Transcript Colonial Reaction

Results From the
French and Indian War
• Who fought?
• Why did they fight?
• What was the result and major effects?
The Seeds of Revolution
Effects of the War
• Relationship between British and the colonists
worsened
▫ British want increased control over colonists
• War against French plunges England into debt
▫ Colonial Impact?
• Albany Plan of Union
Causes of the French and Indian War
• Land
• Relationship w/ Native Americans
• Building of forts in British territory
Effects of the French and Indian War
• Treaty of Paris (French kicked out of North America)
• British Debt
• Relationship with colonists worsen
• Albany Plan of Union
The Aftermath
• Major economical result of this colonial war?
▫ BRITISH DEBT
• The F & I War plunged the British Empire into
such a substantial debt that they were forced to
find a solution to their lack of money
• Ideas??
Policy
Sugar Act
Quartering Act
Stamp Act
Townshend Acts
Tea Act
Intolerable Act
What Did It Do?
Colonial
Reaction
Sugar Act
• British Action
▫ 1764
▫ Import tax on Foreign sugar and molasses
• Colonial Reaction
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Merchants and ship owners decreased business
Committees formed by colonists to protest
“No Taxation Without Representation”
Sons of Liberty
Policy
Sugar Act
Quartering Act
Stamp Act
Townshend Acts
Tea Act
Intolerable Act
What Did It Do?
Tax on foreign sugar
and molasses
•
Colonial
Reaction
• Decreased business among
merchants
• Committees to protest law
• Sons of Liberty formed
Quartering Act
• British Action
▫ 1765
▫ Requirement placement of British troops within
colonial homes in order to enforce laws and taxes
• Colonial Reaction
▫ Refusal to provide money to quarter, house, or
supply British troops
▫ Divide between pro-British colonists and
“Patriots”
Policy
What Did It Do?
Colonial
Reaction
Sugar Act
Quartering Act
Stamp Act
Townshend Acts
Tea Act
Intolerable Act
• Placement of British
troops w/in colonies to
enforce laws
• Refusal by colonists to take in
British troops
• Line drawn between royal
supporters and “Patriots”
Stamp Act
• British Action
▫ 1765
▫ Tax on all printed matter
▫ Advertisements, diplomas, legal documents,
newspapers, playing cards
• Colonial Reaction
▫ Virginia government statement condemning SA
▫ Non-Importation Agreement among colonists
▫ Demonstrations and boycotts on goods
• Repealed in March 1766
Question…
• How is a boycott different from a demonstration
or protest?
• How could a boycott of taxed goods negatively
effect the British government?
Policy
What Did It Do?
Colonial
Reaction
Sugar Act
Quartering Act
Stamp Act
Townshend Acts
Tea Act
Intolerable Act
• Tax on all printed goods
including advertisements,
diplomas, legal documents,
newspapers, playing cards
• Non-Importation agreements
among colonists
• Boycotts and demonstrations
Townshend Acts
• British Action
▫ 1767
▫ Import taxes on tea, lead, glass, dyes
• Colonial Reaction
▫ Powerful opposition through more protests and
boycotts
▫ Rejection b/c colonists see no need for this tax
Further Colonial Reaction
• Smuggling of boycotted goods continues amongst
colonists
• Seizure of smuggling ships and their goods leads to
rioting by colonists
▫ Liberty, June 1768
▫ John Hancock
• Britain forced to send troops into Boston to quell
riots and keep peace
▫ Colonial Reaction?
March 1770
• Group of Boston colonials
throw snowballs and rocks at a
group of British soldiers
• Soldiers fire into crowd, killing
5 colonials
▫ Crispus Attucks
• Famously coined The Boston
Massacre
▫ By Who?
▫ What was the point in this
title?
Boston Massacre Interpretation
• The image of the incident on
March of 1770 in Boston was
very skewed in favor of the
colonists…
• If a similar cartoon was
created to positively favor the
British soldiers, what would it
look like??
Homework
• Define:
Propaganda
• Find an example of
propaganda in
today’s world
Policy
What Did It Do?
Colonial
Reaction
Sugar Act
Quartering Act
Stamp Act
Townshend Acts
Tea Act
Intolerable Act
• New tax on tea, lead,
glass, dyes
• Further opposition
• Propaganda against British,
“Boston Massacre”
Tea Act
• British repeal of all taxes except tea
• Attempt by the British to sell taxed tea to the
Colonists through the East India Trading
Company
• Colonial Reaction
▫ Refusal to buy
▫ Boston Tea Party
The Boston Tea Party
• December 16, 1773
• Boston Patriots, dressed at Indians boarded 3
British trading ships and dumped 342 chests of
tea into Boston Harbor
▫ Over $1 million in tea lost
• British Reaction?
