Transcript Chapters 5 - West Side Church of Christ

God’s Sovereignty:
Exodus 5-11
Announcements
• West Side is having a wedding basket shower for Jake and Jennifer
Houser. Jake is the son of Phyllis and brother to Madi. A basket is
on the table, in the hallway, for gifts.
• Anyone interested in planting a garden at the church office is asked
to meet with Mickey Evans this Sunday, after morning services, in
the chapel.
• Joyce Owens has a twin hospital bed with mattress to loan out.
• Please contact Robin Thomas if you want to buy luminaries for
Relay for Life.
• Servant Group Brainstorming Session Wednesday night, April 7, at
8:00 PM. We need ideas on how to make them better, how to recruit
leaders, share success stories and urge one another on in this godly
endeavor. Your participation is invaluable.
• Girlfriends Unlimited is collecting baby wipes for Help Network this
month. Please place them in the box under the Girlfriends bulletin
board.
“in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ”
Prayer List
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Mildred Bailey – St. Mary’s Rehab #245.
Lucille Taylor – St. Mary’s #406 with pneumonia.
Norma McKenzie is cancer free!
Bobbye Osborn (Jerusalem) PET scan March 24, St.
Mary’s.
Robert Wallace (Bonnie Krantz’s friend) biopsy Monday,
March 29, at St. Vincent’s.
Sympathy to the family of Chris Adams, who passed
away March 20, in a car accident. He was a member of
Silver City Church of Christ, in North Little Rock.
John Callahan – Elder at Mulberry CoC – Heart Surgery
Kerry Stroud – Colon Cancer, undergoing chemo
“in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ”
Exodus
Week
Date
Topic
1
10 Mar 10 Exodus – Transitions: An Introduction
2
17 Mar 10 God’s Preparation of Israel: Exodus 1-4
3
24 Mar 10 God’s Sovereignty: Exodus 5-11
4
31 Mar 10 God’s Redemption: Exodus 12:1-13:16
5
07 Apr10 God’s Completion: Exodus 13:17-15:21
6
14 Apr 10 God’s Instructions to Israel: Exodus 15:22-18:27
7
21 Apr 10 Mosaic Covenant: Exodus 19:1-24:11
8
28 Apr 10 Dwelling Among His People: Exodus 24:12-31:18
9
05 May 10 Breaking/Renewing the Covenant: Exodus 32-34
10
12 May 10 Senior Blessing Night – No classes
11
19 May 10 Israel’s Worship: Exodus 35-40
12
26 May 10 New Testament Implications
13
02 Jun 10 Exodus – Transitions: A Summary
Today’s Objectives
• Review last week’s lesson
• Learn about the historical timeline of Exodus 5-11
• Learn about Pharaoh’s response to Moses’ request to
free the Israelites
• Learn about Moses’ and Aaron’s mission from God
to Pharaoh
• Learn about the 10 plagues that impact upon Egypt
and how God uses them to punish Pharaoh
• See how the plagues align with mythological gods
worshipped by the Egyptians
Last week
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Reviewed key points of Exodus
Reviewed the timeline of Exodus
Reviewed a map of Moses’ birth and travels
Learned about the Pharaoh’s of Moses’ time
Learned about the Israelite’s bondage in Egypt
Learned the circumstances of Moses' birth and family
life
• Learned that Moses flees to Midian after Pharaoh
learned he had killed an Egyptian
• Moses marries while in Midian and receives his
commission to free the Israelites from bondage
Key Points of Exodus
• God’s grace towards His people
• Delivery from the bonds of slavery
• Deliverance to the freedom of a covenant
relationship and fellowship with him
• No other biblical book surfaces elsewhere in
the OT as frequently as the Book of Exodus
does; in the NT only the Books of Psalms and
Isaiah are cited more
• Acts 7 is a key companion to Exodus and a
quick read
Timeline
• Moses lived from approximately 1525-1405 BC
– Completed writing of Exodus after 1445 BC
– Exodus covers approximately 431 years of history
– Arrival of Jacob and his family in Egypt to the
construction of the Tabernacle in Sinai in 1445 BC
• Israelites lived in Egypt for 430 years (Gen 12:40)
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Time of oppression was 400 years (Gen 15:13)
Transition time in Egypt
Egyptians had expelled the Hyskos rulers of the time
Egyptians formed a world power of which there was no
match
Rulers of Egypt in Exodus
• Ahmose I (1570-1548 BC)
– Founder of the New Kingdom after the expulsion of the
Hyksos rulers, consolidated borders
– Initiated temple building projects
• Amenhotep (1548-~1528)
• Thutmose I (~1528-1518 BC)
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Meaning “Born of Thoth”
Thoth the Egyptian god of wisdom
Moses’ early childhood
Therefore Moses would be Egyptian “Born of” and Mu
meaning water
Rulers of Egypt in Exodus
• Thutmose II (1518-1504)
– Moses from about age 8 until 21
• Thutmose III (1504-1450)
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Queen Hatshepsut (1498-1483, co-regency)
He is called the Napoleon of Ancient Egypt
He created the largest empire Egypt had ever seen
Moses kills Egyptian; identifies with his brethren (Heb.
