Transcript Interior Design Legislation

INTERIOR DESIGN
LEGISLATION
Your right to practice!
Title vs Practice Act
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Title Acts are laws that legislate the title of interior
designer. In order to call yourself an interior
designer, you may need certain requirements (varies
by state) such as a FIDER education, NCIDQ exam
and a specified number of years experience.
Practice Act is more stringent. This law stipulates
who can practice interior design.
Question: Which state was the first to pass
legislation?
Alabama was the first!
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Title Act was in 1982
Practice Act was in 2001
Interior Designer and Registered Interior Designer
Must be from a FIDER/CIDA accredited school
2 years experience
Update on Alabama Practice Act
Justice Parker stated,
"If the public interest is not threatened by allowing homeowners and businesspersons to
design their own houses and offices, it is difficult to understand how that interest is
threatened by allowing them to retain interior designers who are not certified."
He concluded by saying:
“Not only are [the appellee designer's] rights to contract and to engage in her chosen
occupation at stake in this case, but also the rights of the people of Alabama to
contract with her. If a homeowner or businessperson wants to express himself by
decorating his home or his office in a certain way, and if that person believes
[appellee designer] can best provide the design that he desires, the State should not
tell that person that he may not contract with [appellee designer] merely because
[appellee designer] lacks state certification or an academic degree. Nor should this
Court embrace the paternalistic notion that the average citizen is incapable of
choosing a competent interior designer without the State's help. The economic liberty
of contract remains a protected right in Alabama, especially in a field like interior
design that involves expressive activity."
”
Legislative Map
Opposition to Legislation
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AIA
NKBA
Institute of Justice
Interior Design Freedom Coalition
Decorators
Enforcing Legislation
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State licensing board
Fines for each incident (not project)
CEU’s
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Continuing Education Units
Ranges from 5 – 10 hours per year of additional
education
Must be related to health, safety and welfare
Obtained thru ASID and IIDA and be IDCEC
approved.
CHAPTER 2
Special Considerations in Design
Two Important Design Considerations
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Design for special needs
ADA American with Disabilities Act of 1990
 Universal Design
 Ambulatory impaired
 Hearing impaired
 Visual impaired
 Elderly
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Environmental Considerations
Waste
 Air pollution
 Light and energy
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What is ADA?
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The ADA is a federal civil law signed into legislation
on July 26th, 1990 by President George Bush.
It prohibits discrimination against people with
disabilities.
It is designed to make American society more
accessible to persons with disabilities.
Background
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The ADA laws became enforceable in 1992 and
1993.
The ADA is divided into 5 parts, regulating:
 Employment
 Public
Services
 Public Accommodations
 Telecommunications
 Miscellaneous
Part III: Public Accommodations
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Refers mainly to accessibility requirement of public
buildings including:
 Hotels,
restaurants, auditoriums, shopping centers,
banks, hospitals, museums, libraries, educational
facilities, child care centers, and recreational facilities
 This is the section that we will focus on.
Myths and Facts about ADA
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MYTH: ADA requires business to spend lots of money to make their
existing facilities accessible.
FACT: ADA law requires that public accommodations remove
architectural barriers in existing facilities when it is “readily achievable”
(Can be done “without much difficulty or expense.” Easy steps include
adding ramps, installing grab bars, lowering paper towel dispensers,
rearranging furniture, installing offset hinges to widen a doorway,
painting new lines to create an accessible parking space.
Myths and Facts about ADA
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MYTH: The government thinks everything is “readily
achievable”.
FACT: Not true: Installing elevators is not
considered “readily achievable.” Maybe there isn’t
room to add a ramp, the business could provide
curb-side service.
Myths and Facts about ADA
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MYTH: The ADA requires extensive renovation of all state and local
government buildings to make them accessible.
FACT: The ADA requires all government programs, not buildings to be
accessible. Not every building, nor each part of every building need to be
accessible. Structural modifications are required only when there is no
alternative available for providing program access. Example: A library has an
inaccessible second floor. No elevator is needed if a staff member retrieves
the books needed.
Myths and Facts about ADA
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MYTH: Businesses must pay large fines when they violate the ADA
FACT: Courts may levy civil penalties only in cases brought by the
Justice Department, not private litigants. The Department only seeks
such penalties when the violation is substantial and the business has
shown bad faith in failing to comply. The Department also considers a
business’ size and resources in determining whether civil penalties are
appropriate.
What is an accessible route?
