Transcript Signs & symbols (good)

Signs & Symbols
Flow Charts
Circuit Diagrams
Drawing Symbols
Building Symbols
Building Plans
Graphic Communication
Castlehead High School
Technology Department
Signs
Signs are used to convey information in
pictorial form.
 This has many advantages over written
instructions.
 People who talk different languages can
understand the same common signs.
 Instructions for some tasks can be
clearer when given as drawings.

Technology Department
Signs & Symbols
Signs & symbols are commonly used in
everyday situations.
 Roadsigns, information, engineering
symbols, flow charts and circuit
diagrams are types of drawings that you
will need to know about for your exams.

Technology Department
Signs
There are different families of signs.
These are:
mandatory signs
prohibition signs
warning signs
safety signs
danger signs
Technology Department
Signs - Mandatory signs
These signs are blue in colour.
 They give a positive instruction. In other
words they tell you what to do rather
than what not to do.

Turn left
Technology Department
Signs - Prohibition signs
These signs are circular with a line
across the circle.
 They are red in colour.

No smoking
Technology Department
Signs - Warning signs
These signs are yellow.
 They are normally triangular but can be
other shapes.

Technology Department
Signs - Safety Signs

These signs tell people of safe places to
go or safe conditions.
Technology Department
Signs - Danger signs
These signs warn people of dangerous
situations.
 Commonly found on roadsigns and the
back of long vehicles.

Technology Department
Signs
There are also general information
signs used for a number of different
purposes.
 Some common signs are shown over
the next few slides.

Technology Department
Signs - Kitemark
The Kitemark is used to tell consumers
that the products they buy are safety
tested to BSI standards.
 All products sold must carry this
Kitemark to be legally sold.

The British
Standards
Kitemark.
Technology Department
Signs - Fragile

This mark is placed on breakable
objects’ packaging to tell people
handling the box to treat it with care.
The Fragile
symbol.
Technology Department
Signs - Recycled
This mark is placed on recycled objects
to tell the consumer that they are buying
a recycled product.
 This is a big advertising point as
companies like their products to be
seen as being environmentally friendly.

Technology Department
Signs - Disabled

This is used to show disabled access.
Technology Department
Signs - male & female

These signs are used commonly to
distinguish the male and female toilets.
Technology Department
Flow Charts
A Flow Chart is a method of showing
the correct steps to follow in order to
complete some type of problem.
 There are some symbols used in flow
charts to show certain processes that
have to be done when completing the
problem.

Technology Department
Flow Charts

These symbols are shown below.
Process
Start/Stop
Decision
Input/Output
Technology Department
Flow Charts
Start
Has button
been pushed?
Yes

An example of a
flow chart for a
pelican crossing is
shown:
Amber light on
Wait 2
Red light on
Wait 10
Red light off
Amber light flash
Wait 5
Green light on
No
Technology Department
Circuit Diagrams



When electrical circuits are designed,
standard symbols are used to tell people
what the different components are.
This is so people from different countries
and areas can understand the drawings.
It would be dangerous for a person to wire
a circuit up incorrectly simply because they
did not understand the drawing!
Technology Department
Circuit Diagrams


These symbols are drawn to British
Standards.
You have to know some of them. These
are drawn over the next two slides.
switch (general symbol)
cross-overs
junctions
Technology Department
Circuit Diagrams
bulb
battery
electric bell
microphone
loudspeaker
Technology Department
Drawing Symbols
Drawings use many different line types
to show different parts of an object.
 These are standardised so that anyone
can understand what is meant by a
particular line type regardless of where
they come from.

Technology Department
Drawing Symbols
Orthographic drawings are drawn in
Third Angle Projection.
 This is a standard drawing layout
covered in the tutorial on orthographic
projection where the 3 views are drawn
in the direction you are looking at them.

Technology Department
Drawing Symbols
The 3rd Angle Projection symbol is
shown below.
 This is normally included on a drawing
to tell people the standard it is drawn in.