11:24-26) then leaves Egypt (1486 BC, Ex 2:11-15)
– Moses dwells in Midian 40 years (Acts 7:30)
King of Upper & Lower Egypt Menkheper Ra Son of Ra Thetmess
Thutmose III
Rulers of Egypt in Exodus
• Amenhotep II (1450-1425)
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Seventh pharaoh of the 18th Dynasty
Son of Thutmose III
Successful military campaigns
Considered to be the Pharaoh of the Exodus
Firstborn slain in the last plague (Ex 12:29)
His eldest son did not follow him to throne.
over, after “Dream Inscription of Thutmose IV”
• Notes
– Archaeologists give us great detail on the Pharaohs of
Moses’ time
– Mummies have been found for each of the Pharaohs
Amenhotep II
Chapter 5-11 Outline
• Pharaoh's response to Moses (5:1— 6:1)
• Moses and Aaron’s equipment as God's messengers
(6:2—7:7)
• The confirmation of Moses and Aaron's divine
mission (7:8-13)
• The first three plagues (7:14—8:19)
• The fourth, fifth, and sixth plagues (8:20—9:12)
• The seventh, eight, and ninth plagues (9:13—10:29)
• The proclamation of the tenth plague (11:1-32)
Conflict Between Pharaoh
• God permitted the conflict between Moses and
Pharaoh for at least three reasons
– God displays His superior power and sovereignty over
Pharaoh and the gods of Egypt
– God strengthened the faith of His people
– God also used these events to heighten anticipation of
and appreciation for the redemption
Pharaoh's Response to Moses (5:1— 6:1)
• Moses and Aaron present God’s commands to
Pharaoh Amenhotep II (5:1)
– To go worship the God of Israel
– Did not perform miracles but merely asked him to allow
the Israelites to leave Egypt
• Pharaoh Amenhotep II’s response (5:2-21)
– Pharaoh’s were considered god-like
– Would not let them go
– Responded by making the working conditions of the
Israelites even more harsh (5:6-21)
• God promises deliverance (5:22-6:1)
– Ultimately Amenhotep II will let the Israelites leave
Moses and Aaron’s Equipment as God's
Messengers (6:2—7:7)
• God explains to Moses that he will deliver Israel out
of Egypt (6:2-9)
– Reminded Moses of the promise/covenant
• God promises to do three things
– Deliver Israel from bondage (6:2)
– He would adopt Israel as His nation (6:7)
– He would bring Israel into the promised land (6:8)
• God directs Moses to repeat the request to the
Pharaoh (6:10-13)
– Moses fears he cannot speak convincingly
Moses and Aaron’s Equipment as God's
Messengers (6:2—7:7)
• Genealogical review of Moses and Aaron (6:14-30)
– God’s appointed messengers to the Israelites
• Moses was “as God” to Pharaoh (7:1-7)
– God’s will revealed to Moses
– Aaron would be Moses’ prophet and would communicate
Moses’ and God’s will to Pharaoh
– God refers to the miracles Moses would do as signs and
wonders
– Ultimate purpose of God’s actions was His own glory
– Moses was 80 and Aaron was 83 at this time
Moses’ Family Tree (6:14-27)
The Confirmation of Moses and Aaron's
Divine Mission (7:8-13)
• Pharaoh requests that Moses and Aaron perform a
miracle to prove their divine (7:9-10)
– Aaron’s staff turned to a snake
– Pharaoh performs a similar thing, perhaps promulgated
by God
– Aaron’s consumed Pharaoh’s snake
• Pharaoh’s heart had become hardened and could not
see (7:13)
Plagues
• Psalm 78:43 locates the plagues in northern Egypt
near Zoan
• God sends the plagues to punish Pharaoh for his
refusal to obey God
• Nature of the plagues
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Natural occurrences rather than unknown events
Some affected only the Egyptians
Severity increased
Carried a moral purpose
Egyptian pantheon = 80 gods
• The ancient Egyptians believed in many different
gods and goddesses. Each one with their own role
to play in maintaining peace and harmony across
the land.
