Transcript Link to PowerPoint

Robert Granger
Nora King
Megen Miller
Audrey Jones
Jennifer Owens
Target Audience:
Grade Level: Ninth Grade
Ages: 14-15
•Fad Diets are becoming more prevalent
•15.4% of female high school and college
students meet clinical standards for an
eating disorder
•Young males: proportion has risen by 10%
•Usually between 13-14 years old
Why do adolescents develop
eating disorders?
• Six Factors
– Biological factors
– Social Factors
– Cultural Factors
– Psychological
factors
– Family Factors
– The Media
Biological Factors
• Individuals may be genetically disposed
to developing eating disorders
• Studies show that people with a
mother/sister with an eating disorder
are more likely to develop disordered
eating
Social Factors
• Problems in relationships may cause
someone to develop an eating disorder
• Appearance-obsessed friends of family
member, and boyfriends/girlfriends
may encourage unhealthy loss of
weight
• People fear social situations and may
sometimes feel lonely
Cultural Factors
• Some cultures may place unrealistic
demands on weight and body size
• Thinness may be a key element of
attractiveness
• Western culture: striving for success
causes people to link self-esteem to
weight
Psychological Factors
• Perfectionism
• Need for control of everything in life,
especially the body
• Adolescents who feel overwhelmed
and powerless desire to control
something, and sometimes controlling
body weight comes first
Family Factors
• Overprotective families
• Some parents put more emphasis on
body image and physical appearance of
their children
– Limiting children’s access to food or
treats may cause children to overeat
when they aren’t hungry. This can set a
stage for an eating disorder.
The Media
• Majority of celebrities that adolescents see
•
•
on television are thin beautiful, happy
people.
Many advertisements say “You are not
acceptable the way you are, but if you but
this product you will be happy”
Fashion magazines are filled with superskinny models and weight loss advice.
Fad Diets
• Liquid Protein Shakes
• Low Carbohydrate Diets
• Diet Pills
Risky Behaviors
• Self Starvation
• Binging and Purging
Weight Cycling
• Focus on Lifestyle Changes
•Anorexia Nervosa
•Bulimia Nervosa
•Binge Eating Disorder
•Adonis Complex
Anorexia Nervosa
Defined as the relentless pursuit of thinness.
• Weighs 85% less than what is expected of their
height
• Young girls that do not menstruate appropriately
• Discontinuing or slow onset of puberty
• Terrified of becoming fat
• Compulsive rituals and strange eating habits
Bulimia Nervosa
Identified as being a disorder that
consist of dieting, binging, and purging.
•Persons who diets and then binge eats after
becoming hungry
• Feels out of control while eating
• Tries to “undo” binge by vomiting, laxatives,
exercise or fasting
•Weight may be normal to slightly below normal
Binge Eating Disorder
Defined as being a person who frequently
consumes large amounts of food.
•Feels out of control and cannot stop
eating
• May eat rapidly or secretly
• Feels guilty or ashamed of binge eating
• Has a history of diet failures
• Tends to be depressed or obese
Adonis Complex
Defined as simply being a disorder that
involves male body image concerns.
•Use of Anabolic Steroids or Dietary supplements
•Sole purpose is improving appearance
• Rapid fluctuations of weight
• Preoccupation with a model appearance
• May show symptoms of Binge Eating Disorder,
Anorexia Nervosa, and Bulimia Nervosa.
Overcoming the Odds
•Signs
•Symptoms
•Treatment
Signs Anorexia Nervosa
• Dramatic Weight Loss
• Preoccupation with weight, food,
calories, fat grams, dieting
• Consistent avoidance of mealtimes
• Withdrawal from friends
• Pronounced emotional changes
• Wearing over-sized clothing
Signs of Bulimia Nervosa
• Disappearance of large amounts of
•
•
•
•
•
•
food
Frequent trips to bathroom after
eating
Unusual swelling of cheeks or jaw area
Calluses and scars on back of hands
and knuckles
Discolored or stained teeth
Withdrawal from friends
Rigid exercise regimen
Signs of Binge Eating
Disorder
• Eat a large quantity of food, until
•
•
•
•
•
uncomfortably full
Eat quickly
Unable to control what or how much they
are eating
Low self-esteem
Obsessed about food and body image
Gain and lose weight often
Signs of Adonis Complex
• Excessive Exercise
• A preoccupation with a model
appearance
• Dangerous techniques
• Depressed feelings
• Need to constantly reassured that he
looks good
Symptoms of Anorexia Nervosa
• Intense fear of gaining weight or being
•
•
•
•
•
•
fat
Loss of menstrual periods
Indifference to excessive weight loss
Dizziness, blackouts, difficulty
concentrating
Trouble sleeping
Pain when sitting down
Disturbance in body image
Symptoms of Bulimia Nervosa
• Irregular heartbeats, possibly heart failure
•
•
•
•
•
and death
Potential for gastric rupture
Inflammation and possible rupture of
esophagus
Tooth decay and staining
Chronic irregular bowel movement and
constipation
Peptic ulcers and pancreatitis
Symptoms Binge Eating
Disorder
• Shortness of Breathe
• Decreased Mobility
• Depression or Anxiety
• Strain on relationships due to keeping
eating activities a secret
• Feeling Powerless
• Avoidance from activities
Symptoms of Adonis Complex
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Strong need to be in control
Perfectionism
Avoids conflict, tries to “keep the peace”
Feeling of worthlessness
Social isolation
Depression
Moodiness and Irritability
Treatment for Disordered
Eating
• Comprehensive Assessment
•
•
•
•
-Physical Exam
-Nutritional Counseling
-Psychiatric Evaluation
Coordinated Care Plan
Psychotherapy
Inpatient Treatment or Hospitalization
Medication
What to do if someone close to
you has an eating disorder..
• Set a time to talk
• Communicate your concerns
• Ask your friend to explore these
•
•
•
•
concerns
Avoid conflicts or a battle of the wills
Avoid placing shame, blame, or guilt
Avoid giving simple solutions
Express your continued support
•Positively
•Negatively
Positives
• The Dove advertisements that express
beauty in ever age, color, and size
• Healthy dieting such as, following the food
guide pyramid
• Weight loss television shows that help
contestants lose weight in a healthy way
Negatives
• Idealization of thinness
• “You’ re not good enough unless you
are thin”
• Very thin and beautiful celebrities in
magazines
• Very thin models
• Demonizing those who don’t wear a
size 6
Did you know?
Average Size of an
American Women
Height: 5ft. 3.5 in.
Weight: 143 lbs
Chest: 35.9 in.
Waist: 29 in.
Hip: 39 in.
Average size of a
supermodel
Height: 5ft. 9 in.
Weight: 110-115 lbs
Chest: 33 in.
Waist: 23 in.
Hip: 33in.