Technology Department
Drawing Symbols
Different line types used include:
outlines
projection lines
hidden detail
centre lines
cutting planes
fold lines
Technology Department
Drawing Symbols - Outlines
Outlines are used to show the outline of
an object.
 They are thicker than projection lines.
 Drawn at 0.7mm thick.

Technology Department
Drawing Symbols - Projection Lines
Projection lines are used to help
construct a drawing.
 They are not part of the outline of the
drawing and are drawn lightly and thin.

Technology Department
Drawing Symbols - Hidden Detail
Hidden detail lines are used to show
any part of an object that cannot be
seen but does exist.
 They are dashed lines.

Technology Department
Drawing Symbols - Centre Lines
Centre lines are used to show the
centre of circles or lines of symmetry.
 They are drawn as a series of long and
short dashes.

Technology Department
Drawing Symbols - Cutting Planes




Cutting planes are used to show where an
object is cut in a sectional drawing.
The arrows tell us what direction the cut is to
be viewed.
The letters are the label of the section.
The ends of the cutting plane are drawn
slightly thicker than the rest of it.
X
X
Technology Department
Drawing Symbols - Fold Lines

Fold lines are used to show where
surface developments should be folded.
Technology Department
Building Symbols
Engineers need to use symbols to show
the different materials used in building a
house.
 This is law as when submitting planning
permission a company must be able to
prove the quality of the houses or
buildings they want to build.

Technology Department
Building Symbols

These are some common symbols that
you will need to remember.
Shower tray
Sink top
Bath
Sink
Radiator
Washbasin
Technology Department
Building Symbols

These are some common symbols that
you will need to remember.
In-line valve
(any type)
Crossover
Window
Door
Sawn wood
Junctions
Technology Department
Building Symbols

These are some common symbols that
you will need to remember.
Bulb
Switch
Socket
Insulation
Brickwork
Concrete
Technology Department
Storyboards
Storyboards give step by step
instructions on how to operate
something using pictures to illustrate
what is to be done at each stage.
 Short statements further help the user
understand what to do.
 They are often found on change
machines and in electrical appliance
instructions.

Technology Department
Storyboards
These are advantageous as a person
does not have to speak any specific
language to understand what to do.
 The written instructions are kept very
short which helps people who, for any
reason, cannot read things properly.
 Often the statements are also given in
many different languages to help
foreigners.

Technology Department
Building drawings
A number of different drawings are
required to be completed and submitted
to the local authorities when developers
want to build new buildings.
 This group of drawings is called a
Project Set.

Technology Department
Project Set

A project set consists of a number of different
drawings including
– elevations
– sketches
– sectional drawings
– schematic diagrams
– location plans
– site plans
– floor plans
Technology Department
Project Set
Elevations, sketches and sectional
drawings are required to view the actual
building.
 Schematic diagrams are used by
tradesmen to install any electrical circuit
work or plumbing and heating.
 Schematic diagrams use British
Standards symbols covered in these
slides.

Technology Department
Location Plans
This type of drawing shows the position
of the new building in its surrounding
area.
 It is as if you are looking at the building
from an aeroplane above.
 It is normally drawn to a scale of
1:1250.

Technology Department
Location Plans

This is an example of a location plan.
Technology Department
Site Plans
This type of drawing shows the building
from closer in than a Location Plan.
 It is like a bird is looking down at it.
 It shows the building in its immediate
surrounding area.
 It is normally drawn at a scale of 1:200.

Technology Department
Site Plans

This is an example of a site plan.
Technology Department
Floor Plans
This type of drawing shows the internal
layout of a building including the
materials used in the walls.
 Any electrical appliances fitted will also
be drawn like, radiators, electrical
sockets and switches.
 This type of drawing is normally drawn
at a scale of 1:50.

Technology Department
Floor Plans

This is an
example of a
floor plan.
Showing the
room layout.