• The ancient Egyptians believed that it was
important to recognize and worship these gods and
goddesses so that life continued smoothly.
• When they won battles, it was proof their gods
were with them and were more powerful than their
enemies.
10 Plagues
Plague
Scripture
Egyptian gods
Represents
River of blood
7:14-25
Hapi/Nilus
Sacred river god
Frogs
8:1-15
Heka, Osiris
Reproduction god
Gnats
8:16-19
Seb
Earth god
Flies
8:20-32
Beelzebub
God of flies
Livestock
9:1-7
Apis, Hathor
Sacred bull/cow
Boils
9:8-12
Neit
Hail
9:13-10:29
Apis
Locusts
10:1-20
Serapis
Protects land from
locusts
Darkness
10:21-29
Ra
Supreme sun god
Pharaoh, Piah
God of life
Death of first born 11
Archaeological Evidence
• Hieratic papyrus in Leiden (1909)
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Plague is throughout the land
Blood is everywhere
The river is blood
No fruit or herbs are found
All is ruin, trees are destroyed
The land is not light [dark]
• Some speculate that the rest of the plagues are a
result of the Nile flooding
• The tenth biblical plague against Egypt fits with
what is known about the death of Amenhotep II’s
firstborn son
Plague #1 – Nile into Blood Hapi—
Spirit of the Nile
• Hapi was in male form
well-developed, almost
female, breasts. He
was a personification
of the waters of the
Nile.
Plague #1 Osiris – God of the
Underworld; Giver of Life.
• Osiris Appearance: A
mummified man wearing a
white cone-like headdress
with feathers
• The Nile was his
bloodstream.
Plague #2 – Frogs
Heqt – goddess of birth
• The Egyptians believed the frog was the
symbol of the life-giving power-goddess,
Heka. She was the goddess who oversaw the
women, the mid-wives, who helped women
have babies. She was thought to blow the
breath of life into the nostrils.
• Egyptians often had little statutes of frogs on
their night-stands.
• The killing of a frog = punishable by death!
Plague #3 Lice“Sand/ flies.”
Geb was the earth god
• Appearance: Man lying down
below the arch of the sky goddess
Nut.
• This plague would have been an
embarrassment to Geb,.
Egyptians gave offerings to Geb
for the bounty of the soil -- yet it
was from "the dust of the soil"
that this plague originated.
• Priests shave hair, impure with
lice unable to perform sacred
tasks or beseech their gods for
help!
Sekhmet was the goddess of war.
• Sekhmet
'The Powerful One'
Appearance:
• Woman with the head
of a lioness
• Not much help in the
Red Sea crossing!
•
Plague #1 & #2
Sobek was a Nile god.
• Sobek Appearance: Man
with the head of a
crocodile and a headdress
of feathers and a sun-disk.
. Live crocodiles were
kept in pools at temples
built to honour Sobek.
•
Plague #1
Khnum – the Guardian of Nile
• Appearance: Man
with the head of a
curly-horned ram
Khnum was a
creator god.
