Transcript INCOFISHWP2

INCOFISH WP 2
“Shifting Baselines”
David J. Starkey
University of Hull, UK
Start-Up Workshop
Kiel, 5 October 2005
David J. Starkey
Lecturer in Maritime History
Blaydes House
6, High Street
Hull
UK
The History of Marine Animal
Populations
Big Fish Eat Little Fish
Pieter Brueghel the Elder
Aim: to enhance knowledge and understanding of how and
why the diversity, distribution and abundance of
marine life in the world’s oceans changes over the
long term
HMAP: Rationale
Understanding the Past is Key
to Ocean Management Today
“Historical documentation of the long-term effects
of fishing provides a heretofore-missing
perspective for successful management and
restoration of coastal marine ecosystems. Previous
attempts have failed because they have focused
only on the most recent symptoms of the problem
rather than on their deep historical causes.”
Jeremy Jackson, Science (2001)
HMAP Gulf of Maine
We estimate the abundance of cod on the eastern and
western Scotian Shelf combined to be 1.26 million
metric tons in 1852.
Canada’s Department of Fisheries has estimated
that the total biomass for cod in NAFO divisions 4X
4Vs 4W (a larger area than that fished in1852) is now
less than 50,000mt – about 4% of the adult biomass
in 1852.
Andrew Rosenberg et al, Frontiers in Ecology (2005)
INCOFISH WP2
Goal:
To examine the patterns of long-term change in
selected coastal ecosystems and thereby establish
targets for the restoration and sustainable use of
living marine resources
INCOFISH WP2
Objectives:
1. To identify, validate and assemble historical data relating
to key aquatic resources in selected LMEs
2. To collate, analyse and disseminate historical data collected
and processed in [1]
3. To establish baselines against which the current status of
aquatic resources and LMEs can be evaluated
INCOFISH WP2
Deliverables:
D2.1: construct database of historical data
(available through WP1, month 19)
D2.2: assemble baseline data from 2.1 in database
(supply to other WPs; disseminate via WP1, month 25)
D2.3: report on baseline data and analysis
(month 34)
D2.4: publish 5+ scientific papers
(month 34)
INCOFISH WP2
Milestones:
Workshop 1 (month 4 … oh dear!!)
Workshop 2 (month 27)
INCOFISH WP2
Progress so far … [1]
Joanne Phillips
BSc Marine Biology
MSc Coastal Fisheries
Hull team assembled
John Nicholls
IT Advisor
INCOFISH WP2
Progress so far … [2]
8 partners contracted
Parameters of partners’ research project established
(more or less … )
INCOFISH WP2
PARTNERS
Denmark
University of Southern Denmark (SDU)
Estonia
Estonian Marine Institute,
University of Tartu
United Kingdom
• The University of Aberdeen (UNIABDN)
Galapagos
Charles Darwin
Foundation (CDF)
Peru
Instituto del Mar del
Peru (IMARPE)
Colombia
Universidad
Nacional de
Colombia (UNAL)
• The Centre for Environment, Fisheries
and Aquaculture Science, UK (CEFAS)
• Maritime Historical Studies Centre, Hull
INCOFISH WP2 PARTNERS
Instituto del Mar del Peru (IMARPE)
Location
Humboldt Current LME
Timeframe
1950 - 2004
Species
Hake (Merluccius gayi peruanus)
Lumptail searobin (Prionotus stephanophrys)
Peruvian rock seabass (Paralabrax humeralis)
Peruvian banded croaker (Paralonchurus peruanus)
INCOFISH WP2 PARTNERS
Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands (CDF)
Location
Galapagos Marine Reserve
Timeframe
1950 - 2004
Species
Sea cucumber
Spiny lobster, Slipper lobster
Some bony fish
INCOFISH WP2 PARTNERS
Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL)
Location
Columbian Caribbean Sea
(13oN – 8oN; 71oW – 77oW)
Timeframe
1970 - present
Species
Snappers (Lutjanidae)
Sharks & Rays
Invertebrates
INCOFISH WP2 PARTNERS
Estonian Marine Institute, University of Tartu
Location
East Baltic Sea – Estonian and Russian coasts
Baltic coasts of Denmark and Sweden
Timeframe
1600 - present
Species
Coastal - perch, pike, roach
Open water - cod, herring, sprat, flatfish
Baltic Sea – hydrographic gradients
affect species distribution
Salinity Temperature
Salinity
Relatively few
species
due to
Physiological stress
-relatively few
species due
to physiological
stress
INCOFISH WP2 PARTNERS
University of Southern Denmark (SDU)
Location
Wadden Sea - SW coastal part of Denmark
NW coast of Germany and N coast of The Netherlands
Timeframe
Last 1000 years of exploitation concentrating on the
period from 1600 up to the present
Species
All species, especially indicator species and key
commercial species
INCOFISH WP2 PARTNERS
University of Aberdeen (UNIABDN)
Location
North Sea … off the Scottish coast
Timeframe
to be announced
Species
to be announced
INCOFISH WP2 PARTNERS
The Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture
Science, UK (CEFAS)
Location
North Sea
Timeframe
1880 – present (especially 1991+)
Species
65 functional groups
(including 36 fishes, seabirds, 8 groups of
sharks & rays, 3 groups of marine mammals,
discards/offal)
300000
Cod
250000
SSB (tonnes)
200000
150000
100000
50000
0
1963
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
Year
500000
Plaice
450000
400000
SSB (tonnes)
350000
300000
250000
200000
150000
100000
50000
0
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Year
2500000
SSB (tonnes)
2000000
The North Sea
(ICES area IV; LME 22)
Herring
1500000
1000000
500000
0
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Year
Spawning Stock Biomass, 1960-2005
INCOFISH WP2 PARTNERS
University of Hull (UHULL)
Location
to be decided
Timeframe
to be decided
Species
to be decided
INCOFISH WP2: Next Steps
Establish roles & responsibilities within WP2
Consider WP2 objectives
Confirm parameters of research projects
Revise milestones
Assign deliverables: publication strategy
Consider database design
Devise collaboration strategy re: other WPs
other projects
INCOFISH WP 2
David J. Starkey
Joanne Phillips
John Nicholls
([email protected])
([email protected])
([email protected])
Maritime Historical Studies Centre (MHSC)
Blaydes House
6 High Street
Hull HU1 1HA
Tel. +44 (0)1482 305119
United Kingdom
Fax.+44 (0)1482 305116