Transcript The Rise of Hitler and the Totalitarian State

The Rise of Hitler and the
Totalitarian State
AND THE
FAILURE OF
APPEASEMENT
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Who Would You Vote For?
Contestant #1
Contestant #2
Contestant #3
I am a womanizer,
have self-interested
policies and
unfortunately suffer
from ailing health.
I have a drinking habit
and a defiant tongue
or attitude.
I am a decorated war
hero, do not drink and
want to create a
stable economy.
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Who Did You Vote For?
Contestant #1
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Contestant #2
Contestant #3
subordinated to the state, and opposing political and cultural expression is
suppressed.

Why now?
Increasing political, economic, and social unrest.
Increasing nationalism.
Desperation
Definition: A form of government in which the political authority
exercises absolute and centralized control over all aspects of life, the
individual is subordinated to the state, and opposing political and cultural
expression is suppressed.
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Why now?

Increasing political, economic, and social unrest.
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Increasing nationalism.
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Desperation
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military, economy, social, cultural)
Highly nationalistic (flags, salutes, rallies, uniforms)
Strict controls and laws
Military state (secret police, army, military)
Censorship (opposing literature and ideas)
Propaganda (media – radio, newspapers, posters)
One
leader (dictator);
charismatic
Government
establishes
complete control of all aspects of the state
(political, military, economy, social, cultural)

Highly nationalistic (flags, salutes, rallies, uniforms)

Strict controls and laws

Military state (secret police, army, military)

Censorship (opposing literature and ideas)

Propaganda (media – radio, newspapers, posters)

One leader (dictator); charismatic
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Communism
Joseph Stalin, the leader of the Soviet Union
from 1922-1953.
What is Communism?
LEFT WING
 based on theory by Karl Marx
 revolutionary idea of a political,
economic and social system that
creates a “classless society”
 state ownership and control of the
means of production (no private
ownership)
 Soviet Communism or “Stalinism”,
was more of a totalitarian and
military state combined with
elements of communism

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Fascism
Benito Mussolini the leader (Il Duce) of Italy
from 1922 to 1943.
What is Fascism?
RIGHT WING
 intense nationalism and elitism
 totalitarian control
 interests of the state more important than
individual rights
 maintain class system and private ownership

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Interesting Fact: Fascism name was derived from
the fasces, an ancient Roman symbol of authority
consisting of a bundle of rods and an ax
Nazism
Adolf Hitler the leader (der Fuhrer) or dictator of
Germany from 1933 to 1945.
What is Nazism?
extremely fascist , nationalistic and totalitarian
 based on beliefs of the National Socialist
German Workers Party
 belief in the racial superiority of the Aryan, the
“master race”
 belief that all Germans should have
“lebensraum” or living space in Europe
Violent hatred towards Jews and blamed
Germany’s problems on them

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“Victory at any price”
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This Nazi propaganda poster reads,
‘Behind the enemy powers: the Jew.
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The Policy of Appeasement
Definition: The willingness to surrender to an aggressors’ demands to avoid
war.
Policy adopted by Neville Chamberlin, Prime Minister of Great Britain.
After WWI, most European countries wanted to avoid war at all costs.
Britain believed the terms of the Treaty of Versailles were too harsh and
that, therefore, Hitler was not out of line.
Reality – The British and French were blind to the true nature of Hitler’s
plan.
Bought Hitler time and allowed him to gain territory unchallenged. (Also
gave the British time to rearm and prepare for new threats).
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Policy of Appeasement
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STEPS TO
WAR
How did World
War II begin?
How did
appeasement
contribute to
World War II?
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Invasion of Poland, 1939
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Germany invades Poland
from the west and are
followed by the Soviet Union
from the east.
Under the Nazi-Soviet nonaggression pact, both sides
agree not to fight one
another.
Britain and France honour
their obligations to Poland
and declare war on Germany
on September 3rd, 1939.
Canada declares war one
week later on September,
9th, 1939.
How is Canada’s declaration
of war different from WWI?
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Could Hitler have been ‘stopped’ before 1939?
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Was the Treaty of Versailles or Appeasement the main cause for WWII?
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What was Canada’s position on appeasement? What was ‘isolationism’?
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Political Cartoon Analysis
“Stepping Stones to Glory” - David Low, July 1936. The words on their backs
read. “Rearmament, Rhineland, Danzig, ?, ??, !!, !!!, Boss of the Universe.
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
What is a Thesis?
The thesis is the main or controlling idea of your paper
The remainder of your paper should work towards proving your thesis
Any information which does not work towards this end will come across as
irrelevant
Your thesis should answer a question
It should be clearly stated in a single sentence
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What is a Thesis?

The thesis is the main or controlling idea of your paper

The remainder of your paper should work towards proving your thesis

Any information which does not work towards this end will come across
as irrelevant

Your thesis should answer a question

It should be clearly stated in a single sentence
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How to write a thesis
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As a thesis answers a question, a good thesis derives from a good
question
Normally you would start with a topic (i.e. Free Speech) and develop a list
of quality questions (ie Should there be limits on Free Speech?)
However, you only have one topic and one question to answer for this
essay
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Were the Nuremberg trials justified?
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To answer this question you must first conduct research on the subject.
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Most likely, you will not know your thesis until you are almost done your
research.
 Come up with an answer to your question
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Pollution is bad for the environment.
Not really debatable. (Can only take one side of the argument).
Better:
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At
least 25 percent of the federal budget should be spent on limiting pollution.
BAD:
Can be argued for or against.
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Pollution is bad for the environment.

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Not really debatable. (Can only take one side of the argument).
Better:
At least 25 percent of the federal budget should be spent on limiting
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pollution.

Too broad and not debatable. (What do you mean by drugs? How is it
detrimental?)
Better:
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Illegal
BAD: drug use is detrimental because it encourages gang violence.
More manageable (narrowed thesis – drugs narrowed to illegal drugs and the
detriment narrowed to gang violence.)
Drug use is detrimental to society.
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Too broad and not debatable. (What do you mean by drugs? How is it
detrimental?)
Better:
 Illegal drug use is detrimental because it encourages gang violence.
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People need to stay healthy for several important reasons.
Too general
Better:
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Students must get sufficient sleep at night in order to succeed in school.
BAD:
More specific, still arguable.
People need to stay healthy for several important reasons.
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Too general
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Better:
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Students must get sufficient sleep at night in order to succeed in school.
More specific, still arguable.
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