Transcript Cosmetic Dental Treatments following sport injuries

COSMETIC DENTAL TREATMENTS FOLLOWING
SPORT INJURIES
Introduction
Dental injuries are very common, and up to 30%
of children injure their primary teeth.

These injuries become common again in the midelementary school years (ages 8 to 10) as
children join sports teams and become more
independently active outdoors (eg, bicycles,
playgrounds, trampolines).
The most common injury site is the maxillary
(upper) central incisors,
which account for more than 50% of all dental
injuries.
Oral injuries typically result from falls (most
common), bike and car accidents, sports-related
injuries

There are various treatment options in sports
related injuries like direct composite veneers,
porcelain laminate veneers,removable partial
dentures, dental bridges, dental crowns,
reimplantation of avulsed tooth

Discoloured teeth due to pulp
damage, intrusion, extrusion and
even total luxation of the teeth
and broken or fractured teeth
FRACTURE
There are 5 basic types of tooth fracture:
1. Infraction: incomplete fracture (crack) of the enamel
without loss of tooth structure.
2. Uncomplicated Crown fracture: an enamel fracture or an
enamel-dentin fracture that does not involve the pulp.
3. Complicated Crown fracture: an enamel-dentin fracture
with pulp exposure.
4. Crown/root fracture: an enamel, dentin, and cementum
fracture with or without pulp exposure.
5. Root Fracture: a dentin and cementum fracture
involving the pulp
Reattachment of fractured tooth fragments can
provide
 good and long-lasting esthetics (because the
tooth’s original anatomic form, color, and surface
 texture are maintained). It also restores function,
provides a positive psychological response, and
 is a relatively simple procedure. Patient
cooperation and understanding of the limitations
of the
 treatment is of most importance for good
prognosis.

A particular challenge is the restoration of
fractured segments to match form and color so
as to be indistinguishable from the real thing.
Direct composite restorations are the most .
 popular anterior esthetic restorative materials
as they provide excellent esthetics, mechanical
properties and also conserve healthy tooth
structure

Treatment :composite build up of the
fractured segment by using composite
resins.
 During the recall appointment, an
assessment of the stability and longevity of
the restoration perform. Color stability,
surface staining, or fracture of the
composite build-up material were evaluated
and found to be acceptable. The patient had
no complaints about the restoration

Reattachment of fractured tooth fragments
offers a viable restorative option for the
clinician
 because it restores tooth function and
esthetics with the use of a very conservative
and cost-effective







Several factors influence the management of coronal tooth
fractures,
including extent of fracture (biological width violation,
endodontic
involvement, alveolar bone fracture), pattern of fracture and
restorability of fractured tooth (associated root fracture),
presence/absence of secondary trauma injuries (soft tissue
status),
fractured tooth fragment and its condition for use (fit
between
fragment and the remaining tooth structure), occlusion,
esthetics,finances, and prognosis

Prior to giving composite restorations, it is
mandatory to have good preoperative
photographs and accurate shade selection for
best results. Shade guides should be used
under proper natural light and shade selection
should go well with patient‟s complexion and
age.

Sports injuries to the mouth and oral
environment can be disfiguring and costly, both
financially and in terms of athletes' time away
from school, work or training. Sports-related
injuries to the mouth can become expensive,
depending upon the nature and extent of the
trauma. Fortunately, many sports-related
injuries to the mouth can be easily prevented
with properly designed mouth guard protection
TYPES OF MOUTH GUARDS
There are 3 types of mouth guards:
1. Stock.
2. Mouth-formed, or “boil-and-bite.”
3. Custom fit.
28
STOCK MOUTH GUARDS
These pre-formed, over-the-counter, ready-to-wear
mouth guards are generally the least comfortable
and, therefore, the least likely to be worn.
Because of poor fit, they also offer the least
protection and require constant biting down to stay
in place.
29
BOIL AND BITE MOUTH GUARDS
Made of thermoplastic material that conforms to the shape of
the teeth after being placed in hot water, these mouth guards
are commercially available and the most common type used by
athletes.
They vary in fit, comfort, and protection.
CUSTOM FIT MOUTH GUARDS
This type of mouth guard must be made by a dentist for the individual.
It is the most expensive, but also offers the most protection and
comfort.
Custom mouth guards are preferred by dentists and usually preferred
by athletes because of their increased comfort, wear-ability, and
retention, as well as ease of speaking when worn.
This type of mouth guard is particularly important for adolescents
with orthodontic appliances.
31