Transcript The EU policy framework for energy efficiency and RES

The EU policy framework for
energy
efficiency and RES in

buildings
Brussels, COCOF meeting 23 March 2011
Michaela Holl
European Commission
Directorate-General for Energy
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Broader EU policy framework for
sustainable energy
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The new European Energy Efficiency Plan
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Adopted on 8 March 2011, (COM 2011 (109) final),
will now be discussed by Council and EP!
Provides strategic framework for EE policy in
Europe up to 2020 and beyond
To be followed up by legislative proposals e.g.
recast of Energy Services Directive in June 2011
Messages include:
 Conditionality on the spending of public funds
 Innovative financial instruments
 Energy service companies
 Increased role of energy companies
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The new European Energy Efficiency Plan
and the building sector
In going beyond the requirements of the EPBD recast it underlines:
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Need for more stringent EE criteria in public spending in
buildings
Suggests 3 % (of floor area) annual refurbishment target
for public authorities buildings = doubling of current rate in
EU!
Announces new legislative initiative on energy performance
contracting (including contracting in buildings sector) for
2011
Highlights need for training of the workforce
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The 2050 roadmap for low-carbon economy
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Adopted also on 8 March 2011 (2011 (112)
final)
20 % reduction in EE = 25 % reduction in
CO2 by 2020
Additional investment: € 270 billion annually
2010-2050, or 1.5% of GDP on top of
current 19%
Crucial role of building sector: Emissions
here could be reduced by 90 % by 2050
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The 2050 roadmap for low-carbon economy
100%
80%
0%
Power Sector
-20%
Current policy
60%
Residential & Tertiary
-40%
Industry
40%
-60%
Transport
20%
-80%
Non CO2 Agriculture
Non CO2 Other Sectors
0%
1990
2000
2010
2020
2030
2040
-100%
2050
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An extensive EU legal framework
Overarching
Buildings
Products
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..
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...
Energy end-use efficiency and energy services Directive
Effort Sharing Decision
Energy performance of buildings Directive (recast and
original) 2002/91/EC and 2010/31/EU
RES Directive
Construction products regulation
Ecodesign Directive (recast and original)
Energy Labelling Directive (recast and original)
Regulation of Energy Star labelling for office equipment
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The Energy Performance in Buildings
Directive (EPBD)
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 EPBD makes energy efficiency visible!
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EPBD recast
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Published in OJ: June 2010, Transposition July 2012;
Application by Jan/July 2013
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EPBD recast will also be transposed in EFTA and
Energy Community countries!
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Continuity with 2002 Directive: Main principles are kept,
but made more effective (certificates, inspections)
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Elimination of the 1000 m2 threshold for existing
buildings
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Obligatory use of the performance indicator given in the
certificate in all advertisements for sale or rent
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EPBD recast
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Introduces for the first time cost effectiveness into the
development of building codes in the EU – as of 2013 all
MS have to assess investment and life time running
costs (including energy) when setting minimum
requirements
→ Commission will present a regulation on a framework
methodology for cost optimal requirements by June
2011
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Initiates transformation of the building sector towards
„nearly zero energy buildings“ (which includes RES)
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EPBD recast 2010/31/EU and nearly zero
energy policy
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All new buildings in the EU by 31 December 2020 will have to be nearly
zero energy buildings (before that: cost optimal requirements)
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Public authorities have to be nearly zero by 31 December 2018
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MS have to establish a national definition based on Directive “Art 2(2): “a
building that has a very high energy performance (…) nearly zero or very
low amount of energy required should be covered to a significant extent by
RES, including onsite and nearby”
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Intermediate targets to be set by 2015, MS to adopt policy plans for nearly
zero energy
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For existing buildings: MS shall take measures towards nearly zero energy
buildings, can also include targets
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Buildings policy in the RES Directive
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Member States shall recommend the use of renewable energy
sources and district heating (Art. 13.3)
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Minimum RES levels by 2014 in new buildings and major
renovations
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Exemplary role of public buildings by 2012
http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/transparency_platfor
m/action_plan_en.htm
RENEWABLE ENERGY DIRECTIVE
|
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 Recast EPBD and NZEB
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EE first, then RES (Recital 15:
“alternative supply systems
should be considered for new
buildings (…) first ensuring that
energy needs for heating and
cooling are reduced” )
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At national level (example
DK): building requirements at
the moment include only EE
options, standards for 2015
phase in solar thermal, long
term objectives for 2020 add
PV. Note: Might be slightly
different for a southern
climate!
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 NZEB – what is needed?
Danish building codes show:
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Current building code 45 kwh/m2/a gross energy used for heating and hot
water cooling and ventilation; = 25 % reduction compared to 2008 can be fully
met with only EE. No RES appliance yet needed.
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For the 2015 standard (30 kwh/m2/a = 50 % reduction to 2008) technologies
needed are: 40 cm insulation, triple glazed windows tight building envelope
and ventilation with heat recovery and some solar heating. This is expected to
be cost optimal by 2015.
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Beyond 2015, you have reached the boundaries of the building only and have
to go beyond (=RES off-site) (offshore wind etc).
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Buildings standard 2020 (planned)( 20 kwh/m²/a = 75 % reduction to 2008)
needs PV installation and/or similar RES. Is not expected to be fully cost
effective by 2020.
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
AT
Current low energy buildings in EU MS
LEB = annual heating energy consumption below 60-40
KWh/m² gross area 30 % above standard performance)
Passivehaus = Feist passive house standard (15 kWh/m²
heating demand, 120 kwh/m² all energy uses)
BE (Fl) Low Energy Class 1 for houses: 40 % lower than standard
levels, 30 % lower for office and school buildings
Very low Energy class: 60 % reduction for houses, 45 % for
schools and office buildings
CZ
Low energy class: 51 – 97 kWh/m2 p.a.
