Transcript Ancient Egypt and the Nile

•
•
Primarily desert
Part of the Sahara
Desert
•Land
is very moist and fertile near
the river
•Nile River basin was home to many
different types of animals
•Water from the Nile allowed the
Egyptians to grow huge crops of:
•
barley
•
emmer wheat
•
beans
•
chickpeas
•
flax
•Made
oils and traded
•Able to raise different farm
animals:
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Chickens
•
Cattle
•Supplied
the Ancient Egyptians
with a year-round supply of fish to
eat
KINGDOM
DATES
SIGNIFICANT
EVENTS
Archaic
Kingdom
2,950 - 2,636
B.C.
Unification of
all Egypt
Old Kingdom
2,636 - 2,031
B.C.
Construction of
the pyramids
begins
First
Intermediate
Kingdom
2,031 - 1,941
B.C.
Political Chaos
Middle
Kingdom
1,941 - 1,736
B.C.
Political
Stability
Second
Intermediate
Kindom
1,736 - 1,517
B.C.
Invasion of
Ancient Egypt
by the Hyksos
New Kingdom
1,571 - 1,055
B.C.
Creation of the
Egyptian
Empire

Civilization of Ancient
Egypt flourished for
more than 3,000 years

Survived years of wars
and political struggle

Most of Ancient
Egyptian history is
organized according to
the Kingdom, or
Dynasty, that was in
control of Ancient
Egypt at the time




Built their homes from
bricks of sun-dried mud.
The houses would have
several rooms and
windows covered with
curtains to keep out flies
and dust
During the summers,
many people slept on
their roofs to keep cool
Egyptians had very little
furniture - usually only
small stools and jewelry
boxes
Homes

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
Clothing was made out
of linen.
Both men and women
wore skirts called kilts,
and children usually
didn't wear clothes at
all in the warm
weather
Wealthy women
sometimes wore
beaded dresses, and
wealthy men often
wore decorative robes
Clothing

The language spoken by Ancient
Egyptians changed a bit over time

Came from:

Old Egyptian is the language that
scientists believe was being
spoken at the time when the
pyramids were built

Middle Egyptian came a bit later
and has been found on many
recently discovered business and
government documents

Coptic
the languages spoken to the east of
Egypt



Semitic languages like Hebrew,
and languages spoken to the south,

Hamitic languages like Somali.
the last known stage of the Ancient
Egyptian language
 used a lot of the Greek alphabet
with only a few additional letters
from the older Egyptian languages

Coptic was mainly used by the
Egyptian Christians toward the end
of the time of the Ancient
Egyptians.


The words in this language are
mostly made up of consonant
sounds
•Education
was very important to the
Ancient Egyptians
•By
becoming educated, Egyptians could
move up to a more respected position
in the society
•Getting
a respected job, however,
meant learning how to read and write

Hieroglyphs
•
Pyramids
•Schoolchildren
spent hours copying
these hieroglyphs in order to get their
education
•Egyptian children also learned a lot
about math in school.
•Importance of Math
•Young
boys went to school to learn
reading, writing, religion, and
arithmetic.
•There were no schools for girls, but
many learned to read and write at home.
Step
True
Built in Ancient Egypt as tombs, or burial
places, for Egyptian pharaohs, or kings
 Believed in an afterlife, so it was very
important to them to protect the bodies of
their pharaohs
 In order to keep the body of the pharaoh safe,
the insides of the pyramids were like mazes
with secret doors and dead-end passages
 The pharaoh would be near the bottom or
even underground
 Other rooms contained things like jewelry and
furniture that the pharaoh might want in his
next life

 The
Egyptians had
to use their hands
to make big blocks
out of different
kinds of sand, clay,
and stone
 Pulled them up big
ramps onto the
pyramid
 The largest
pyramid ever built
was over 450 feet
high
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OwiYnzfL
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