Transcript Armenian and Greek Genocide

Armenian and Greek
Genocide
Kathyrn Balitsos, Josh Idio, Dan Ortiz
The Forgotten Genocide
● April 24, 1915 -1923
● occured during WWI
http://www.genocide-museum.am/eng/children/03r.jpg
Factors that allowed for genocide
Armenians and
Greeks were a
Christian minority
Armenians thrived in
the Ottoman Empire
● more educated and
wealthier
Factors leading to genocide
With WWI occurring, the Ottoman Empire was
able to murder millions and blame the ongoing
war for their deaths.
The Ottoman Empire was able to forcibly move
millions on death marches while saying they
were protecting them.
The genocide began for the Armenians and spread to the Greeks
Who was involved
Perpetrators
● Turks
● Kurds
● Mullahs (Muslim
religious leaders
● soldiers
● special killing squads
Victims
● Armenians
● Greeks
How was this made a collective event?
During the time, the Ottoman Turks, just finished losing
World War I. Due to this defeat they lost many territories
such as the Balkans (Greece, Serbia, and Bulgaria.)
They broke away from Europe and wanted to become
independent. The Turks then began to be controlled by fear
of the collapse of the Ottoman Empire. The citizens began
to become extremely nationalistic.
The political party controlling government began to warn
the people of the “true enemies” of the Ottoman which
were the Christians(Armenians and Greeks). This led to the
formation of CUP (The Committee of Union and Progress)
led by three Turkish nationalists, Talaat, Enver, and
Djemal. Their persuading slogan was, “Turkey For Turks”.
Armenian Stages of Genocide
Classification
Symbolization
● Muslims: Ottoman Turks
and Kurds
● Armenians: NonMuslims & Christians
● Armenians were
Christians
o second-class citizens
o “gavours” meaning “infidel”
or “unbelievers”.
● Non-Muslims singled out
as lesser people
Armenian Stages of Genocide
Dehumanization
● Armenian soldiers were
disarmed and placed into labor
battalions or used as “pack
animals”
● Mistreatment of Armenians
become humane in Turkish
eyes: civil-restricting laws
implemented.
Armenian Stages of Genocide
Organization
● Central Community of the “Young Turk” Party.
o Young Turk Triumvirate - Mehmed Talaat, Ismail Enver, Ahmed
Djemal
● Mass militias deployed, along with several “butcher
Battalions”
o (released convicts organized into killing units)
● Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) organization
o including a list of different Armenians to be murdered.
● Orders and commands would be transmitted through
coded telegrams.
Armenian Stages of Genocide
Polarization
● Propaganda surfaces
o Armenians siding with
Turkish enemy (Russia)
● Intermarrying forbidden
● Germans & Ottomans
consider them “the
enemy within” and “the
Armenian Problem”
Armenian Stages of Genocide
Preparation
● Armenian property is
confiscated, looted or
burned.
● Soldiers disarmed,
forced labor or
conversion is applied.
Armenian Stages of Genocide
Extermination
● Armenian human icons hanged or shot
o Ex: Political leaders, educators, writers, clergy, dignitaries
o April 24, 1915 - Many happen in Constantinople or what is now
Istanbul
● Deportation, shootings, death marches and exile to
Syrian deserts.
● gas or suffocation massacres or burnings.
● Death squads, though local turks and kurds participate
Armenian Stages of Genocide
Denial
● The modern Turkish
government continues
not to acknowledge the
Armenian Genocide.
● Outlaws any accusation
or mention of such
event.
Turkish Prime Minister
Denies the Armenian
Genocide
International Responses - During
Allied Powers (GB, FR, RU)
warning
“The Allied governments announce publicly that
they will hold all the members of the Ottoman
government, as well as such of their agents as
are implicated, personally responsible for such
matters”.
Warning failed.
Newspapers continue
headlines
International Response - During
● Russian Army gives
temporary relief
o Eastern Front Attack makes
its way towards central
Turkey.
● But withdraws due to the
Russian Revolution.
o Surviving Armenians
seeks refuge with
Russian Armenians
International Response - After
● November 1918 - World War I finally ends.
o With the defeat of Germany and the Central Powers, the Young Turk
Triumvirate (Talaat, Enver, Djemal) flees to Germany.
o Germany refuses continued demands to return the Triumvirate to
stand trial.
o Armenian activists and assassinate them with two other instigators.
● Treaty of Sevres signed on August 10
o Recognizes an independent Armenian state.
Nicolas Kastani
Eleftheria Kastani
Works Cited
"United Human Rights Council." United Human Rights Council. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 June 2014.
"Turks Apologize for Armenian Massacres." Armenian Genocide by Turkish Muslims. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 June
2014.
"The Armenian Genocide." The Armenian Genocide. N.p., n.d. Web. 06 June 2014.
"Stages of Genocide." The Great Crime. N.p., n.d. Web. 07 June 2014.