Plague #3 Swarms
Amon-Ra – King of the Gods
• As a scarab beetle pushes a
round ball of dung in front of it,
the Egyptians pictured Ra as a
scarab pushing the sun across
the sky.”
• Swarms of Scarabs, with teeth
that were more destructive than
termites!
Plague #5
Hathor – Goddess of love
“Sacred Cow.”
• Perhaps Hathor's most
famous manifestation is as
a cow. . Even when
appearing as a woman, she
often sports a cow's head
or at least a pair of cow
ears,, the nourishing,
generosity of the cow is
always readily available
under the surface
Plague #5- Cattle
Hathor – Mother Goddess
• Appearance: Woman
with the ears of a cow.
Had a headdress of
horns and a sun disk
Hathor was a protective
goddess. She was also
the goddess of love and
joy.
Plague #5 –Cattle
Sacred Cows
• Priests of the bull cults identified a sacred
bull by its very specific markings (described
below). Once the bull was proclaimed to be
a god incarnate, it was taken to the temple
compound where it was purified, stabled in
majestic quarters, fed the best foods, and
given a herd of the finest cows.
Plague #5 –Cattle
The Apis Bull Cult
Plague #5 Animals
Bast – The Cat Goddess of Love
• Also would kill cats
which were
worshipped.
All Plagues she did not help!
Bastet –Protective goddess
Appearance: Woman with
the head of a cat
• The cat was a symbol of
Bastet. The ancient
Egyptians made many
statues of cats like this one
to honour Bastet.
Plague #6 – Boils
Imhotep – the god of medicine
• He was also associated
with Thoth and
became a patron of
wisdom and medicine.
“Miraculous” cures
were often attributed
to him.
Plague #7
Hail came from the sky
• Where was Nut the
Sky Goddess?
• Appearance: Woman
whose body arches
across the sky, wearing
a dress decorated with
stars.
#7 Plague of Hail
Seth – protector of crops
• Appearance:
Man with the
head of an
animal'
Plague #7-8 Hail and Locust
Seth –protector of Crops
• God of thunder and
storm.
• Why allow Hail and
Locusts?
Plague #7-8 Hail & Locusts
Shu – God of the wind
•
• Solar deity; son of Ra and
Hathor.
• God of air and the atmosphere.
Plague #8 – Locusts
Where was Isis?
• Goddess of life and
nature.
Plague #9- Darkness
Aten – Form of Sun God
Appearance:
• A sun disk with rays
which end in hands
Plague #10 Nekhebet –Protector of
Royal children
• Nekhebet (Nekhbet)
•
• A guardian goddess who
looked after children and
mothers.
She protected and
suckled the royal
children.
She is shown hovering
over the Pharaoh in
vulture-form, holding
a fly-whisk and a seal
#10: Osiris – God of the
Underworld; Giver of Life.
• Why was Osiris
unable to save
all the first born
children?
Plague #10
Bes – Protector of the family
• Bes Appearance: Dwarf
with lion and human
features, wearing the skin
of a lion
• Bes was the protector of
pregnant women,
newborn babies and the
family.
Preparing for the Tenth Plague (11:1-10)
• God informs Moses of one final plague on Pharaoh
Amenhotep II and upon Egypt (11:1-3)
– After this, Pharaoh will let the Israelites go
– Will be driven out of Egypt completely
– Directs the people to prepare
• Moses delivers the message to the Pharaoh (11:4-10)
– Every first born son in Egypt is to die, including that of
the Pharaoh and even the cattle
– Israel will be spared
– Still Pharaoh Amenhotep would not listen
Review
• Reviewed last week’s lesson
• Learned about the historical timeline of Exodus 511
• Learned about Pharaoh’s response to Moses’
request to free the Israelites
• Learned about Moses’ and Aaron’s mission from
God to Pharaoh
• Learned about the 10 plagues that impact upon
Egypt and how God uses them to punish Pharaoh
• Saw how the plagues align with mythological gods
worshipped by the Egyptians
• Next week: God’s Redemption- Exodus 12:113:16