
Interphase and Mitosis are the two main
parts of the cell cycle
2) Before Mitosis the cell is in interphase
and is in the process of copying the
DNA and making extra organelles for
both cells.
3) In the parent cell the genetic information
is copied and the daughter cells receive
a full set of the same DNA.
1)
Answers
4) Interphase: DNA is copied and organelles produced
Prophase: Centrioles and spindle fibers form. Centrioles move to
poles
Metaphase: DNA line up in middle of cell and spindle fibers attach
to centrioles and DNA.
Anaphaase: The DNA is pulled to different sides
Telophase: New nuclei form around the DNA.
Cytokinesis: The membranes in an animal splinch off forming two
cells. In plant cells a new cell wall forms in the middle of the parent
cell dividing the daughter cells.
Answers
5) Both plant and animal cells go through
cytokinesis which is the process by which
the cell membrane/wall separate the
cytoplasm forming two new cells. They
are different because in an animal cell the
cell membrane splinch off forming two
cells. In plant cells a new cell wall forms in
the middle of the parent cell dividing the
daughter cells.