An accessible route is a continuous, unobstructed path
connecting all accessible elements and spaces in a
building or facility. This includes pathways,
corridors, doorways, floors, ramps, elevators and
clear floor space at fixtures.
RAMPS
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Clear width shall be 44”
Landings shall be at least 60” in length
Slope rise to run ratio of 1:12
For every 30” rise, there should be an intervening flat
area.
Handrails should extend 12” beyond the top and bottom
ramp landings.
Handrails should have 1 ½” space between the handrail
and wall.
Entrances, Exits, and Interior Routes
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36” Clear space beyond the latch side of the entrance door.
12-18” clear space at latch side of interior doors.
32” clear width on door openings.
Door hardware not higher than 48”.
Lever style door hardware.
Maximum opening force of 8.5 lbs on exterior hinged doors.
Maximum opening force of 5 lbs on interior doors.
Threshold not higher than ½” with beveled edge.
For two doors in a series, there must be 48” between the open doors.
Sweep period of door closing should be at least 3 seconds.
Signs must be provided to denote the accessible route.
Floor area inside and outside each door should be level for a distance of 5’
from the direction the door swings.
Doors should be identified with either raised or indented letters/ numerals
which identify the area.
Doors signs should be placed between 4’-6” – 5’-6” AFF.
Maneuvering
Clearances
Obstructions
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80” clear headroom to avoid overhead hazards. (Includes
alarms, and signs)
Routes should be clear of water fountains, pay phones
and other protruding objects. Objects with their leading
edges between 27 and 80” high shall not protrude more
than 4” into the route.
Objects with their leading edge at 27” or below may
protrude any amount as long as the route does not reduce
pathway clearance below 36” wide.
One 60” x 60” passing space every 200 feet
Protruding Objects…
Accessible
Telephones
Accessible Controls
Stairs
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Uniform step heights from 4” - 7” high
Tread depths at 11”
No overhang greater than 1 ½”
Handrails extend 12” past last step
Restrooms
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At least one restroom is provide on an accessible route.
Unobstructed 60” x 60” space for wheelchair turn around.
Toilet should be 18” from centerline to wall or adjacent partition.
Toilet seat should be 17”-20” high
Stall door shall be 32” clear
Standard accessible stall is 56” x 60”
Grab bars at 33” – 36” AFF and 36” or 42” wide
Lever style faucets
Hot/cold pipe (if exposed) shall be covered
Counter tops not higher than 34” AFF with at least 29” clearance from
floor to top of apron.
Clear floor space in front of sink shall be 30” x 48”
Mirrors shall be mounted with the bottom edge mounted no higher than
40” AFF
Page 183 of The Codes Guidebook for Interiors
Lavatory
Clearances
Drinking Fountains
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One drinking fountain for every 75 occupants.
Each floor must have it’s own fountain.
If available, 50% should be accessible on each floor.
If only one available, is it on an accessible route.
Spout shall be no higher than 36” AFF
Recessed fountains shall have 24” maximum side walls
and 30” minimum width.
Clear floor space of 30’ x 48”
Universal Design
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Design that meets the needs of all users without
drawing attention to to persons with disabilities.
It is not the ADA.
Homes should be planned universally
Universal recommendations
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Lever type handles
Hard surface flooring
Little to no thresholds (1/2” minimum)
Wider doors (32” clearance)
Level plan (no steps)
Varying counter top heights with kneespace in
kitchen
Taller toe kick (12” vs 4”)
Reinforcing walls for future grab bars
Wheelchair Accessible shower
“D” shaped pulls on cabinets
Window sills at a min. of 36” AFF
Hearing Impaired
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Reduce noise reverberation and improve
acoustics. (carpet or fabric wall coverings, ceiling
tiles)
Good lighting for lip reading and signing
Round tables are better than square or
rectangular
Visual warning signs are needed. Telephone,
doorbell, alarm clock, fire alarm, crying baby.
Special phone systems TDD (Telecommunication
device for the deaf
Visual Impairment
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Design around hearing and touch
Textured door handles to indicate danger
Landing and curbs that are textures
Handrails 1 foot beyond last step
Always consider protruding objects
Signage with Braille and audible signals
Rounded edges on furniture and counterops
Design for the Elderly
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Limited mobility, loss of hearing, and loss of vision
Also, memory loss
Use visual contrast (depth perception)
Wayfinding
Yellowing of cornea
Incontinence
ENVIRONMENTAL
CONSIDERATIONS
Challenge to Society
“We stand at a crossroads.
