Transcript Abnormal Psychology Clinical Perspectives on Psychological

Somatoform Disorders,
Psychological Factors
Affecting Medical
Conditions, and
Dissociative Disorders
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SOMATOFORM DISORDERS
soma = “body” in Greek
A wide variety of conditions in which
psychological conflicts are translated into
physical problems or complaints.
 Impair functioning, ________________.
 ___________________________.
 Won’t be indicated on physical or
neurological tests.

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_________________:
A somatoform disorder involving
the translation of unacceptable
drives or troubling conflicts into
physical symptoms.
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CONVERSION DISORDER
Four categories of symptoms:





Motor symptoms or deficits.
Sensory symptoms or deficits.
_______________________.
Mixed presentations.
____________________ – seem
unconcerned with symptoms
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___________________:
A somatoform disorder involving
the expression of psychological
issues through bodily problems
that have no basis in
physiological function.
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SOMATIZATION DISORDER
May be exaggerating a real physical
condition.
 Not deliberately “faking.”
 __________________.
 Do not voluntarily seek ____________
.

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Pain Disorder:
A somatoform disorder
in which the only
symptom is
_____________________
_____________________
______________
Related to
somatization
disorder is pain
disorder.
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Body Dysmorphic Disorder:

Somatoform disorder in which people
are preoccupied, almost to the point of
being delusional,
________________________________
_______________________.
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BODY DYSMORPHIC DISORDER

Gender based concerns.
 Men - Body build, genitals, hair.
 Women - Weight, breast size or shape,
facial features, scars, aging.
The “defects” are
______________________________.
 Obsessed with looking at it, thinking
about it, concealing it.

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Hypochondriasis:
Somatoform disorder characterized
by the misinterpretation of normal
bodily functions as
__________________________.
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HYPOCHONDRIASIS
_____________ with perceived
abnormal functioning.
 Distress that medical tests do not
confirm their fears.
 Many also suffer __________________.
 Unlike somatization or conversion
disorder, there is no abnormal bodily
function or medical symptoms.

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RELATED CONDITIONS
These conditions and behaviors also involve a
focus on the body, but are not somatoform
disorders because the individuals know they are
not really ill.
MALINGERING (__________________)
 ______________ DISORDER (inner need
to maintain sick role)

 MUNCHAUSEN’S SYNDROME
 FACTITIOUS (or MUNCHAUSEN’S) BY
PROXY
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THEORIES OF SOMATOFORM
DISORDERS

MOTIVATIONS FOR ILLNESS
 Primary gain
 Secondary gain

INTEGRATIVE EXPLANATION
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TREATMENT OF SOMATOFORM
DISORDERS
Explore _____________________.
 _____________________.
 Provide behavioral techniques to control
symptoms.

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Dissociative
Disorders
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DISSOCIATIVE IDENTITY
DISORDER
Dissociative identity disorder:
A dissociative disorder, formerly called
multiple personality disorder, in which
an individual develops more than one
self or personality.
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DISSOCIATIVE IDENTITY
DISORDER




Alters
_____________________
Host
________________
The disorder is highly controversial.
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Dissociative Identity Disorder

“__________” usually sudden and may be
dramatic
 _________________ relationships – have no
awareness of one another
 Mutually cognizant patterns – each is well aware
of the rest
 One-way amnesic relationships – most common
pattern; some personalities are aware of others,
but the awareness is not mutual

Subpersonality differences: Vital statistics,
abilities and preferences, physiological response
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THEORIES OF DISSOCIATIVE
IDENTITY DISORDER
Highly Traumatic
Childhood Explanation
vs.
______________ Model
(enact roles demanded by a
situation)
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TREATMENT OF
DISSOCIATIVE IDENTITY
DISORDER

GOAL
 ________________.

METHODS
 Hypnotherapy
 Cognitive Behavioral Techniques
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DISSOCIATIVE AMNESIA

Unable to remember details and
experiences associated with
traumatic or stressful event
 Four forms:
 _____________ – all events during a
specified time
 Selective – some events are forgotten
 _______________ – can’t remember
anything at all
 Continuous – failure to recall events
from a certain event to the present time
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DISSOCIATIVE FUGUE
formerly called psychogenic fugue
Dissociative ________:
A dissociative disorder in which a
person, confused about personal
identity, suddenly and unexpectedly
travels to another place and is unable
to recall past history or identity.
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DEPERSONALIZATION
DISORDER
Depersonalization:
An altered experience of the self, ranging
from feeling that one's body is not
connected to one's mind to the feeling
that one is not real.
Depersonalization Disorder:
A dissociative disorder in which the
individual experiences recurrent and
persistent episodes of depersonalization.
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People who feign illness because they like
“being sick” are diagnosed with a ___
disorder.
A. factitious
 B. somatoform
 C. psychogenic
 D. psychophysiological

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A person who interprets minimal symptoms as signs
of serious physical problems and suffers significant
anxiety and depression as a result might be
diagnosed with a
A.
 B.
 C.
 D.

Conversion disorder
Somatoform pain disorder
Hysterical somatoform disorder
Preoccupation somatoform disorder
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