Transcript Marine Life Zones Powerpoint file

Marine
Environments
The place or home in which an organism
lives is called its habitat.
The total surroundings are its
environment.
All environments are affected by biotic
and abiotic factors.
Biotic factors -
Living things
* PLANTS
* ANIMALS
* BACTERIA
Abiotic factors -
Nonliving things
* SALINITY
* TEMPERATURE
* PRESSURE
* LIGHT
The marine world contains many life zones.
Life zones are regions that contain
characteristic organisms that interact with
one another.
Marine life zones
* SUPRATIDAL
* INTERTIDAL
* SUBTIDAL
* PELAGIC
Many organisms have adaptations that allow
them to survive in different zones.
The supratidal zone is the area just above
the tide line, or above the intertidal zone.
The lower supratidal
zone, closer to the
water, has little or
no life because it is
too salty.
The upper supratidal
zone is home to many
species of grasses,
shrubs and trees.
The intertidal zone is, like its name
suggests, the area between high and low
tide.
It is the region that is underwater at high
tide but not during low tide.
High tide is marked by the strandline a
long line of seaweed and debris.
Characteristic organisms of the intertidal
zone include:
* Beach fleas
* Crustaceans
* Mollusks
* Worms
These organisms are
adapted to living where it’s
sometimes wet and
sometimes dry
The subtidal zone is the area below the
tide line.
It is an area of heavy wave impact and
underwater turbulence.
Many organisms that live in the subtidal
zone have adaptations that allow them to
survive there such as:
* Clinging structures
* Flat bodies
Characteristic organisms of the subtidal
zone are:
* Sponges
* Clams
* Sea stars
* Crabs
* Mussels
* Shrimp
* Barnacles
* Snails
* Flatfish (flounder)
The Pelagic zone is the largest life zone
and covers the whole rest of the ocean.
It is divided into two other zones:
* Neritic zone
* Oceanic zone
The neritic zone lies after the subtidal
zone and above the continental shelf.
Most deep sea and commercial fishing is
done in the neritic zone.
The neritic zone contains many species of
fish that are supported by algae
phytoplankton and marine plants.
The oceanic zone is the area known as the
open ocean.
The oceanic zone is divided into two zones
based on how deep the sunlight
penetrates.
The photic zone is the upper area where
the sunlight reaches.
It is, at most, about 200 meters (600
feet) deep.
The aphotic zone is the region below,
where the sunlight does not reach.
Most organisms live in the photic zone.
Some organisms do live in the deep waters
of the aphotic zone. Those that do have
special adaptations that allow them to live
in the dark.
The Benthic zone includes the entire ocean
floor from the intertidal zone to the
oceanic zone.
The deepest part of the ocean floor is
called the ocean basin.