Transcript Ancient Egypt - Mr. G Educates

Ancient Egypt
The Afterlife
Essential Standard
Clarifying Objective
Essential Question??
Egyptian Afterlife
• The Egyptian religion centered
around polytheism (which is
the belief in many gods and
not just one)
• Ancient Egyptians especially
Pharaohs practiced a very
specific ceremonies to ensure
they would attain the Afterlife
• Egyptians believed that each
person had a soul after death
but they needed their body as
a place for the soul to live in
the afterlife
Egyptian Book of the Dead
• http://www.history.com
/videos/journey-to-theafterlife#journey-tothe-afterlife
Mummification
• Every morning Egyptians
would wash their clothes
with washing soda and
brushed their teeth with
bread soda
• If you put the two
together you get Natron
• Natron was the
preserving agent used in
mummification
Mummification
• After death the first step is
mummification
• All Pharaohs and some
important Egyptian citizens
were turned into a mummy
• To the Egyptians preserving
the physical appearance
was extremely important so
that the man’s soul could
recognize his body in the
afterlife
Pharaoh’s Tomb
• The tombs of Pharaohs
had many, many
hieroglyphics
• The object was to
recreate the cosmos
and give direction out
of the Underworld
Pharaoh’s Tomb
• Tombs were constructed
to be resurrection guides
that would reunite
Pharaoh’s body & soul
• Pharaohs also took food,
beer, weapons, &
servants, gold, & jewels
• Later instead of real
servants Pharaohs took
Shabtis
Shabtis
• Shabtis were little figurines that
were buried with the Pharaoh in
place of servants
• Egyptians believed that in the
afterlife if the Pharaoh was to call
on one of his servants who was
still alive the Shabti representing
that servant would wake up a
perform the task
• Pharaohs would take hundreds of
Shabtis into their tombs, one for
almost everyday of the year
The Soul Takes Flight
• After death the soul takes flight
to where it will be judged by 42
divine judges and the God Osiris
(God of the Underworld)
• If you lived a good and righteous
life than you would be welcomed
into the two fields of Reeds
(Egyptian Heaven)
• If you lived a life that was pretty
good but made some mistakes
you could receive a pardon
The Soul Takes Flight
• If you didn’t live a good life
your soul was thrown to the
devourer of souls
• Before the soul can take
flight it starts in the lair
(home) of the devourer of
souls and the man and his
soul has to find his way out
• Here is the story of the
Egyptian Afterlife
The Pharaoh’s Voyage
• The Pharaoh’s soul
awakens in the
Devourer of souls home
(Underworld)
• On the wall is the Book
of Gates (hieroglyphics
drawn in the Pharaoh’s
sarcophagus)
The Pharaoh’s Voyage
• The Book of Gates is a
map that will lead him
to the Divine Judges
and Osiris
• The Pharaoh has one
night to make the
journey or his soul will
be devoured
Traveling the Nile of the Underworld
• The Pharaoh will need
to travel through what
is known as the Nile of
the Underworld
• He will have to pass
through 12 gates (one
for each hour of the
night)
Traveling the Nile of the Underworld
• This Nile is not so
friendly as the Earthly
Nile as the 12 gates are
guarded by Cobras
• The Great snake demon
Apophis (Devil) lurks
under the water for his
chance to strike
Passing through the Cobra’s Gates
• The Cobras were there
to guard against souls
that were not pure
• The Pharaoh not only
had to live a good life
but he had to have
magical knowledge
Passing through the Cobra’s Gates
• As he passed through the
gates Pharaoh would
have to say the Cobra’s
name this would tell the
Cobras that he is the true
one
• The names of the 12
Cobras that guarded the
gates were written on the
walls of his tomb as part
of his Book of Gates
The Lake of Fire
• After passing through the
first two of Cobra’s Gates
Pharaoh will come to the
Lake of Fire
• The Lake of Fire is a lake
of fire that tests your
purity
• If you have not lived a
good life your soul is
consumed by the fire
The Lake of Fire
• Many men’s souls reside
in the Lake of fire but the
Pharaoh will pass through
the lake because he is
more than man
• Pharaoh is lucky because
he is considered more
than man & he actually
gets to decide which
men’s souls to save
Battling Apophis
• After passing through the
forth Cobra’s Gate
Pharaoh unites with other
Egyptian mummies to
Battle Apophis
• They temporarily defeat
him and tie him up but
Pharaoh knows from his
Book of the Dead that he
will be back
Meeting Osiris
• After going through the
6th Cobra’s Gate Pharaoh
meets the god of the
Underworld Osiris
• Because he is a Pharaoh,
Pharaoh will merge with
Osiris and help him judge
men who have made it
past the 6th gate
Meeting Osiris
• The men’s hearts are ripped
out of their chest and placed
on a scale in front of Osiris and
on the other side of the scale
the Feather of Truth
• The man’s heart and the
Feather of Truth must
perfectly balance for the man
to continue on
• Pharaohs will not be judged
because they are considered
more than a man so they will
help judge
Heavy Hearted
• If your heart was too
heavy you were heavy
with sin and impure and
you would be thrown to
Amet the Gobbler
• He was part Crocodile,
part Hippopotamus, &
part Lion
Mummy & Soul Reunited
• After passing by Osiris the
Pharaoh lies down on a
stone bed where he is
reunited with his soul
• Without being reunited
Pharaoh can never be
resurrected
• Without body & soul he
cannot pass through the
Underworld
Rolling Over In Their Graves
• After passing through
Cobra’s Gate 8
mummies turn over in
their beds
• This is a key stage into
coming back to life and
being resurrected
Apophis Round 2
• After passing through the
Cobra’s Gate number 10
Pharaoh will have his
second showdown with
Apophis
• This is Apophis’s last chance
to devour the Pharaoh
• Pharaoh calls upon past
mummies who form a net
to prevent Apophis from
eating Pharaoh
Dawn Strikes
• Just as dawn strikes and
the sun begins to come
up over the horizon
Pharaoh passes through
the 12 and final Cobra’s
Gate
• He is ushered in by
Egyptian gods &
goddesses
Journey Forever
• He resurrects not as a
human but as the sun
• Finally Pharaoh will
change into a symbolic
figure to at last protect
his people
• Pharaoh has reached
immortality
Journey Forever
• Ancient Egyptians
believed that each
Pharaoh would make
that journey every night
for all of eternity only to
resurrect with the sun
god after passing the
12th gate
Important Points