Transcript Document

Chemistry - Unit 1 Matter, Properties and Changes
Objectives : Identify the characteristics of a substance
Distinguish between physical and chemical properties.
Differentiate among the physical states of matter.
Matter = Anything that has mass and takes up space.
can be visible (solids or liquids) or not visible (gases)
Chemistry - Unit 1 Matter, Properties and Changes
Table Salt = unique and unchanging composition.
also known as (aka) sodium chloride
ALWAYS 100% sodium chloride
OR
taken from the seas
taken from mines
Chemistry - Unit 1 Matter, Properties and Changes
like salt, matter that has a uniform and unchanging composition is
called a SUBSTANCE or PURE SUBSTANCE
Another example is PURE WATER.
Pure water is always composed of 2 hydrogens and 1 oxygen.
Are tap water and sea/ocean water substances?
NO, because taken from different places, they will include
different amounts of minerals, water, and dissolved substances.
Chemistry - Unit 1 Matter, Properties and Changes
States of Matter
How many are there? 7
What are they?
solid, liquid, gas,
Ionized Plasma, Quark-gluon plasma,
Bose-Einstein condensate,
fermionic condensate
Chemistry - Unit 1 Matter, Properties and Changes
States of Matter
Solids - a form of matter that has its own definite shape and volume
- might not conform to the shape of a container it is in
- is not compressible, you cannot squeeze it into a smaller volume
* is NOT defined by its hardness (pavement and wax are both solids)
Name several examples of solids, some hard and some soft...
Chemistry - Unit 1 Matter, Properties and Changes
States of Matter
LIQUIDS
- form of matter that flows
- has constant volume, particles tightly packed and are
virtually incompressible
- takes the shape of its container, but might not fill the
container
- tend to expand when heated
List several examples of liquids ...
Chemistry - Unit 1 Matter, Properties and Changes
Gases
States of Matter
- flows to conform to the shape of the
container
- fills the entire container if it is closed
- often confused with the term VAPOR
- Gases exist as a gas at room temperature
and normal pressure.
- Vapors can be liquefied with small changes
in pressure or temperature. (ex. water vapor
will condense during the night due to a drop
in temperature, while oxygen gases do not)
List a few vapors and a few gases.