Transcript Jewish Timeline

JEWISH TIMELINE
Abraham*
Sara
Rebekah
Esau*
Isaac
Rachel
Joseph
and
Benjamin
Hagar
Ismael*
Jacob
Leah
*Ten children
with Leah and
concubines
Judah- Descendants
include David, and
from there Jesus
Levi – Descendants
include Moses
ABRAHAM & THE COVENANT
BCE – Abraham moves to
Canaan forms a Covenant on behalf
of humanity with God.
 c.1800
Genesis 15:1
Some time later, the word of Yahweh came to Abram in a vision: 'Do not
be afraid, Abram! I am your shield and shall give you a very great
reward.'
Genesis 15:5
Then taking him
outside, he said, 'Look
up at the sky and
count the stars if you
can. Just so will your
descendants be,' he
told him.
Genesis 15:10
He brought him all these...
Genesis 15:10
...and split the animals down the middle, placing each half opposite the other;
but the birds he did not divide...
Genesis 15:12
Now as the sun was on the point of setting, a trance fell on Abram, and a deep
dark dream descended on him.
Genesis 17:1-3
When Abram was ninety-nine years old
Yahweh appeared to him and said, '...I
shall grant a covenant between myself
and you, and make you very numerous.'
And Abram bowed to the ground.
Genesis 21:2-3
Sarah conceived and bore Abraham a son in his old age. Abraham named
the son born to him Isaac, the son to whom Sarah had given birth.
Genesis 22:3
Abraham rose early in the morning and saddled his donkey. He took two of
his men with him, and Isaac his son.
Genesis 22:9
They came to the
place which God had
told him of, and
Abraham built the
altar there, laying the
wood in order.
Genesis 22:9
He bound his son Isaac
and laid him on the altar,
on the wood.
Genesis 22:10
Abraham reached out his hand
and took the knife to slaughter his
son.
Genesis 22:11
But the angel of God called to him out of the sky, and said, 'Abraham, Abraham!'
ABRAHAM & THE COVENANT
CONTINUED…
 Hebrews
flee due to severe draught
in Canaan & settle in Egypt.
 Hebrews
eventually become slaves of
the Egyptians
Significant Concepts
Monotheism
 First religion in world to worship one
God
 Chosen People
 Reciprocal agreement
 Humans Choose to love & honour God
 God Chooses humanity to be his
defenders of creation
 Promised Land
 Hebrews will have a land where they
can be fruitful and multiply

MOSES & THE LAW

1250 BCE – Moses encounters a burning
bush, where Yahweh revealed His name
to Moses

Moses led the EXODUS out of Egypt
Exodus 3:1
Moses was looking after the flock of his father-in-law Jethro, the priest of
Midian. He led it to the far side of the desert and came to Horeb, the
mountain of God.
Exodus 3:2
The angel of Yahweh appeared to him in a flaming blaze from the middle of a
bush.
Exodus 3:4
When Yahweh saw him going across to look, God called to him from
the middle of the bush. 'Moses, Moses!' he said.
Exodus 7:13
Pharaoh, however, remained stubborn and, as Yahweh had foretold,
refused to listen to Moses and Aaron.
Exodus 7:20-21
And all the water in the River turned to blood. The fish in the River died, and
it stank. The Egyptians could no longer drink the water.
THE FIRST PLAGUE
Exodus 7:22
Pharaoh remained stubborn, as Yahweh had foretold, and refused to listen to
Moses and Aaron.
The second plague
Exodus 8:3
The River will swarm with frogs. And they covered the land.
Exodus 9:7
But Pharaoh was stubborn and did not let the people go.
Exodus 8:17
And there were mosquitoes on man and beast. All the dust of the
earth turned into mosquitoes throughout the whole of Egypt.
The third plague
Exodus 9:7
But Pharaoh was obstinate and did not let the people go.
The fourth plague
Exodus 8:21
'The Egyptians'
houses will swarm
with beetles.' 'And so
will the very ground
they stand on.'
Exodus 9:7
But Pharaoh was stubborn and did not let the people go.
‘On all the horses…’
‘On all the flocks…’
THE FIFTH PLAGUE
‘On all the camels…’
‘On all the cattle…’
Exodus 9:7
But Pharaoh was stubborn and did not let the people go.
Exodus 9:10
And on man and beast it brought boils breaking out into sores.
THE SIXTH PLAGUE
Exodus 9:7
But Pharaoh was stubborn and did not let the people go.
THE SEVENTH
PLAGUE
Exodus 9:25
...and Yahweh thundered and
rained down hail. All over Egypt
the hail struck down everything in
the fields, both man and beast...
and broke all the trees in the
fields.
Exodus 9:7
But Pharaoh was stubborn and did not let the people go.
THE EIGHTH PLAGUE
Exodus 10:13-14
Yahweh sent an east wind
which blew all that day and
night. By morning the east
wind had brought the locusts.
No green was left on tree or
plant in the fields anywhere
in Egypt.
Exodus 10:20
But Yahweh made Pharaoh stubborn, and he did not let the Israelites
go.
Exodus 10:22
...and for three days, there was thick darkness over the whole of
Egypt. No one could see anyone else or move about for three days.
THE NINETH PLAGUE
Exodus 12:6
'Slaughter it
at twilight.'
Exodus
12:7
'Some of
the blood
must then
be put on
both sides
and the top
of the
doorframe
of the
houses
where it is
eaten.'
THE TENTH PLAGUE
Exodus 12:33
The Egyptians urged the people on and hurried them out of the country
because, they said, 'Otherwise we shall all be dead.'
Exodus 14:5
When Pharaoh king of Egypt was told that the people had fled, he and
his officials changed their attitude towards the people. 'What have we
done,' they said, 'allowing Israel to leave our service?'
Exodus 14:8-9
Yahweh made Pharaoh stubborn, and he gave chase to the Israelites,
and caught up with them.
Exodus 14:10
The Israelites were terrified and called out to Yahweh for help.
Exodus 14:21
And Yahweh drove back the sea with a strong easterly wind all night,
and made the sea into dry land. The waters were divided.
Exodus 19:1-2
After leaving Egypt, the Israelites reached the desert of Sinai. There,
facing the mountain, Israel pitched camp.
Exodus 19:17
Then Moses led the people out of the camp to meet God, and they
took their stand at the bottom of the mountain.
Exodus
2. 31:18
When he had finished speaking to Moses on Mount Sinai, he gave him the two
stone tablets of the Testimony, tablets of stone inscribed by the finger of
God.
3.
MOSES & THE LAW
CONTINUED…

