Transcript Ancient Egypt

BELLRINGER
Read the following excerpt from the Book of the
Dead. Turn to your bellringer page and answer
the following questions:
 After reading this passage, what can you
deduce about the afterlife and its importance
in Egyptian daily life?
 Why would someone be listing everything they
did not do?

BELLRINGER – PRE-AP
Read the following excerpt from the Book of the
Dead and Song of the Nile.
 After reading this passage, what can you
deduce about the afterlife and its importance
in Egyptian daily life?
 Why would someone be listing everything they
did not do?

ANCIENT EGYPT
OLD KINGDOM: THE “________________”
THE NILE RIVER



Flooded ____________________(July) and receded in
October leaving fertile soil
Lived along lower part of Nile early on…
Ended along the ___________________: churning
rapids with jagged cliffs and boulders
LOWER EGYPT AND UPPER EGYPT
3200 BCE Egypt under rule of 2 different kings
 3100 BCE _________________ united Egypt

 1st
dynasty of 31 that will last 2600 years
OLD KINGDOM EGYPT
Begins with 3rd dynasty around 2660 BCE
 ________________ were god-kings

 Center
of religion (______________)
 Government
 Military
“AGE OF PYRAMIDS”



Pharaoh had an eternal spirit or ka
Resting place after death was a _________________
More stone than Fertile Crescent
RELIGION
More ____________ than Mesopotamia
 Ra (god of sun) and Horus (god of light) most
important
 Over 2000 gods and goddesses
 Afterlife- heart weighed

DEATH IN EGYPT




All classes planned burials to safely reach Other World
Built tombs
Preserved the body through ________________________
Put in coffin in tomb with scrolls, clothes, cosmetics, food, and
jewelry
CLASS SYSTEM IN EGYPT
CLASSES AND WOMEN IN EGYPT
Social classes were not set in stone
 Could gain status through ________________
 Slaves could gain freedom
 ________________ could lead to high positions
 Women had many similar rights as men

 Own
or trade property
 Propose marriage or seek divorce
 Entitlement to 1/3 of family property in divorce
EGYPTIAN WRITING
Pictographs quickly developed into
______________which means “sacred carving”
 1srt written on stone and clay, but later on
______________- reeds that grew in the marsh

ACTIVITY: WRITE YOUR OWN HIEROGLYPHICS
Look at the worksheet. Using the information
provided, try to decipher the code.
 Once you are finished, try creating your own
hieroglyphics on a separate sheet of paper.

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN ANCIENT EGYPT

Many inventions served a practical purpose
 Numbers,
addition, and subtraction for taxes
 ____________________for boundaries of farms
 Builders used mathematical calculations for
constructing pyramids and monuments
 Architects used columns in homes, palaces,
temples
 ____________to help planting season
 Medicine, pulse rate, splints, and surgery
THE DECLINE OF OLD KINGDOM
2180 BCE, power started to decline
 First Intermediate Period (100 years)
 __________________2080-1640 BCE improved
trade, transportation, and irrigation
 1640 BCE Hyksos “chariot riders” took over for
70 years (Second Intermediate Period)
 After that, the New Kingdom rises…

NEW KINGDOM EGYPT_____________________
_________________________ (1570 BCE- 1075
BCE)
THE NEW FACE OF THE NEW KINGDOM
Now had ____________
weapons and 2 wheeled
___________________
 Army included archers,
charioteers, and infantry
 New crown- a battle helmet

_____________________


Declared self Pharaoh in
1472 BCE
Encouraged trade over
warfare
_______________________


Stepson of Hatsheput
Invaded Palestine, Syria, and
Nubia
NEW RULERS OF NEW KINGDOM
_______________________
1290- 1224 BCE
 Lived to 99 years old
 Considered one of the greatest
pharaohs
 “The Great Ancestor”
 Father of 150 children
 Discovered in 1881, on display at
Cairo Museum

EGYPT AND THE ____________________
Taking Syria and Palestine led
the Egyptians into conflicts with
the Hittites
 Met at Battle of ___________
1285 BCE– ended in standstill
 Ramses II and Hittite king made
a treaty that lasted the rest of
the century

AGE OF BUILDERS
Beautiful palaces, tombs, and temples were
built but hidden from grave robbers
 Chose _____________________, near Thebes

VALLEY OF KINGS
DECLINE OF THE NEW KINGDOM
Attacked by “________________________”
 Egypt never recovered
 Broke apart regionally
 Libyan pharaohs ruled Egypt and adopted
culture
 After that, the ____________________ took
over and also embraced Egyptian culture.

KUSHITES (NUBIANS) CONQUER THE NILE
Egypt ruled _________ for
1000 years
 As Egypt declined, took
over as power
 Nubia was between first
cataract and division of
Blue and White Nile
 Served as link between
_____________ and the
Mediterranean

KERMA
Started a little after 2000 BCE
 1st ______________ kingdom
 Buried in chambers larger than
Egyptian princes
 Prospered during
_____________________________
_______________________
 Done by Piankhi in 751 BCE

KUSH
Studied under __________________while ruled
by Egypt
 Adopted architecture, clothing, and customs
from Egypt
 Attempted to take over Libyans to help preserve
culture

____________________________
Royal family moved here for better protection
 More rich in resources, better weather
 Traded along the Red Sea
 Prospered 250 BCE – 150 CE
