Transcript What Constitutes A Hearing Impairment?

ILLINOIS SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF
125 Webster, Jacksonville, IL
The mission of the Illinois School for the Deaf
is to educate students who are deaf or hard of
hearing to be responsible, self supporting
citizens.
ISD website: www.illinoisdeaf.org
217-479-4200
State of Illinois
Pat Quinn, Governor
Dept. of Human Services Michelle Saddler, Secretary
Illinois School f/t Deaf
Dr. Janice Smith-Warshaw, Supt.
ILLINOIS SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF
OUTREACH
FREE training and consultation in
support of Illinois children who are
deaf or hard of hearing
ISD Outreach website: www.bit.ly/ISDOutreach
Like us on Facebook! bit.ly/isdoutreach
217-479-4393
State of Illinois
Pat Quinn, Governor
Dept. of Human Services Michelle Saddler, Secretary
Illinois School f/t Deaf
Dr. Janice Smith-Warshaw, Supt.
The Impact of
Hearing Loss
…or “A Little Hearing Loss
is a Big Thing”
Objectives
The audience will:
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•
•
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Understand “a little hearing loss is a big thing”
Be aware of “red flag” behaviors
Learn accommodation strategies
Better understand how to work with an
educational interpreter
From Oliver Sacks
“Seeing Voices”
“Unless special measures are
taken, the average deaf child will have
only fifty to sixty words at the age of
six, whereas the average hearing child
has three thousand.”
And...
“If communication goes awry, it affects
the intellectual growth, social
intercourse, language development,
and emotional attitudes, all at once,
simultaneously and inseparable.”
A Word About Words
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Deaf vs. deaf
Dumb vs. mute
Hearing Impaired
“People first” language
Decibel (dB)
Degrees of Hearing Loss
• Normal Hearing
• Mild Hearing Loss
• Moderate Hearing Loss
• Severe Hearing Loss
• Profound
http://www.firstyears.org/lib/howtoread.htm
http://firstyears.org/lib/hearloss.htm
Spelling Test
Listen carefully!
A mild hearing loss can cause a child to be
a grade level behind in reading and math!
Max Stanley Chartrand Ph.D.,
Health & Human Services/Research in Commuunicative Disorders
A child with a mild hearing loss can
pass the school hearing screening!
“Children with a unilateral hearing loss
are 10 times as likely to be held back
at least one grade level compared
with children with normal hearing.”
Self Help for Hard of Hearing
Ear Infections
• Can cause a mild hearing loss
• Recurring incidence
• Allergies
• Symptoms
So….
….What would you have missed in
your household this morning if
you couldn’t hear?
It’s more than a hearing loss…
It means losing the ability to connect with
those around you.
• Input for developing speech/language
• Communication
• Language
• Academic and social skills
Think about it!
• Linguistic structures
• Optimum language learning
• Early identification
Impact of Hearing Loss
Degree of Loss
Language Delay
• Normal
1 year
• Mild
2.0 years
• Moderate
2.9 years
Impact of Hearing Loss
Degree of Loss
• Moderate/Severe
• Severe
• Profound
Language Delay
3.5+ years
Impact of Hearing Loss
Cultural
Economic
Vocational
Psych.
Social
Education
Experience
Commun.
Language
Auditory
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Disability
Economic
Vocational
Psych.
Social
Education
Experience
Commun.
Language
Auditory
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Disability
Vocational
Psych.
Social
Education
Experience
Commun.
Language
Auditory
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Disability
Psych.
Social
Education
Experience
Commun.
Language
Auditory
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Disability
Social
Education
Experience
Commun.
Language
Auditory
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Disability
Education
Experience
Commun.
Language
Auditory
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Disability
Experience
Commun.
Language
Auditory
Deficit
Deficit
Deficit
Disability
Commun.
