Transcript USSR Stalin`s Totalitarian State

January 13, 2009
1.
2.
3.
4.
Who was in charge of the Bolsheviks?
What did the Treaty of Brest Livosk end?
What happened to the Tsar?
What is a Gulag?
•
10.7.2
– Trace Stalin’s rise to power in the Soviet Union
and the connection between economic policies,
political policies, the absence of a free press, and
systematic violations of human rights (e.g., Terror
Famine in the Ukraine)
USSR
Stalin’s Totalitarian State
10.7.2
14.2
Pgs. 440-445
After Lenin
•
1924 Lenin dies
Trotsky
Stalin
– Competition begins
for successor
•
2 Successor’s
1. Joseph Stalin
– Politically savvy
2. Leon Trotsky
– Lenin’s right hand man
•
Trotsky forced into
exile and is later
assassinated by
KGB
Lenin on Stalin:
Comrade Stalin has
concentrated enormous
power in his hands, and I
am not sure that he always
knows how to use that
power with sufficient
caution.
Stalin Builds a Totalitarian State
•
Wants to create a
Totalitarian State
– A government that takes
total centralized control
over public and private life.
– Uses several tactics
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Police Terror
Censorship
Propaganda
Educ. Indoctrination
Relig. Indoctrination
Police State
• Police used to keep
people in line
– Not to protect
– Use force to stop protests,
riots
• Monitor phone lines, mail,
use informants/spies
– Families/friends tell on each
other
• Police arrest and execute
millions of traitors
1937-1938 Great Purge
• Used to eliminate any
threat to his power.
– Political Rivals
• Old Bolsheviks etc.
– Stood trial, executed or
sent to labor camps
– Stalin gains total
control of govt. and
communist party
– 8-13 million people
died
KGB Badge
Soviet Censorship
•
Stalin’s govt. controls
all media:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Movies
Newspapers
Magazines
TV
Radio
Art
– All must be approved
by govt.
– NO Individual
creativity
Stalin Statues
Soviet Propaganda
• Used for propaganda glorifies:
– Soviet State
• Stalin and his programs
• Purpose of art is to show positive examples initiative
and heroic labor.
Stalin Poster
Marx, Engels, Lenin, Stalin
Education Indoctrination
• Government controls
education
– Pre-school to university
– Learn virtues of Communist
Party
– Professors, students must
glorify the state
• Or face imprisonment
• Taught to trust educators and
authorities over parents
– Every morning students
said:
• “Thank Comrade Stalin for this
happy life”
Religious Indoctrination
• **Goal is to replace religion
with communism**
– Many churches, synagogues
destroyed
– Religious leaders killed or sent to
labor camps
– League of Militant Godless
• spread propaganda attacking
religion
• Funded by govt.
• Russian Orthodox Church main
target
– Many secretly cling to religious
beliefs
1. Why did Stalin force Trotsky into exile?
2. What was Lenin’s main concern in regards to
Stalin?
3. Why does control of education help totalitarian
regimes become successful?
4. Why did children report their parents to the
secret police?