Transcript Project design - An-Najah National University

An-Najah National University
Faculty of Engineering
Building department
Climate Responsive Design For
Administrative Building In different
climate zones in Palestine
By :
Bara Thaher
Mohammad Sameer
Osama Joma’a
Supervisor :
Dr Sameh Mona
4/9/2016
1
Outline:

Project description

Methodology for solutions

Project design( Architectural , environmental
, Structural , Mechanical, Electrical)

Recommendations for selection of environmental
elements according to climate differences
Project description
Why administrative buildings:

Our project is a redesign and suggestion of
administrative building.

These type of buildings are important as it is
used in many fields of usage in different climate
zones such as .

The building designers establish these type of
buildings without an overview to climate
differences.
Project description (cont.)
Why administrative buildings:

The employers of these type of buildings are not
responsible for the energy bill, so they switch on
the mechanical systems to reach their comfort
zone.
This will cost the government
a lot of expenses.

Project description (cont.)

We considered education and higher education
building in Tulkarm.
Project description (cont.)


Four floors and ground floor building and 256
m² for each floor.
East west orientation , and the entrance form
east elevation .
Project description (cont.)
Project problems

Orientation of the building east-west.
solar design is not taken
into consideration.

Consumes a large amount of
energy because there is a huge
amount of air conditioners

Project problems (cont.)

The east elevation contain large glassing areas.
number of elevators is small compared
to the size of the building.


There are no emergency staircase.

No shading.

The parking capacity is not enough.
Methodology for solutions.
we have divided building solutions into three
categories to compare.

Category 1: existed building in Tulkarm.

Category 2: suggested solutions for the existed
building in Tulkarm.

Category 3: the effect of climate diversity on the
building.
Project design :
Architectural solutions
Project design :
Architectural solutions (cont.)

East elevation.
Project design :
Architectural solutions (cont.)

West elevation.
Project design :
Architectural solutions (cont.)

North elevation.
Project design :
Architectural solutions (cont.)

South elevation.
Project design :
Environmental analyzing.
We used ECOTICT simulation program to
analyze:
Day lighting levels.
 Thermal insulation.

We take a room in each elevation in
existed and suggested buildings to be
analyzed.
Project design :
Environmental analyzing (cont.)
Daylight analysis:
Project design :
Environmental analyzing (cont.)
East room analysis in existed building.
Project design :
Environmental analyzing (cont.)
East room analysis in suggested building.
Project design :
Environmental analyzing (cont.)
From the previous analysis, the output of
ECOTICT program was as follow:
Project design :
Environmental analyzing (cont.)
Thermal analysis
Using ECOTICT program, we analyzed
the second floor in existed and suggested
buildings, and extracted the simulation
output.
Project design :
Environmental analyzing (cont.)
Buildings thermal mass and walls layers.
Project design :
Environmental analyzing (cont.)
The existing and suggestion building have the same
partition layers.
Project design :
Environmental analyzing (cont.)
Types of window:
Project design :
Environmental analyzing (cont.)
We divide the second floor to four zone .
Project design :
Environmental analyzing (cont.)
The output from the analysis are shown in
the following table:
Heating load comparison:
Cooling load comparison:
Project design :
Environmental analyzing (cont.)
Solar chimney:
Project design :
Environmental analyzing (cont.)
Solar window:
Project design :
Environmental analyzing (cont.)
Shading:
Project design :
Environmental analyzing (cont.)
Air conditions water disposal.
Project design :
Structural Analysis and Design
we redesigned the existing building in Tulkarm
according to the followings:



The American Concrete Institute code ACI 31805.
The seismic design according to UBC-97.
The analysis and design were done using
SAP2000 program.
Project design :
Structural Analysis and Design (cont.)
Design data :



