Transcript 11.3 US involvement

The War and US
Involvement
11.3 Notes
Terms and People
•
total war – channeling all of a nation’s resources into
a war effort
•
conscription – “the draft,” which required all young
men to be ready for military or other service
•
contraband – during wartime, military supplies and
raw materials needed to make military supplies that
may legally be confiscated by
any belligerent
•
Lusitania – a British liner torpedoed and sunk by a
German submarine in May 1915
Terms and People
•
propaganda – spreading ideas to promote or damage
a cause
•
atrocity – a horrible act committed against innocent
people
•
armistice – an agreement to end fighting
•
Fourteen Points – U.S. President Woodrow Wilson’s
list of terms for resolving World War I and future wars
•
self-determination – the right of people to choose
their own form of government
Economic Preparations
Recruit & draft young men (conscription)
 Raise taxes, borrow money (from the US)
 Liberty bonds
 Rationing, price fixing
 Total War = channeling a nation’s entire
resources into the war effort

Propaganda
Propaganda = the spreading of ideas to
promote a cause or damage an opposing
cause
 Control public opinion, censor news
 Sway people for or against

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Why was it important for both sides to
keep civilian morale high during the war?
• Total war meant civilians were needed
to produce war goods.
• Civilians were also needed to buy war
bonds to pay for the war.
• Unhappy civilians meant less work in
the factories.
• It could also demoralize soldiers
Women During the War

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
With fewer men at
home, women take
over jobs
Nurses w/ Red Cross
and military support
Helped support idea
of women’s equality
US Becomes Involved

US policy up to 1917


Isolationists
Unrestricted
submarine warfare


Response to British
blockade
Sank anything headed
for Allies
Ships sunk by U-boats,
May 1917–Jan. 1918
Lusitania sunk May 7, 1915
off the coast of Ireland
US Becomes Involved

Cultural ties




Mostly to Allies
propaganda
Financial Ties
Zimmerman Note


British capture note
Germany would help
Mexico regain Arizona,
Texas & N.M
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US Becomes Involved

April 1917 US enters war

“Make the world safe for democracy”

Arrival of US troops boosted morale, comes on
the heels of Russian pulling out of the war

Took time for US troops to get ready
What are three factors that led the
U.S. to enter the war?
1. Unrestricted submarine warfare - Lusitania
2. Cultural ties - allies, financial ties
3. Zimmerman Note
Fourteen Points


President Wilson’s list of
ways to end this war and
prevent others
Ideas: no secret treaties,
freedom of seas, formation
of League of Nations, free
trade, arms reduction
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Victory

Allies withstand huge
push (Battle of Marnes)

Counter and push back

Governments in Germany
and Austria collapse
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Armistice 11/11/18
11th hour, 11th day, 11th month
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