Transcript CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT AND EDUCATION

The national animal
The national bird
The national flower
GREETINGS FROM INDIA
CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT AND EDUCATION
Barcoding of Life : Meeting the
Demand for Knowledge and
Skills
D.Chandramohan
India
CAPACITY
“the ability of individuals,
organizations and societies to
perform functions, solve problems,
and set and achieve goals”
D.Chandramohan, Amsterdam, 2006
CAPACITY
DEVELOPMENT
“the sustainable creation, utilization
and retention of that capacity”
The 3 Elements
•the individual (tools & training)
•the organization (restructuring, strengthening of
the existing systems)
•the institutional (culture change)
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EDUCATION
“ imparting knowledge ”
“the knowledge or skill obtained or
developed by a learning process”
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HIGH
Capacity vary from
country to country
LOW
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HIGH
….even from one
institution to another in
a country
LOW
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The challenge…..
….how to bridge this gap
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THE PROCESS STEPS
•Assessing the status
•Identifying the need
•Working out the strategy
•Training
•Extending support for
sustainability
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A case study…
INDIA
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•Very rich biodiversity
• 7516.6 km coastline
•Major Island Ecosystems
Andaman&Nicobar (Bay of Bengal)
Lakshadweep (Arabian Sea)
• ~2 Million sqKm EEZ
Exclusive Economic Zone
Bay of Bengal
Arabian
Sea
Indian Ocean
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•Coastal Population:
370 million
294/36
Andaman & Nicobar
36/10
Lakshadweep
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Government of India
Ministry of Science &
Technology
Ministry of Forests &
Environment
Ministry of
Agriculture
•Department of Science &
Technology (DST)
•National Biodiversity
Authority (NBA)
•Department of
Agriculture (ICAR)
•Department of Scientific &
Industrial Research(CSIR)
•Aquaculture
Authority of India(AAI)
•Department of Animal
Sciences (ICAR)
•Department of
Biotechnology(DBT)
•Zoological Survey of
India(ZSI)
•Department of
Fisheries (ICAR)
•Department of Ocean
Development (DOD)
•Botanical Survey of
India(BSI)
•Fisheries Survey of
India (FSI)
Ministry of Human Resource
Development
University Grants Commission (UGC)
•National Universities
•State Universities
•Centre of Advanced Studies
•Private Universities
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Institutions under Government of India
National DNA Fingerprinting
& Diagnosis (DBT)
National Centre for
Cell Science (DBT)
National Bureau of Fish
Genetics Resources (ICAR)
International Centre for Genetic
Engineering & Biotechnology
(ICGEB,New Delhi)
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Institutions under Government of India
Marine & Fisheries Sector
• Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology (CCMB)
• National Institute of Oceanography (NIO)
CSIR
• Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute(CMFRI)
• Zoological Survey of India (ZSI)
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Private institutions
No major support…..!
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D.Chandramohan, Amsterdam, 2006
Coastal Universities engaged in marine
biology teaching and research
• Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology
(Annamalai University) (East coast)
• Fisheries College (Tamil Nadu Agricultural University)
(East Coast)
• Andhra University (East Coast)
• Cochin University of Science & Technology (West Coast)
• Fisheries College ( Karnataka Agricultural University)
(West Coast)
• Goa University (West Coast)
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Amsterdam,
Amsterdam,
2006
2006
Assessment ?
1.There are many institutions with advanced capabilities in
the area of molecular biology and biochemistry.
2.There are large institutions specializing in fisheries and
marine biology research.
3. Even though these institutions have their own mandate
they have sufficient resources to take up
barcoding of life program.
4. Some of the ministries encourage projects in
documentation of marine biodiversity.
5. Coastal Universities show interest in Barcoding of
Marine Life but they are not uniform in their
capacity.
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Strategy ?
1.Identify the potential individuals and institutions who
can develop a “Network project”.
2.Conduct a training workshop for the individuals
with the help of experts.
3. Identify the national funding agency and prepare the
proposal .
4. Promote international collaboration –experts visiting
India and researchers visiting labs in other
countries.
5.Establish a “CENTRE FOR BARCODING OF MARINE LIFE”
for sustainable development.
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Issues to be tackled…!
1.Agencies differ in their policies and priorities for
funding.
2.Enthusiastic individuals but lack of institutional
infrastructure
3.Developing regional programs involving many
countries
4.Availability of taxonomic experts
5.Convincing top level decision makers – a critical factor for
funding
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How we made a proposal ?
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OSTC
Department of Ocean Development
(DOD)
Marine Benthos
Ocean Engineering
& Robotics
Marine Placer
Deposits
Marine
Microbiology
Universities
Marine Geology
& Geophysics
Coastal Marine
Culture Systems
Marine Biology
Marine Coastal
Ecology(2)
Ocean Science & Technology Cells
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OSTC (Marine Benthos)
•Monograph on Indian Barnacles (70 sp; 28 genera)
•Monograph on the Taxonomy of Bryozoans from
the EEZ of India (132 sp; 41 families;
3 orders)
•Monograph on Marine benthic microalgae from
the EEZ of India ( 292 sp; 88 genera)
•Impact of bottom trawling on Benthic Communities
(major multi-institutional project)
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A Project Proposal…
Barcoding of
Indian species of Barnacles
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Cyprid Larva
Nauplius
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…..finding the partners
OSTC
Cochin University
CAS in Marine Biology
Annamalai University
Monograph
Expert
National Institute of
Oceanography
Technology
A NETWORK PROJECT
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Taxonomic expert-1
Taxonomic expert-3
Taxonomic expert-2
Centre for Barcoding of Marine Life
(National Institute of Oceanography, Kochi) ?