Language
Auditory
Deficit
Deficit
Disability
Language
Auditory
Deficit
Disability
Auditory
Disability
Impact in the classroom
(MARRS Project 1979-93)
• Teacher’s voice
• Acoustics
• Academic performance
Amplification
• Hearing aids
• Cochlear implants
http://hesp.ent.uci.edu/drupal/node/13
Amplification
• FM systems
• Sound field systems
Red Flag Behaviors
• Inattentive
• Asks for repetition
• Speech, language problems
• Allergies, colds, ear infections
More Red Flag Behaviors
• Omits endings “sh”, “s”, “th”, “f”
• Very visual
• Inconsistent hearing
• Answers unrelated to questions
Even More Red Flag Behaviors
• Ear pain; tugs ear
• Poor balance
• Loud noises are painful
• Short attention span
Still More…
• Distractible
• Immaturity
• Fails to follow directions
• Loses place while reading
Not done yet….
• Strains to listen, favors one ear
• Uses inappropriate speaking
behavior
• Watches speaker’s face more
than normal
What if you suspect a hearing loss?
• Refer to the school nurse for screening
• Parents can also ask for a referral to
– the school nurse
– an audiologist
– an ENT (eye, ear, nose and throat doctor)
Educational Responsibilities
IDEA requires:
• Special needs be considered
• Individual Education Plan (IEP)
• A Free Appropriate Public Education
(FAPE)
Educational Responsibilities
IDEA requires:
• Least Restrictive Environment (LRE)
• US Dept. of Education
• Public Act 093-0282
In the Classroom
Tips:
• Attitude
• Educate class on hearing
loss
• Encourage class
participation
• Encourage interaction
Adapted from Daniel Ononiwu, Deaf Education Consultant
In the Classroom
Tips:
• Seating
• Environmental noise
• Stand still!
Adapted from Daniel Ononiwu, Deaf Education Consultant
In the Classroom
Tips:
• Talking
• Face student
• Stand away from windows/bright lights
• Speak at moderate pace
• Use normal mouth movements
• Indicate when others are talking
Adapted from Daniel Ononiwu, Deaf Education Consultant
In the Classroom
Tips:
• Talking
• Facial hair
• Intelligibility
• Rephrase
• Covering face
Adapted from Daniel Ononiwu, Deaf Education Consultant
In the Classroom
Tips:
• Announcements
• Vocabulary
• Give material in
advance
• Captioned videos
• Written tests
Adapted from Daniel Ononiwu, Deaf Education Consultant
In the Classroom
Tips:
• Check for understanding
• Visual fatigue
• Emergencies
• Note taker
• Interpreter
Adapted from Daniel Ononiwu, Deaf Education Consultant
Educational Interpreters
• Trained professionals
• ISBE Approval Standards
• Code of Ethics
• Convey ALL interactions
• Do not add/delete information
• Do not offer opinions
Educational Interpreters
Questions for you!
• Is it easy to learn using an interpreter?
• Are the interpreter’s skills important?
• Quality of education
• Student success
Role of the Educational Interpreter
Levels of Responsibility
Interpreter
Young child
Student
High School
Educational Interpreters
• CANNOT
• Assume teacher/aide
responsibilities
• Be responsible for managing or
disciplining the class
• Be responsible for disciplining the
student who is deaf or hard of
hearing
Working with an Interpreter
Tips:
• Look at the student when speaking
• Use normal tone/speed
• Use the first/second person only
• Correct: “Did you understand the story?”
• Incorrect: “Ask her if she understood the story.”
Working with an Interpreter
Tips
• Lag time
• Clarification
• Positioning
Working with an Interpreter
Tips
• Visual Information
• Attention
• Notes
• Worksheets
• Visual Fatigue
Summary
• Even a little hearing loss can be a big thing.
• Hearing loss impacts language development,
academic growth, communication, and
social-emotional development.
• Early identification and intervention is key to
keeping children with a hearing loss on track.
• Amplification can be specific to an individual
or provided as a classroom intervention.
• Connecting the dots of red flag behaviors
can aid with early identification.
Summary
• Every student has the right to a free and
appropriate public education in the least
restrictive environment.
• Classroom accommodations should be
implemented as soon as a hearing loss is
identified.
• Illinois School for the Deaf Outreach provides
free resources and training to schools (with
CPDUs), communities, and parents
throughout the state of Illinois.
Questions?
Thank you for
your time and attention!