Greece 1 COWHx
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Transcript Greece 1 COWHx
COWH
Where They Came From
Economy: Olive (oil- fuel, food, body) & Grapes
Earliest, developed
around 2000 BCE
King Minos @ Crete
• Palace @ Knossos
Famous
for frescoes
Sailors/traders
throughout islands
Knossos
Writing system: Linear B
Famous
for sports (first open arena)
• Boxing
• Bull leaping (coed)
Legend
of the
Labyrinth
• “Double-Headed Axe”
(Labrys)
• Theseus vs. Minotaur
legend
1628
BCE- Tidal
wave destroys
coastal areas
1400 BCEMycenaeans
conquer Crete
Settled in Peloponnesus
Raided by land and sea
Built walled fortress-cities
• King offered protection in exchange for goods/work
Warriors at heart
Took over Minoans; in turn fell 1200 BCE
“Agamemnon Mask”
Troy- major trading city
• Controlled route to Black Sea
Story in Iliad and Odyssey
(Homer)
• Paris (Troy) loves Helen
(Mycenaean)
• Helen taken to Troy
Mycenaean siege of Troy
for 10 years
• Wooden horse
• Odysseus’ return journey
Important role of gods and
goddesses
http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=YbiR6IMf5KQ
Plain of Troy
City-states (polis)
• City and its surrounding
•
•
•
•
lands
Independent and selfsufficient
<10,000 people, small %
were free adult males
Acropolis (hill) & agora
(marketplace)
Own gov’t, laws, currency,
calendar, etc.
Acropolis at Athens
Aristocrats- “best
men” nobles
who controlled city-state
• Only ones w/ money & power before
600s BCE
Hoplites- heavy infantry w/ spear
• Essential to city-state protection
(citizen-soldier)
• Defeated aristocrats’ horses/chariots
I am essential to city-state
defense, so I deserve fair
and just rulers!
Tyrants-
illegally took power but had
people’s support (lasted 650-500 BCE)
Overthrow led to
Popular
Gov’t- concept that people can
rule themselves
Democracy- government in which all
citizens participate (Athens)
Some return to aristocracies/monarchy
(Sparta)
VAST network of gods and goddesses
Myths created to explain the things
• Oracles- human voices of gods
Zeus
Hera
Poseidon
Hades
Demeter
Hestia
Ares
Hephaestus
Hebe
Eris
Apollo
Artemis
Dionysus
Persephone
Athena
Aphrodite
Hermes
King of Gods & Sky
Queen of Gods, Marriage, Women
Sea
Underworld
Agriculture
Hearth
War
Fire & Forge
Youth
Discord
Sun, Medicine, Art
Moon & Hunt
Wine
Spring
Wisdom, War, Civilization
Love & Beauty
Commerce (Messenger)
Greek
athletic games honoring Zeus
Held every 4 years
Only men watched/competed
First held in 776 BCE