Transcript Prophets, Moses, Jesus, and Muhammed

Prophets, Moses, Jesus, and Muhammed
A PowerPoint presentation by:
Daniel Honda, Caspian Alderman,
and Jordan Korneliussen
Definition of Prophets/Prophecy:
Judaism
• An individual selected by God to convey a message to
the people on His behalf. Function as models of
rightness with God for the people. Many different roles
in the HB. Leading, governing, foundational prophecy,
religious/political reform, and predictions about the
future, although not as much as popularly believed.
• The divinely inspired word of God as delivered by a
prophet.
Definition of Prophets/Prophecy:
Christianity
• A Prophet’s purpose was to speak for God, and
warn people to stop committing sin before it was
too late for them to be saved. To carry God’s
message to others and help them on the path to
righteousness. Believe that prophets are not
divine and have flaws in everything besides the
message they carry.
• Prophecy is the proclamation of a message
revealed by the Holy Spirit, expressing God’s
nearness and concern that he will still be there
through the end.
Definition of Prophets/Prophecy:
Islam
• Has a much more ambiguous definition than
Judaism or Christianity.
• ‘nabi’ in Arabic, a prophet of Islam is a person
who was sent by God to a specific group to
reveal a message.
• Different than a messenger or ‘rasul’.
Messengers are given their message in a book
and are assured success by God. All
messengers are prophets, but not all prophets
are messengers.
Most Important Prophets in
Judaism
• First = Abraham, Last = Malakai
• Believe that there are 600,000 male and
female prophets but the scriptures only
identify 55 of which Moses is considered
the greatest
• Other noteworthy names = Joshua,
Samuel, David, Solomon, Jeremiah
Most Important Prophets in
Christianity
• Noteworthy names: Paul, James, Judas, Elijah,
and John the Baptist.
• Much controversy over who was the last
prophet. Many consider Jesus to be the last but
also give John the Baptist status as a
contemporary prophet. However many NT
passages discuss prophets after the death of
Jesus (Revelation 11:10, Matthew 10:40-41 &
23:34, John 13:20 & 15:20, and Acts 11:25-30,
13:1 & 15:32 )
Most Important Prophets in
Islam
• First = Abraham, Last = Muhammed
• All prophets considered ‘equal’ in Islam
• 5 most mentioned prophets in the Qur’an are
Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and
Muhammed.
• Moses = 2nd most mentioned after Muhammed.
•
Jesus and Muhammed in
Judaism
• Jesus = some call him a prophet while
others a blasphemer. Definitely not the
Messiah.
• Muhammed = Not actually a prophet.
Most Jews do not consider Islam idolatry
(worship of idols) so it is not looked down
upon.
Moses and Muhammed in
Christianity
• Moses: Considered a prophet and
provided much of the basis for Christianity.
Referred to more often in NT than any
other OT figure.
• Muhammed: Not recognized as a prophet.
Historically viewed very negatively by
Christianity.
Moses and Jesus in
Islam
• Moses (Musa): Regarded very highly in Islam for
revealing the Torah (Tawrat) and the Ten
Commandments to the Israelites. Mentioned more than
any other prophet in the Qur’an. In Islamic faith, Moses
chose to die to be closer to God rather than live a longer
life.
• Jesus the Messiah(Isa al-Maseeh ): NOT the begotten
son of God, but rather a messenger/prophet. Believed
his miracles were performed only at the permission of
God. They do not believe that he was crucified (may or
may not have been put up on cross, but did not die on
cross), rather he was ‘raised up to God’.
Moses in Judaism
• In Orthodox Judaism, he is considered to
be the author of the Torah. This leads to
his main role in Judaism as the lawgiver
and basic founder of Judaism. Called
“great teacher” and “father of all prophets”,
he is considered to represent the epitome
of receiving God’s message.
Jesus in Christianity
• Much more than a Prophet.
• Was part of the ‘Holy Trinity’, the son of
God, and thus was divine.
• Those who believe in Jesus shall be
saved, and vice-versa.
Muhammed in Islam
• The last prophet. Completed the message
of the former messengers and prophets.
• Nothing about him should be idolatrized
beyond the messages he brought.
Therefore none of the other prophets
should be considered divine (Jesus = not
the begotten son of God).