Transcript Chapter 1 - Interactive Learning Concepts

FETC 2007
Virtual Marine Science
Dr. Sally Becht
Gateway High School
Kissimmee, Florida
[email protected]
Introduction
to
Virtual Marine Science
Virtual Marine Science
The following slides keynote the general topics
covered virtually (using multimedia virtual labs
and presentations keyed to the textbook and
the Sunshine State Standards) integrated with
short videos and vodcasts incorporated with
worksheets designed to motivate students in a
science course with a classroom void of lab
resources!
Key Concepts
• Marine and terrestrial environments are
interrelated, interactive, and
interdependent.
• The ocean is an important source of food
and other resources for humans.
• Marine biology is the study of the sea’s
diverse inhabitants and their relationships
to each other and their environment.
Importance of the Oceans and
Marine Organisms
• Principal physical
feature of the planet
• Drive weather patterns
Importance of the Oceans and
Marine Organisms
• Productive—provides
substantial part of the
human food supply
• Marine organisms are
useful as subjects of
scientific study for
many areas of
research
Marine Science
Study of the Sea and Its
Inhabitants
• Oceanography
– study of the oceans and their phenomena,
such as waves, currents and tides
• Marine biology
– study of the living organisms that inhabit the
seas and their interactions with each other
and their environment
• Ecology of the marine environment
– study of the balance of nature in the oceans
Hammerhead
Shark
Rangiroa
Atoll
Marine Science: A History of
Changing Perspectives
• Early studies of marine organisms
– Aristotle and the “ladder of life”
– Pliny the Elder’s Natural History
• Renewed interest in marine organisms
– voyage of the HMS Beagle and Charles
Darwin’s On the Origin of Species
– discovery of organisms on retrieved
transatlantic telegraph cable
Darwin studied barnacles,
adaptations of animals, and
the formation of atolls. He
returned to England with
animals from around the world.
•He was the naturalist on the HMS Beagle. During this
five year voyage, he was sea-sick much of the time.
•His thoughts on evolution were so controversial, he waited
years to publish his work.
Marine Science: A History of
Changing Perspectives
• Beginnings of modern marine science
– Challenger expedition
• 4,700 new species collected and described
• Charles Wyville Thomson collected plankton
– marine studies in the United States
• expeditions of Alexander Agassiz
• funding of the first marine biology laboratory:
Anderson Summer School of Natural History,
predecessor of the Marine Biological Laboratory at
Woods Hole
• other U.S. marine laboratories
Alexander
Agassiz
Marine Science: A History of
Changing Perspectives
• Marine science in the twentieth century
– Fridtjof Nansen’s Arctic expedition
– Sir Alistair Hardy’s Antarctic expedition
• Marine science today
– Deep-sea submersibles
– Information sharing via the Internet
Key Concepts
• Marine laboratories play an important role
in education, conservation, and biological
research.
Woods Hole
Oceanographic Institute
Mass.
Mote Marine
Laboratory
Sarasota, Florida
Harbor Branch Oceanographic Research Institute,
Fort Pierce, Florida
Rosenstiel School of Marine Science
University of Miami, Miami, Florida
Scripps Oceanographic Research Institute
La Jolla, California
FLIP
Floating Instrument Platform
Hubbs – Sea World Research Institute
San Diego, California
Orlando, Florida
Soon to be in Melbourne, Florida
Important Marine Science Researchers
THESE ARE SOME OF MY PERSONAL FAVORITES!
Co-inventor of the Aqua-Lung, the
first modern SCUBA gear.
Changed the way people view the
ocean though countless books, films and TV
series.
Inspiration for many of today’s marine scientists.
His research vessel, the “Calypso” is still used
today.
Work is continued by his son, Jean-Michael
Cousteau
Jacques Yves Cousteau
Dr. Sylvia Earle
Dubbed ”Her Deepness”
Ambassador for the world’s ocean
Holds diving records
Walked on seafloor deeper than anyone
Dr. Robert Ballard
•Most known for his discovery of the Titanic, 1985
•Revolutionized undersea exploration through the use of ROVs
•Discovered hydrothermal vents in 1977
•Mission is to explore the deep sea and educate students
•Jason Foundation for education and Immersion
Dr. Peter Auster
•Ecologist and conservation biologist
•Research focus is marine fishes
•Participated in hundreds of dives using occupied submersibles
and ROVs = Remote Operated Vehicles
•Studies conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity.
•NOAA named him an Environmental Hero for the year 2000
Dr. Eugene Clark
World known ichthyologist
Known as “The Shark Lady”
Founder and senior researcher at
Mote Marine Lab, Sarasota
Some very well known
submersibles:
Johnson Sea Link
based at HBOI
Alvin based at WHOI
Mir I and II, Russia
Key Concepts
• It is important to study marine
science in order to make informed
decisions about how the oceans and
their resources should be used and
managed.
• Scientists use an organized approach
called the scientific method to
investigate natural phenomena.
Steps in the Scientific Method
• Making observations
• Using inductive reasoning to form a
hypothesis
• Using deductive reasoning to design
experiments
–experimental variable
–experimental set
–control set
Steps in the Scientific Method
• Gathering results
• Drawing conclusions
–theory versus hypothesis
• Plant growth in a salt marsh: a case
study of the scientific method
–observation of growth patterns and
analysis of soil samples
–experiment to test hypothesis
–analysis of results of the experiment
Process of Science
• Alternative methods of science
–experimentation is not always possible
–observational science – observation
alone must be used to support or
deny the hypothesis