Transcript Ch 11.3 Winning the War

Winning the War
CH. 11.3
Total Warfare
The engaging of a nation’s enitre resources into the war
effort.
 Roll of the Government


Governments took a greater control of the economy.
Governments set up military conscription or “drafts”
 Governments told companies what to produce and in what
amounts.
 Governments set prices & wages
 Workers with specialized skills were used in the war
effort & were forbidden to strike.

Total Warfare cont.


Due to shortages of goods, governments turned to
rationing (food, fuel, metal, etc.).
Britain formed blockades
 kept ships, carrying supplies, from getting
in and out of Germany
 Germany engages unrestricted submarine
warfare
 Effected
civilians (supplies)
Total Warfare

Roll of Propaganda
 Propaganda
 The
spreading of ideas to promote a cause or
damage an opposing cause.
 Govt’s
feared reports would turn popular
opinion against the war.
 used
propaganda to increase the morale of the
soldiers.
 Every country used posters, books, and news
reports to inflame the hatred of the enemy.
Propaganda Posters
Hymn of Hate

We will never forego our hate,
Hate by water and hate by land,
Hate of the head and hate of the hand,
Hate of the hammer and hate of the
crown,
Hate of seventy millions choking down.
We love as one, we hate as one,
We have one foe and one alone-ENGLAND!
Women at War

Women played a major part in the war
effort
 Took
over manufacturing jobs, farmed, &
joined the armed forces
 Military nurses
 were
 War
close to the front lines, tending to casualties
work gave women a new sense of pride
and confidence
United States in WWI

Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
 Both
Germany & Britain imposed blockades
 Britain
went as far as to prevent food and clothing
from entering Germany
 German
subs (u-boats)
 Used
to sink any ships carrying goods to Britain
 Attacked merchant ships/American civilians in the
Atlantic

Ships carried supplies to allied countries.
United States in WWI
 Sinking
of the Lusitania
 May 1915, German u-boat sunk the British
liner Lusitania
 Aprox.
1,200 passengers killed, including 128
Americans
 President
Wilson threatens to cut off relations
with Germany
 Germany
campaign

agrees to restrict their submarine
U-boats would surface, give warning, and allow neutral
passengers to disembark
United States in WWI

Zimmerman Note
 Early
1917, British intercept a note from
Germany foreign Minister Arthur Zimmerman
to his ambassador in Mexico.
 Note
promised in return for Mexican support,
Germany would help them “to re-conquer the lost
territory in New Mexico, Texas, and Arizona’.
 April 1917 Wilson asks Congress to declare war. By
1918 2 million American troops join the Allies in
Europe.
Wilson's Plan for Peace

Fourteen Points
 January
1918, Wilson issues a list of terms for
resolving this and other future wars.
 End
to secret treaties
 Freedom of the Seas
 Large scale reduction of arms
 Self determination
 Creation of a “general association of nations”