1210 BCE – After 40 years of wandering,
Hebrews arrive in Canaan. Moses dies
before entering.
Think of words you would use to describe God…
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Judges
After moving to the land of Canaan,
Hebrews are ruled by Judges.
 Men and women who take care of the arc
of the covenant. (Like elders.)
 The Hebrews want a king, but God says
no.

Kings

Finally in about 1000 BCE God allows
them to have a King to protect them
Saul
becomes the first king. He is a warrior
and is able to protect the Hebrews.
David (not Saul’s son) is the second king and
establishes Jerusalem as the capital
Solomon (David’s son) builds the Great
Temple at Jerusalem (centre of Jewish faith
now)

921 BCE – Solomon dies, line of Kings
end. The kingdom of Canaan becomes
divided:
 North = Israel (10 Tribes)
 South = Judah (2 Tribes)
Prophets
Prophets are those who reminded Jews of their
promise (COVENANT) with God.
They were given messages from God to convey to
the people.
The prophets warned that the period of kings
would end.
722 BCE – Assyrians conquer Israel (in
the north), Hebrews exiled
 586 BCE – Babylonians conquer Judah (in
the south), Hebrews exiled to Babylon,
Great Temple is destroyed!
The era of “portable Judaism” begins
with the creation of Synagogues &
Rabbis


Diaspora means to practice the Jewish
religion outside of Jerusalem

536 – Persians conquer Babylonia.
Judeans allowed back to Judah. Hebrews
now referred to as “Jews”. - (Many don’t
return)

515 BCE – The Great Temple is rebuilt.
The first 5 books of scripture (Torah) are
complete. (Written instead of oral.)
RABBINIC PERIOD

c. 330’s BCE – Alexander the Great conquers most
of the world.
 Antiochus IV runs Jerusalem. He has a hatred of
Jews . Antiochus bans Jewish worship and takes
over the Temple.
 Age of Hellenism (Greek thought & culture)
flourishes. As a result, Hebrew bible is translated
into Greek. Jews benefit from Hellization.
 Sectarian development in Judaism. Groups such
as the Sadducees, Pharisees, Zealots, Essenes,
etc…formed
SECT
Sadduccees
DESCRIPTIONS
*Represented the aristocracy and
wealthy people.
Pharisees
*Read the TORAH literally
*Represented the common people
*Allowed for broad interpretation
of the Torah
*Associated with synagogue
worship
Zealots
Essenes
Samaritans
* Complete following of the Torah
* Distain for non-Jews
* Equivalent to Priests
* Keepers of the Law / Truth
Rabbinic Period Continued…



168-165 BCE – Maccabean Rebellion.
Maccabees hold out in the Temple and reclaim
it. Celebrated in Hanukkah.
63 BCE – Rome conquers the region. Establish
governors to rule the land on behalf of Rome
70 CE – Rome sacks Jerusalem. The Temple is
destroyed for the final time. Focus of worship
now changes to Synagogue & Rabbis
 Commentaries on the Torah are
compiled and called the TALMUD
MEDIEVAL & MODERN JUDAISM
Diaspora in full effect. Jews now leaving
Jerusalem (living mainly Europe)
 209 -1945 CE – Period of anti-Semitism in
Europe
 1900 CE – Zionist movement (desire for
Jewish homeland) gains strength
 1948 – State of Israel born out of
Palestine. Instigated the problems which
exist to this day.
