Transcript Citing Sources

Citing Sources
Why Cite?
• If sources are not properly cited,
plagiarism will occur.
What is Plagiarism?
• Plagiarism:
– To steal and pass off (ideas or words of
another) as one’s own
– To use (another’s production) without
crediting the source
– To commit literary theft
– To present as new and original an idea or
product derived from an existing source
What is Considered Plagiarism?
– Plagiarism can occur deliberately or
accidentally.
 Some examples of deliberate plagiarism:
– hand in an assignment written by someone else
– copy part of another student's paper or use the
ideas of that student and pass it off as your
own
– pay someone to write your paper
– hand in downloaded texts, or copy and paste
directly from the Internet
– deliberately use another writer's ideas,
creations, images etc without identifying where
they came from.
Accidental Plagiarism
• Accidental plagiarism is the unwitting, unknowing form of
cheating and can include:
– you forget to identify where you found the
information
– you do not pay attention to where your
material(s) came from when paraphrasing (put
other writers' ideas into your own words)
– you use the exact words of another person
without quotation marks even though you've
said where the information came from
– you don't record where the information came
from when you take notes.
Consequences of Plagiarism
• The consequences of plagiarism
vary, but are usually severe.
• Plagiarism will result in suspension.
• Plagiarism will result in expulsion.
• Plagiarism will result in a “0” for you
and others.
• Plagiarism will result in criminal / civil
charges
What Doesn’t Need to be Cited
• Common knowledge does not need
to be cited.
• What is common knowledge?
– Christy Clark is the Premier of British
Columbia is common knowledge.
– Christy Clark is an idiot, is opinion and
therefore, not common knowledge.
• Also information which is not
necessarily common knowledge but
can be looked up easily may not need
to be cited.
• For example: Canada is multilingual.
What Needs Citation?
• You make a claim that could be
challenged.
• Example: Hot water freezes faster
than cold water
• You quote somebody
“I want to die peacefully in my sleep,
like my grandfather.. Not screaming and
yelling like the passengers in his car”
How to Not Plagarize!
From: “lifehack.org/advice-for-students-how-not-to-plagarize”
• Don’t copy entries from Wikipedia. Or
any online source, really, but Wikipedia
seems to be an especially easy target
for students — and it’s incredibly easy to
detect.
• Don’t cobble together the free
excerpts from several different “free
essay” sites. Seriously. Use your
melon.
• Don’t paste formatted text into your
papers.
• If you’re going to ignore the advice, at
least don’t just cut-an-paste with no
regard for formatting! Nothing says “this
paper was plagiarized” more clearly than
a Frankenstein’s monster patchwork of
fonts and text sizes scattered across your
page because you didn’t take the time to
reformat everything you pasted into your
document into a uniform typeface, size,
and color.
• IF YOU DON’T KNOW IF IT SHOULD
BE CITED….CITE IT.
• Better safe than sorry.
Help with not plagiarizing
• Acknowledge ALL Non-Original
Words and Ideas
– What's proper acknowledgement?
Usually it means including quotations to
indicate language you're using verbatim
and keeping thorough footnotes or
endnotes to document the sources of
ideas that are not your own
• Make It New
– The aim of all academic research is to
use existing ideas as a springboard for
your own
Difference between Plagiarism and
Paraphrasing
• Paraphrasing does not mean
changing a word or two in someone
else's sentence, changing the
sentence structure while maintaining
the original words, or changing a few
words to synonyms. If you are
tempted to rearrange a sentence in
any of these ways, you are writing
too close to the original. That's
plagiarism, not paraphrasing -
University or North Carolina
Paraphrase vs. Plagiarism
"The burly Khrushchev, seeking new
propaganda laurels, was eager to meet
with Eisenhower and pave the way for a
'summit conference' with Western
leaders."
• Changing a word or two (plagiarism)
The stocky Khrushchev, looking for new
propaganda recognition opportunities, was eager
to meet with President Eisenhower and to pave
the way for a joint conference with leaders from
the West.
"The burly Khrushchev, seeking new
propaganda laurels, was eager to meet
with Eisenhower and pave the way for a
'summit conference' with Western
leaders.”
• Rearranging sentence structure (plagiarism)
Seeking new propaganda laurels, Khrushchev was
eager to meet with Eisenhower. He wanted to
pave the way for a summit conference with
leaders from the West.
"The burly Khrushchev, seeking new propaganda
laurels, was eager to meet with Eisenhower and
pave the way for a 'summit conference' with
Western leaders.”
• Quoting fewer than all of the words (plagiarism)
"Khrushchev was eager to meet with Eisenhower
and pave the way for a 'summit conference' with
Western leaders."
How to Cite
• Write the following website down as
it provides examples on how to cite:
http://learningcommons.ubc.ca/whatwe-offer/citing-sources/
• Also this site will help with writing a
paper…trust me….this one’s good.
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/