Transcript Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)

Bechtel First Response Training
Mental Health First Aid
An Overview of Common Disorders and
How to Respond
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Safety is Our Value
“We measure safety performance by
the number of incidents.
But let’s be clear…
it’s really not about incident rates…
it’s about people.
People who have faces, names,
families, hopes, and dreams.”
-Riley Bechtel
August 15, 2001
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 2
Mental Health First Aid: Enabling Learning Objectives
 Mental Health defined
 Overview of Mental Disorders
 Anxiety Disorders
 Depression
 Stigmatization
 Stress reduction and mental wellness
 Mental Health First Aid
 Employee Assistance Program
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 3
Health Defined
"Health is a state of complete physical,
mental and social well-being and not
merely the absence of disease or
infirmity."
World Health Organization (WHO) 1948
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 4
Mental Health Defined
As defined by the 1999
Surgeon General's Report on
Mental Health,
"successful performance of mental
function, resulting in productive
activities, fulfilling relationships with
other people, and the ability to adapt
to change and cope with adversity."
n
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 5
Mental health affects our physical and social health
 Psychological stress has been
shown to increase the risk of
disease and chronic illness
 Body's ability to fight infection is
reduced with continuous
exposure to a stressful
environment
 Can cause withdrawal from
social activities, interpersonal
problems, even homelessness
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 6
Mental Disorders Defined
Health conditions
characterized by alterations
in thinking, mood, or behavior
(or some combination
thereof) associated with
distress and/or impaired
functioning
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 7
Mental Disorders – An Overview
 Autism Spectrum Disorders
 Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
(ADHD)
 Bipolar Disorder
 Borderline Personality Disorder
 Dissociative Disorders
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 8
Mental Disorders – An Overview (continued)
 Dual Diagnosis and Integrated
Treatment of Mental Illness &
Substance Abuse Disorder
 Eating Disorders
 Major Depression
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 9
Mental Disorders – An Overview (continued)
 Schizoaffective Disorder
 Schizophrenia
 Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
 Tourette’s Syndrome
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 10
Common Signs of Acute Anxiety
 Feelings of fear or dread
 Trembling, restlessness, and
muscle tension
 Rapid heart rate
 Lightheadedness or dizziness
 Perspiration
 Cold hands/feet
 Shortness of breath
Since caffeine, certain illicit drugs, and even some over-the-counter cold medications
can aggravate the symptoms of anxiety, they should be avoided.
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 11
Anxiety Disorders





Panic Disorder
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Phobias, such as Social Phobia (Social Anxiety Disorder)
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 12
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
 PTSD is an anxiety disorder that can
occur after experiencing a traumatic
event
 Symptoms of PTSD include reliving
the event, avoiding places or things
that remind of the event, feeling
numb, and hyperarousal
 PTSD symptoms usually start soon
after the traumatic event, but they
may not happen until months or
years later; they also may come and
go over many years
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 13
Depression
Dysthymia
 long-term, chronic symptoms that do
not disable, but keep one from
functioning well or from feeling well
Major depression
 a combination of symptoms that
interfere with the ability to work,
study, sleep, eat, and enjoy
once-pleasurable activities
Bipolar disorder
 cycling mood changes:
severe highs (mania) and
lows (depression)
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 14
Causes of Depression
Genetics
 Brain structure or function
Physical changes








Stroke
Heart Attack
Cancer
Parkinson’s
Hormonal disorders/changes
Environment
Work
Home
Life events
 Loss
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 15
Symptoms Commonly Associated
with Major Depression
 Persistent sadness or despair
 Insomnia
 Decreased appetite
 Psychomotor retardation
 Inability to experience pleasure
(Anhedonia)
 Irritability
 Apathy, poor motivation, social
withdrawal
 Hopelessness
 Poor self-esteem, feelings of
helplessness
 Suicidal ideation
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 16
Depression in Women
Hormonal factors
– menstrual cycle changes
– pregnancy
– miscarriage
– postpartum period
– pre-menopause
– menopause
Other stresses
– responsibilities both at work and home
– single parenthood
– caring for children and for aging parents
Diagnosed twice as often in women than men.
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 17
Depression in Men