Policy
What Did It Do?
Colonial
Reaction
Sugar Act
Quartering Act
Stamp Act
Townshend Acts
Tea Act
Intolerable Act
•Tax on British tea
•Boycott of British Tea
•Boston Tea Party
Intolerable Acts
• 1774
• Reaction to the BTP and designed to make
Boston pay for damage and money lost
▫ Closed Boston ports
▫ Hundreds lost jobs
▫ News of British oppression spreading throughout
the colonies
Policy
What Did It Do?
Colonial
Reaction
Sugar Act
Quartering Act
Stamp Act
Townshend Acts
Tea Act
Intolerable Act
•Closure of Boston Harbor
•Attempt to muscle colonists
into submission
•First Continental Congress
•Uniting of Colonials
Terms
• Loyalist
▫ Colonists loyal to the British King
• Patriot
▫ Colonists that want revolution and independence
from British
First Continental Congress
• Fall 1774
▫ A meeting of delegates from
all colonies (except Georgia)
in Philadelphia
▫ John Adams, Patrick Henry,
George Washington
• Airing of Grievances
▫ Most wanted to keep peace
with British
▫ Colonists throughout
America are preparing for
war by stocking guns and
weapons to defend
themselves
First Continental Congress
• Declaration of Resolves
▫ Written by reps at FCC and
sent to King George
▫ Colonies still loyal to England
BUT until equality given all
trade with England will stop
• Patrick Henry
▫ “The distinctions between
Virginians, Pennsylvanians,
New Yorkers, and New
Englanders are no more. I am
not a Virginian, but an
American”
▫ “Give me liberty or give me
death!”
British Reaction…
• King George and Parliament
take Declaration of Resolves as
an act of rebellion
▫ General Thomas Gage sent to
colonies to put down rebellion
with nearly 1000 troops
• Militias throughout the colonies
are preparing to defend
themselves against the most
powerful army in the world
▫ Militia = “trained”, everyday
citizens who join together to
fight in emergencies
▫ Minutemen – troops could be
ready at a minute’s notice
Lexington and Concord
• British troops target Concord,
MA b/c colonists are
smuggling supplies into there
▫ In secret, almost 900 British
troops leave in the middle of
the night and march towards
Concord from Boston (about
20 miles)
• To warn the militia in the area,
Paul Revere, Williams Dawes,
and Samuel Prescott ride
ahead of troops
▫ “The British are coming!”
Lexington and Concord
• British troops are met by less than 100 colonial
militia men in Lexington (Minutemen)
▫ “The shot heard ‘round the world”
▫ British open fire, 8 colonists dead
▫ British troops raid supply barns to find weapons, but
find none
▫ About 1000 militia have now gathered once British
troops begin their march back to Boston
• Militia chase the British back to Boston, killing over
200 British troops
2nd Continental Congress
• Established following the
beginning of the Revolutionary
War
▫ May 1775
▫ Philadelphia
• All Colonies represented
• Colonial army is established
for the “defense of American
liberty”
▫ Liberty = Freedom
The Colonial Army
• George Washington
nominated as general
▫ Former British general
(failed)
▫ Understood British tactics
▫ Knew British weaknesses
▫ Devoted to the “glorious
cause of American rights”
▫ Volunteered to work for no
pay
Battle of Bunker Hill
• June 15, 1775
• Patriot militiamen await
British sea invasion in Boston
from the top of a hill
• Actual fighting takes place on
Breed’s Hill
• “Don’t shoot until you see the
whites of their eyes”
▫ Patriots lacking in supplies
and didn’t want to waste
• British take the hill with
superior power
▫ 1000+ British causalities
▫ 450 American
• Americans retreat to
Dorchester and British flee
into Nova Scotia, Canada
▫ Leave with over 1000
loyalists
Timeline
• Starting with the end of the
French and Indian War and
ending with the shots fired in
Lexington…
▫ Create a timeline of 10 events
that document the start of the
Revolutionary War
▫ Events should be in ORDER
and have a DATE
▫ Each should have at least a 1
sentence description
▫ Accompany your timeline
with at least 6 drawings or
pictures
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Treaty of Paris
Tea Act
Paul Revere’s Ride
Townshend Acts
Sugar Act
1st Continental
Congress/Declaration of
Resolves
No Taxation w/o
Representation
Albany Plan of Union
Intolerable Acts
Boston Massacre
Boston Tea Party
King George sending troops w/
Thomas Gage
Quartering Act
Stamp Act
Boston Massacre Shop Assignment
1. Create a cartoon depicting the incident to be
placed in a British newspaper.
2. Write a short article to accompany the cartoon
explaining the event to citizens in England
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Clear English perspective
Propaganda is clearly visible
Historical Accuracy
Neatness and Color
Catchy Headline