Transcript Document

1800
1803 - J. Dalton: defined atom as the smallest part of a subs. that can participate in a chem. rxn.
1835 - C. Wheatstone: different metals ,different bright lines in their sparks’ emission spectra
18501853 - Angstrom
1860 – Kirchoff:
showed that there are three types of spectra emitted by objects
1869 - Mendeleev: published the periodic table
– Planck: thermal radiation is emitted from
1900 1900
a heated surface in discrete packets of energy called QUANTA. Quantum theory is born.
1904 - J.J. Thomson: Plum–Pudding Model: the atoms of the elements consist of a number of
negatively electrified corpuscles enclosed in a sphere of uniform positive electrification...
1905 – Einstein interpreted the photoelectric results by suggesting that
the energy in a ight wave is also contained in discrete packets.
The particle-like packet of energy is called a PHOTON.
1911 – E. Rutherford proposes the nuclear atomic model.
1913 - N. Bohr proposes his planetary model of the atom, along with the
concept of stationary energy states and accounts for hydrogen spectrum.
1924 - De Broglie generalizes wave-particle duality by suggesting
that particles of matter are also wavelike.
1924 -Bose & Einstein find a new way to count quantum particles (Bose-Einstein statistics), and they predict that
extremely cold atoms should condense into a single quantum state, later known as a Bose-Einstein condensate.
1925 – Pauli enunciates the exclusion principle.
1926 - Schrödinger develops a second description of quantum physics, called wave
mechanics to describe the motion of electrons in a crystal.
1926 – Fermi and Dirac find that quantum mechanics requires a second way to count
particles, Fermi-Dirac statistics, opening the way to SOLID STATE PHYSICS.
1927 - Heisenberg states his UNCERTAINTY PRINCIPLE, that it is impossible to
exactly measure the position and momentum of a particle at the same time.
1950