Transcript Kroenke-DBP-e10-PPT-Chapter01

David M. Kroenke’s
Database Processing:
Fundamentals, Design, and Implementation
Chapter One: Introduction
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Today’s Objectives
• To compare & contrast information with
data
• Explain the characteristics that distinguish
the database approach from the traditional
approach of programming with data files.
• Identify major DBMS functions and
describe their role in a database system.
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Data vs. Information
• What is data?
• What is information?
SID
Name
175
Robert
Course Number
Name
102
Brian
CSCI220
Java
104
Jeff
CSCI221
Java 2
109
Michael
CSCI230
Data Structures
240
Peter
CSCI332
Database
CSCI362
Software Engineering
SID
CourseID
Grade
Semester
102
CSCI220
3.0
20037
109
CSCI332
3.5
20057
240
CSCI362
2.0
20041
240
CSCI362
3.75
20051
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Information Systems
• A system, whether automated or manual,
that comprises people, machines, and/or
methods organized to collect, process,
transmit, and disseminate data that
represent user information. ~Wikipedia
• Examples: supermarket, credit card
purchases, CougarTrail
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Traditional File Based Systems
• A collection of application programs that perform
services for the end-users such as the
production of reports. Each program defines
and manages its own data. ~Connolly & Begg
• E.g. The department’s student file cabinet.
• Effective: small files or 1 large files
• Ineffective: cross-references
• Limitations: Data duplication, data dependence
(data stored with its physical structure),
incompatible file formats
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The Database
• A database is a self-describing collection
of integrated tables
• The tables are called integrated because
they store data about the relationships
between the rows of data
• A database is called self-describing
because it stores a description of itself
• The self-describing data are called
metadata, which is data about data
DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition
© 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall
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The Characteristics of Databases
• The purpose of a database is to help people
track things of interest to them
• Data is stored in tables, which have rows and
columns like a spreadsheet. A database may
have multiple tables, where each table stores
data about a different thing
• Each row in a table stores data about an
occurrence or instance of the thing of interest
• A database stores data and relationships
DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition
© 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall
1-7
Enterprise-Class Database
Systems
DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition
© 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall
1-8
Applications, the DBMS and SQL
• Applications are the computer programs
that users work with
• The Database Management System
(DBMS) creates, processes and
administers databases
• Structured Query Language (SQL) is an
internationally recognized standard
database language that is used by all
commercial DBMSs
DAVID M. KROENKE’S DATABASE PROCESSING, 10th Edition
© 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall
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DBMS Functions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Set up storage
Load data
Accept requests from users
Format retrieved data
Deny data to unauthorized users
Accept / perform updates
Allow concurrent use of data without
interferences
8. Perform backup & recovery
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Advantages of DBMS
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•
•
•
•
•
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Control of data redundancy
Data consistency
Data integrity
Security
Improved accessibility to information
Data independence
Increased concurrency
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Information Systems
DBMS is at the heart of all modern information
systems
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David M. Kroenke’s
Database Processing
Fundamentals, Design, and Implementation
(10th Edition)
End of Presentation
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