Very low energy class: below 51 kWh/m² p.a., also passive house
standard of 15 kWh/m2
DE
LEB = kfW60 (60kWh/(m²·a) or KfW40 (40 kWh/(m²·a))
maximum energy consumption
Passive House see AT
Source:
Thomsen/Wittchen, European national strategies to move towards very low energy buildings, SBI (Danish Building Research Institute) 2008
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DK
FI
FR
UK
Ct’d
Low Energy Class 1 = performance is 50% lower than
requirement for new buildings
Low Energy Class 2 = performance is 25% lower than
requirement for new buildings (i.e. 70 + 2200/A kWh/m² per year
where A is the heated gross floor area)
LEB: 40 % better than standard buildings
New dwellings: average consumption for HWCVL less than 50
kWh/m² (in primary energy). This ranges from 40 kWh/m² to 65
kWh/m² depending on climatic area and altitude.
Other buildings: the average annual requirement for HWCVL 50%
lower than requirements for new buildings
For renovation: 80 kWh/m² as of 2009
New: Stepwise approach: 2010 level 3 (25% better than current
regulations), 2013 level 4 (44% almost similar to PassivHaus),
2016 level 5 (zero carbon for heating and lighting), 2016 level 6
(zero carbon for all uses and appliances)
Source:
Thomsen/Wittchen, European national strategies to move towards very low energy buildings, SBI (Danish Building Research Institute) 2008
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 DG ENER opinion on co-funding
criteria
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Now: refurbishments to at least national minimum requirements ideally
beyond (EE Plan: “Each refurbishment should bring the building up to the
level of the best 10% of the national building stock”).
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Ideally setting of rules such: need to improve existing building stock by at
least two energy label classes (e g from D to B) or similar in countries that
do not use A-G labels
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and as of 9 July 2013 to at least cost optimal levels ideally beyond
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Public authorities shall endeavour to implement the recommendations
given on the energy performance certificate – and lead by example!
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For new buildings the NZEB should be the aim!
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 DG ENER opinion on co-funding
criteria ct’d
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EE Plan: When public bodies rent or buy existing buildings, these should
always be in the best available energy performance class.
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Priority to first reduce energy demand for heating and cooling, then only
RES (very often RES benefit from a support scheme anyway and EE can
reduce energy bills for poor people….)
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Obligation to have the national energy performance certificate (not private
labels only)
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In the near future: EU’s upcoming voluntary EU wide certification scheme
and the future Eco-label for office buildings can be used
Soon available: Commission technical guidance to help national managing authorities when
using ERDF for EE in buildings, to be released Spring 2011
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 Where is energy used in buildings?
(example: residential, central European climate)
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Before and after – Factor 10 reduction in energy consumption down
to Passivhouse levels, Tevesstrasse Frankfurt, Germany
230 kwh/m²/a for heating
17,5
kwh/m² a
for
heating
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Costs of energy efficiency
New built: Additional upfront investment costs of 3- 10 %, but payback time of a few
years due to substantial savings
Existing buildings :
• On average 200-250 euros additional EE costs/m² for an extensive renovation
i.e. circa 25.000 Euros per house if an average existing building is brought down to
50 kwh/m²/a
overallfor
energy
use.
230 kwh/m²/a
heating
• refurbishments can be cost effective over 10-20 years for up to circa 60 % savings
in existing buildings, only beyond this the marginal costs increase steaply for the
last kwh/m²/a savings.
• Payback time increases significantly (ca 50 years and beyond) if the energy
efficiency improvements are not coupled to an anyhow renovation!
• Example from DENA (German energy agency):
Basic energy efficiency refurbishment package applied to non refrubsihed 70ies
building comprising cellar slab, loft insulation, insulation of waterpipes, energy
monitoring appliances and regular inspection: cost 3000 Euro, energy savings per
year of 710 Euros →payback period of less than five years!
17,5
kwh/m² a
for
heating
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 Support from the EU’s Intelligent
Energy Europe Programme
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POWERHOUSE EUROPE – project to support social housing refurbishment through exchange of
best practice http://www.powerhouseeurope.eu/home/english/the_project/
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Clearinghouse Facilitation - Paving Way for Better Energy Building Performance in EU Less
Developed Regions (CLEARSUPPORT)
Factsheet and outcomes: http://ieea.erba.hu/ieea/page/Page.jsp?op=project_detail&prid=1489
http://www.clearsupport.eu/
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Promoting the use of Structural Funds and Cohesion Funds for energy investments in New Member
States and Candidate Countries (PROMOSCENE)
Factsheet and outcomes:
http://www.senternovem.nl/promoscene/index.asp
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E4C Sustainable Energy Actions for Europe's Cohesion (Energy 4 Cohesion (E4C))
Factsheet and outcomes: http://ieea.erba.hu/ieea/page/Page.jsp?op=project_detail&prid=1542
http://www.e4c.org/
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SF-ENERGY INVEST Collbaborative Actions for Triggering Investments in Sustainable Energy
Actions using Regional and Structural Funds (SF-ENERGY INVEST)
Factsheet and outcomes: http://ieea.erba.hu/ieea/page/Page.jsp?op=project_detail&prid=2417
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
Thank you for your attention!!!
http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/energy/index_en.htm
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 Support measures and networks
EPBD
implementation
support
Financial &
fiscal
instruments
Networks
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• CEN EPBD
• Cohesion
policy funds
• ELENA
• EEE-F
Possibilities for
• State Aid
• VAT reduced
rates
• IEE programme
• Research FP
•EU CONCERTO
• Sustainable
• ManagEnergy
Committees
Concerted
action EPBD
standards
Energy Europe
Campaign
initiative
network
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