Less likely to admit to depression,
less likely to be diagnosed

Often masked by alcohol or drugs, or
by working excessively long hours

Depression typically shows up as
being irritable, angry, and
discouraged

Rate of suicide in men is 4 times
that of women, though more women
attempt

Higher rate of heart disease deaths
associated with depression
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 18
Stigma
Stigma leads others to avoid living, socializing or
working with, renting to, or employing people with
mental disorders, especially severe disorders such
as schizophrenia.
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 19
Stigmatization
 1999 witnessed the first White House
Conference on Mental Health and the first
Secretarial Initiative on Mental Health
prepared under the aegis of the Department
of Health and Human Services
 Stigma surrounding the receipt of mental
health treatment is among the many barriers
that discourage people from seeking
treatment
 Nearly two-thirds of all people with
diagnosable mental disorders do not seek
treatment
 Concern about stigma appears to be
heightened in rural areas in relation to larger
towns or cities
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 20
Grading the States
Mental health care in America is in crisis. The nation’s
mental health care system gets a dismal D.
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 21
Stressful Life Events
 Disruption of balance can result in
distress and dysfunction
 Certain common events create
mental health problems, although not
necessarily disorders
 Severe or life-threatening trauma can
provoke emotional and behavioral
reactions that jeopardize mental
health
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 22
Stress Prevention
 Become aware of what true needs are
and how to meet them
 Be grateful
 Resist being exploited or manipulated
by others
 Clarify values, ambitions and social
boundaries
 Become aware of physical limitations
 Cultivate a positive, optimistic and
emotionally resilient attitude
 Help others; good deeds increase
happiness
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 23
Mind your Mental Health
 Talk about your feelings
 Keep active
 Eat well
 Drink sensibly
 Keep in touch with loved ones
 Ask for help
 Take a break
 Do something you’re good at
 Accept who you are
 Care for others
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 24
Eat Well for Mental Well-being
 Keep blood sugar steady
 Make fresh fruits and vegetables a
central part of your healthy diet
 Don't follow extreme low fat diets
 Don't follow any diet where you cut out
an entire food group, such as the Atkins
diet
 Limit your consumption of coffee and
other caffeinated beverages
 Get at least 20 minutes of exercise daily
 If feeling low, eat food containing
tryptophan, such poultry or milk
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 25
Know Yourself for a Healthier You
"Recovery means learning to live your life successfully with a mental illness.
It is a journey, not a destination."
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 26
Mental Health First Aid
Contact the Occupational Health Registered Nurse
 Assess risk of suicide or harm
– Suicide hotline 800.273.TALK
 Listen non-judgmentally
 Give reassurance and information
 Encourage the person to get appropriate
professional help
– Employee Assistance Program
800.420.BEAP
– 7 days a week, 24 hours a day
 Encourage self–help and other support
strategies from peers, family members, and
friends
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 27
Bechtel Employee Assistance Program (BEAP)
 Bechtel’s EAP is a free counseling
service designed to help Bechtel
employees and their household
members with personal problems.
 The EAP is completely confidential.
All meetings and discussions with EAP
counselors are held in the strictest of
confidence.
 Consultants are licensed, master’slevel clinicians with an average of 15
years of clinical experience.
 800.420.BEAP
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 28
Get help through Bechtel’s EAP
 Marital / relationship issues
 Parenting issues
 Depression
 Stress and anxiety
 Grief and loss
 Financial and legal concerns
 Drug and alcohol concerns
 Anger management
 Work-related issues
 And many more life issues
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 29
BEAP on BecWeb
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 30
BEAP Website (Magellan Health Services)
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 31
BEAP Website (Magellan Health Services)
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 32
BEAP Website Features (Magellan Health)
https://www.magellanassist.com/default.aspx
 Clinic locations and counselor contact info
 Resource information on a wide variety topics
 Self-help information
 Release forms for employee referrals
 Information on local community resources
 Links to interactive online assessments and
screenings
 Many other valuable resources
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 33
Self Assessment through BEAP
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 34
Mental Health First Aid Review Questions
1. What is health?
“Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social
well-being and not merely the absence of disease or
infirmity."
2. Name three ways you can look after your own
mental health.
Talk about your feelings, Keep active, Eat well, Drink
sensibly, Keep in touch with loved ones, Ask for help, Take a
break, Do something you’re good at, Accept who you are,
Care for others
3. What is the mental health first aid mnemonic?
ALGEE – Assess, Listen, Give reassurance,
Encourage professional help, Encourage selfhelp strategies
4. Who benefits from BEAP and how is it
accessed?
Free to Bechtel employees and their household members,
available by calling 800.420.BEAP (2327) or through the
BecWeb
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 35
We value your Safety and Health
Questions?
Speak with your
Occupational Health Nurse
Melanie Rivet RN x6293
or
Safety Professional
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 36
Learn More about Mental Health First Aid
 Centers for Disease Control
http://www.CDC.gov
 Mental Health America
http://www.nmha.org
 National Alliance on Mental Illness
http://www.NAMI.org
 National Institute of Mental Health
http://www.nimh.nih.gov/index.shtml
 World Health Organization
http://www.who.int/mental_health/en
Bechtel Environmental, Safety, and Health (BESH)
Slide 37