“the transfer, adoption,
mobilization and
utilization of services,
skills, knowledge &
technology”
Technical
Within the
Country
Assistance (TA)
Outside the
Country
SUPPORT FOR SUSTAINABILITY
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CBOL
Conclusions
• Increased awareness should be capitalized
• Bring more taxonomic groups under the program
• Increase opportunities for training
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Barnacle DNA
Fish DNA
Barnacle
CO 1 gene (650bp)
1
2
3
1
2
3
FACTS AND FIGURES – INDIA
(Marine)
1. India’s coastline : 7516.6 km
2. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) : 2 million sq.km.
3. Arabian Sea & Bay of Bengal together account for about
3% of the world oceanic area. Receive close to 9% of the
global river runoff.
4. Lakshadweep : 36 islands ( 10 are inhabited)
5. Andaman & Nicobar Islands: 294 (36 are inhabited)
6. Coastal population : 370 million
Lotus (Nelumbo Nucipera Gaertn) is the National Flower
of India. It is a sacred flower and occupies a unique
position in the art and mythology of ancient India and has
been an auspicious symbol of Indian culture since time
immemorial. India is rich in flora. Currently available data
place India in the tenth position in the world and fourth in
Asia in plant diversity. From about 70 per cent
geographical area surveyed so far, 47,000 species of
plants have been described by the Botanical Survey of
India (BSI).
The Indian peacock, Pavo cristatus, the national bird of
India, is a colourful, swan-sized bird, with a fan-shaped
crest of feathers, a white patch under the eye and a
long, slender neck. The male of the species is more
colourful than the female, with a glistening blue breast
and neck and a spectacular bronze-green train of
around 200 elongated feathers. The female is brownish,
slightly smaller than the male and lacks the train. The
elaborate courtship dance of the male, fanning out the
tail and preening its feathers is a gorgeous sight.
The magnificent tiger, Panthera tigris is a striped animal.
It has a thick yellow coat of fur with dark stripes. The
combination of grace, strength, agility and enormous
power has earned the tiger its pride of place as the
national animal of India. Out of eight races of the species
known, the Indian race, the Royal Bengal Tiger, is found
throughout the country except in the north-western region
and also in the neighbouring countries, Nepal, Bhutan
and Bangladesh. To check the dwindling population of
tigers in India, ‘Project Tiger' was launched in April 1973.
So far, 27 tiger reserves have been established in the
country under this project, covering an area of 37,761 sq
km.
The state emblem is an adaptation from the Sarnath Lion
Capital of Ashoka. In the original, there are four lions, standing
back to back, mounted on an abacus with a frieze carrying
sculptures in high relief of an elephant, a galloping horse, a bull
and a lion separated by intervening wheels over a bell-shaped
lotus. Carved out of a single block of polished sandstone, the
Capital is crowned by the Wheel of the Law (Dharma Chakra) .
In the state emblem, adopted by the Government of India on 26
January 1950, only three lions are visible, the fourth being
hidden from view. The wheel appears in relief in the centre of
the abacus with a bull on right and a horse on left and the
outlines of other wheels on extreme right and left. The bellshaped lotus has been omitted. The words Satyameva Jayate
from Mundaka Upanishad , meaning 'Truth Alone Triumphs', are
inscribed below the abacus in Devanagari script.
The National Flag is a horizontal tricolour of deep saffron (kesaria) at the top,
white in the middle and dark green at the bottom in equal proportion. The ratio of
width of the flag to its length is two to three. In the centre of the white band is a
navy-blue wheel which represents the chakra. Its design is that of the wheel which
appears on the abacus of the Sarnath Lion Capital of Ashoka. Its diameter
approximates to the width of the white band and it has 24 spokes. The design of
the National Flag was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on 22 July
1947.
Apart from non-statutory instructions issued by the Government from time to time, display of the National Flag
is governed by the provisions of the Emblems and Names (Prevention of Improper Use) Act, 1950 (No. 12 of
1950) and the Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971 (No. 69 of 1971). The Flag Code of India,
2002 is an attempt to bring together all such laws, conventions, practices and instructions for the guidance and
benefit of all concerned. The Flag Code of India, 2002, took effect from 26 January 2002 and superseded the
‘Flag Code—Indias' as it existed. As per the provisions of the Flag Code of India, 2002, there are no restriction
on the display of the National Flag by members of general public, private organisations, educational
institutions, etc., except to the extent provided in the Emblems and Names (Prevention of Improper Use) Act,
1950 and the Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971 and any other law enacted on the subject.