For the first time we face the prospect of irreversible
changes in our planet’s life support systems. The growing human population and
the by-products of our industrial and technological society threaten our planets
air, water, climate and biodiversity. These threats present a challenge to our
society – to learn to live in harmony with our planet.”
The Center for Environmental Studies
Sustainable Design Definition
Sustainable design, also referred to as green design, is the design of
products and structures with sensitivity to health and the environment.
Special consideration is placed on the impact of materials on the
environment, not only in the conservation of natural resources, but also in
the health of built environments to the individuals that occupy them.
Leading the way
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Manufacturers and the design community can lead
the way to easing the burden on our country’s
landfills.
 Through
manufacturing processes
 And disposal of products
The environmental impact
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of building is significant. In the US alone, buildings
represent
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65.2 % of electricity consumption
30% of total greenhouse gas emissions
136 million tons of construction and demolition waste
33% of total waste in North America is from
construction renovation and demolition of buildings.
The US is falling behind!
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While efforts are increasing to conserve, America
is falling way behind other countries
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North America makes up 5% of the worlds
population yet uses 25% of the worlds energy.
People are consuming the earth’s resources 20%
faster than its ability to support renewal.
What does this mean?
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It means that the US is not doing its part to be the
world leader.
If China and other developing nations were to
emulate America’s resource consumption and
wasteful lifestyle, the world would plunge into a
tremendous economic and environmental crisis.
New Energy Law
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Bans incandescent light bulbs by 2014
The phase-out of incandescent light is to
begin with the 100-watt bulb in 2012
and end in 2014 with the 40-watt.
All light bulbs must use 25 percent to
30 percent less 2014. By 2020, bulbs
must be 70 percent more efficient than
they are today.
WHAT IS LEED?
Leadership in Energy and Environmental
Design (LEED®)
LEED Certification
AIA Honolulu, LEED-CI Gold
Intergen, LEED-CI Certified
LEED is a voluntary, consensus-based national standard (1999) for developing
high-performance, sustainable buildings. Members of the U.S. Green Building
Council (USGBC) representing all segments of the building industry developed
LEED and continue to contribute to its evolution.
LEED was created to:
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define "green building" by establishing a common standard of
measurement
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promote integrated, whole-building design practices
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recognize environmental leadership in the building industry
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stimulate green competition
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raise consumer awareness of green building benefits
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transform the building market
LEED Rating Systems
LEED focuses on
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Sustainable sites
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Water efficiency
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Energy and atmosphere
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Materials and resources
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Indoor environmental air quality
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Innovation and design process
Waste and Green Products
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Renewable products (10 year cycle) vs. non
renewable
Bamboo
 Cork
 rubber
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Exotic woods and hardwoods are not renewable
Use Non-toxic (low VOC) materials that don’t offgas
Look for antimicrobial finishes
 No asbestos
 No formaldehyde
 No PVC
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Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC’s)
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Asbestos: best known VOC and environmental concern
Used in resilient flooring prior to the 1980’s
Used in ceiling coatings (Commons)
EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) and OSHA
(Occupational Safety and Health Administration)
regulate the handling of asbestos materials.
Formaldehyde (VOC)
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Used in many products
you will specify
Kitchen cabinets
 RTA furniture
 Any product made of
particle board,
oriented strand board
or MDF (Multi-Density
Fiberboard)
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Why is formaldehyde used?
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Glue and adhesive in pressed wood (as a
preservative)
Preservative in paints and coatings
As a coating for permanent press qualities for
draperies
Insulation materials
Symptoms of Formaldehyde
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Watery eyes
Burning sensations in the eyes, ears, nose and throat
Nausea
Coughing
Chest thightness
Wheezing
Skin rashes
Allergic reactions
Reducing Formaldehyde
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Manufacturers have new processes to control
formaldehyde emission
US standards are the lowest in the world.
Other ways to reduce emission
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Let product age
Use low emission resin technology
Use formaldehyde scavengers (sulfite or ammonia
compounds)
Use coatings and laminates (reduce by 95%) as a vapor
barrier
Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC)
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An inexpensive material that is very durable
Used in flooring
A source for Dioxin which is the most potent carcinogen
known to science
Causes dysfunctions in the immune and reproductive
systems as well as birth defects.
Avoid products that contain PVC.
How do you find Green Products?
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Look for the labels and read the specs
Learn how a product was manufacturered and
shipped
Green Seal
Energy Star
CRI Labels