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1. Compressive strength :
f \c =24 Mpa
2.Yielding strength of steel
The yield strength of steel for flexure Fy= 420Mpa.
3. Bearing capacity of soil
the bearing capacity of soil Qall.= 20Mpa.
4. Slab thickness
One way ribbed slab is selected in design.
The longest span (one end continues) = 4.55 m.
The thickness of slab (h) = 455/18.5=24.6 cm
we used 25 cm as a thickness of slab.
Project design :
Structural Analysis and Design (cont.)
4.Beams dimension
type
Dimension (mm)
Main beams
250*550 drop 300*250
Secondary beams
250*400
Edge beams
300*400
5.columns dimension
Group
Dimension (mm)
reinforcement
C1
300*500
12ɸ14
C2
300*600
14 ɸ14
Project design :
Structural Analysis and Design (cont.)
Columns types and distribution
Project design :
Structural Analysis and Design (cont.)
3D Model Checks :
•
Compatibility
check
Project design :
Structural Analysis and Design (cont.)
•
Maximum
deflections
Project design :
Structural Analysis and Design (cont.)
•
Equilibrium checks
Manual
SAP
Error%
S.I.D
11040
10560
4.34 %
Live load
3690
3683
0.27 %
Project design :
Structural Analysis and Design (cont.)
•
Check participating mass ratio:
Project design :
Structural Analysis and Design (cont.)
•
Slab moments from sap
Project design :
Structural Analysis and Design (cont.)
Slab reinforcement
Project design :
Structural Analysis and Design (cont.)
•
Reinforcement of a section in slab
Bottom steel
Top steel
2ɸ18mm
2ɸ12mm
Project design :
Structural Analysis and Design (cont.)
•
Design of beams
Project design :
Structural Analysis and Design (cont.)
Project design :
Structural Analysis and Design (cont.)
•
Design of stairs
Project design :
Structural Analysis and Design (cont.)
•
Design of footings
Group
Footing dimension Footing reinforcement
(B*L*H) m
F1
(2.00*1.80*0.35)
9ɸ14 long direction
10ɸ14 short direction
F2
(2.20*2.00*0.35)
12ɸ14 long direction
13ɸ14 short direction
Project design :
Structural Analysis and Design (cont.)
•
Reinforcement of the windows
Project design :
Mechanical design
•
Elevator System Design.
•
Water Supply Systems.
•
Drainage Water Systems Design.
•
HVAC System Design.
Project design :
Mechanical design (cont.)
Elevator System Design.
After making calculations for the required elevators
the result was:
The elevator type is motor driven
elevator with a sliding door we use 2
elevator type (2500/350)
Project design :
Mechanical design (cont.)
Water Supply Systems.
we took the third floor as sample of
calculations :
• we use 1.5’’ for main vertical cooled
Pipe
• We used 1’’ for main vertical heat Pipe
 We used 1.25'' for main horizontal
cooled pipe
Project design :
Mechanical design (cont.)
Water Supply Systems (cont.)
•We used 3/4 for main horizontal heat
• We used 3/8'' for sink.
• We used 3/8 '' for flush tank.
Project design :
Mechanical design (cont.)
Water Supply Systems (cont.)
Project design :
Mechanical design (cont.)
Drainage Water Systems Design.
After doing calculation for plumbing
system we used for :
• stack diameter 4’’.
• Lavatory pipe diameter 2’’.
• floor drain pipe diameter 3’’.
• Sewage Manholes pipe 4’’.
• Dischage pipe 4’’
Project design :
Mechanical design (cont.)
Drainage Water Systems Design (cont.)
Project design :
Mechanical design (cont.)
Drainage Water Systems Design (cont.)
Project design :
Mechanical design (cont.)
DISCHAGE PIPE:
Project design :
Mechanical design (cont.)
•HVAC System Design.
Form ECOTICT, results of heating and
cooling load for the zone as flow:
:
First zone
Second zone
Third zone
Fourth zone
Heating load
6360
4103
5441
2501
Cooling load
13972
12687
29968
25046
Project design :
Mechanical design (cont.)
•HVAC System Design (cont.).
We use cooling load to design and diffuser
which diffuse 400 CFM for room and
other diffuse 200 CFM for Corridor . We
use Design Tools Ducts Size Version
6.4 to find duct size .
Project design :
Mechanical design (cont.)
•HVAC System Design (cont.).
Cooling load
First zone
13.972
4
Second zone
12.687
4
Third zone
29.988
9
Furth zone
26.064
7
Project design :
Mechanical design (cont.)
•HVAC System Design (cont.).
Project design :
Electrical design.

Lighting Design:
we used lumens method to find required
number of lighting units.
Used (F14T12) lighting units
The required lumens for offices 500 lux.
For corridor 100 lux.
For bath room 120 lux.
Workplace height is 60 cm
Project design :
Electrical design.
We will take planning room sample of calculation
diminutions (4.3*3.8*2.4)m
Reflection coefficient of the roof = 70%
Reflection coefficient of the wall = 50%
E=500 Lux
use F100T17------------Flux =4750Lum
Kr = (L*W)/(Hm*(L+W))=(3.8*4.3)/(2.4*(3.8+4.3))
Kr =0.8
Uf=.35
Df=LLD*LDD*RSDD------------- Clean
DF= .85*.85*.85 =.61
E=(n*f*uf*df)/(A)
500 = (n * 4750 *.35 * 0.61)\15.9
N= n\4 = 15.15\4 = 4 Laminar
Project design :
Electrical design.
Project design :
Electrical design.
Project design :
Electrical design.
Project design :
Electrical design.
Electrical load
Project design :
Electrical design.
Electrical load
Project design :
Electrical design.
Electrical load
Project design :
Electrical design.
DIAlux:
Project design :
Electrical design.
DIAlux:
Recommendations for selection of
environmental elements according to climate
differences
After analysis and study we found out
recommended choices for environmental
elements for buildings according to their
climate diversity as follows:
Orientation
orientation
Jericho
South-north
Nablus
South-north
Tulkarm
South-north
Recommendations for selection of
environmental elements according to climate
differences (cont.)
Shading
Shading
Jericho
Full shading
Nablus
In summer
Tulkarm
In summer
Thermal Mass
Thermal mass
Insulation
Jericho
Lower
Lower
Nablus
Higher
Higher
Tulkarem
Moderate
Moderate
Recommendations for selection of
environmental elements according to climate
differences (cont.)
ventilation
ventilation
Jericho
Mechanical
and natural
Nablus
Natural
Tulkarm
natural
openings
Large opening
in:
height to width
Jericho
No large
openings
height >> width
Nablus
North and south
Tulkarm
North and south
height => width
height => width
Recommendations for selection of
environmental elements according to climate
differences (cont.)
Heating and cooling to be designed
Heating
Cooling
Jericho
Not to be
designed
To be designed
Nablus
To be designed
Tulkarm
To be designed
To be designed
To be designed
Shape of building
Shape
Jericho
Nablus
Square with core Square
inside
Tulkarm
rectangular