Transcript Hormones and the Endocrine System - jj-sct

CAMPBELL
BIOLOGY
TENTH
EDITION
Reece • Urry • Cain • Wasserman • Minorsky • Jackson
45
Hormones and the
Endocrine System
Clicker Questions by
Lisa M. Flick, Ph.D.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
What type of signaling is involved if the target receptor
is located on the same cell that produced the hormone?
a) paracrine
b) autocrine
c) neuroendocrine
d) exocrine
e) synaptic
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
What type of signaling is involved if the target receptor
is located on the same cell that produced the hormone?
a) paracrine
b) autocrine
c) neuroendocrine
d) exocrine
e) synaptic
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Where are the receptors for lipid-soluble hormones
located?
a) on the plasma membrane of the target cell
b) in the nucleus of the target cell
c) in the cytoplasm of the target cell
d) in the blood plasma
e) all of the above
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Where are the receptors for lipid-soluble hormones
located?
a) on the plasma membrane of the target cell
b) in the nucleus of the target cell
c) in the cytoplasm of the target cell
d) in the blood plasma
e) all of the above
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Hormone pathways involved in maintaining
homeostasis (such as the secretin pathway in the
digestive tract) are often characterized by which of
the following?
a) negative feedback
b) positive feedback
c) local regulators such as prostaglandins
d) multiple types of receptors
e) G-protein-coupled receptors
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Hormone pathways involved in maintaining
homeostasis (such as the secretin pathway in the
digestive tract) are often characterized by which of
the following?
a) negative feedback
b) positive feedback
c) local regulators such as prostaglandins
d) multiple types of receptors
e) G-protein-coupled receptors
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following statements about diabetes
mellitus is correct?
a) It is characterized by large volumes of dilute urine.
b) It results when the body produces too much
glucagon.
c) Type II diabetes requires insulin replacement
therapy.
d) Type II diabetes is an autoimmune disorder.
e) Type I diabetes features high blood glucose
levels due to insufficient insulin production.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following statements about diabetes
mellitus is correct?
a) It is characterized by large volumes of dilute urine.
b) It results when the body produces too much
glucagon.
c) Type II diabetes requires insulin replacement
therapy.
d) Type II diabetes is an autoimmune disorder.
e) Type I diabetes features high blood glucose
levels due to insufficient insulin production.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
In human hormone cascades, what is the correct sequence
in which these structures become involved, starting with the
organ at the beginning of the cascade? (NOTE: Not all
organs listed are included in all options.)
1. nonendocrine target
2. anterior pituitary gland
3. posterior pituitary gland
a) 2, 3, 5, 1, 4
b) 2, 4, 3, 1, 5
c) 4, 2, 3, 5, 1
d) 4, 3, 5, 1
e) 4, 2, 5, 1
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
4. hypothalamus
5. specific endocrine gland
In human hormone cascades, what is the correct sequence
in which these structures become involved, starting with the
organ at the beginning of the cascade? (NOTE: Not all
organs listed are included in all options.)
1. nonendocrine target
2. anterior pituitary gland
3. posterior pituitary gland
a) 2, 3, 5, 1, 4
b) 2, 4, 3, 1, 5
c) 4, 2, 3, 5, 1
d) 4, 3, 5, 1
e) 4, 2, 5, 1
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
4. hypothalamus
5. specific endocrine gland
Men who overuse synthetic testosterone (as in anabolic
steroids) may experience testicular atrophy, reduced
sperm count, and low levels of circulating FSH. The
physiological explanation for these observations is
a) that synthetic testosterone is not as effective as
natural testosterone.
b) negative feedback.
c) positive feedback.
d) that such men have inadequate numbers of FSH
receptors.
e) that such men have inadequate numbers of
testosterone receptors.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Men who overuse synthetic testosterone (as in anabolic
steroids) may experience testicular atrophy, reduced
sperm count, and low levels of circulating FSH. The
physiological explanation for these observations is
a) that synthetic testosterone is not as effective as
natural testosterone.
b) negative feedback.
c) positive feedback.
d) that such men have inadequate numbers of FSH
receptors.
e) that such men have inadequate numbers of
testosterone receptors.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following is not a product of the anterior
pituitary gland?
a) prolactin
b) thyroid stimulating hormone
c) thyrotropin-releasing hormone
d) luteinizing hormone
e) growth hormone
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following is not a product of the anterior
pituitary gland?
a) prolactin
b) thyroid stimulating hormone
c) thyrotropin-releasing hormone
d) luteinizing hormone
e) growth hormone
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
All of these statements about growth hormone are
correct except
a) absence may lead to pituitary dwarfism.
b) excess hormone in adults results in gigantism.
c) growth hormone is an antagonist of insulin.
d) one target is the liver.
e) acromegaly occurs in adults that overproduce
growth hormone.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
All of these statements about growth hormone are
correct except
a) absence may lead to pituitary dwarfism.
b) excess hormone in adults results in gigantism.
c) growth hormone is an antagonist of insulin.
d) one target is the liver.
e) acromegaly occurs in adults that overproduce
growth hormone.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which hormone is correctly paired with its function?
a) parathyroid hormone – lowers blood calcium
b) glucocorticoids – decrease blood glucose
c) norepinephrine – reduce heart rate
d) melatonin – promotes sleep
e) aldosterone – increases sodium excretion by
kidneys
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which hormone is correctly paired with its function?
a) parathyroid hormone – lowers blood calcium
b) glucocorticoids – decrease blood glucose
c) norepinephrine – reduce heart rate
d) melatonin – promotes sleep
e) aldosterone – increases sodium excretion by
kidneys
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
How would a decrease in the number of corticosteroid
receptors in the hypothalamus affect levels of
corticosteroids in the blood?
a) Blood levels will decline due to negative feedback.
b) Blood levels will not change because there are no
receptors to respond to corticosteroids.
c) Blood levels will rise due to positive feedback.
d) Blood levels will rise because the hypothalamus
can no longer sense excess hormone and shut
down the pathway.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
How would a decrease in the number of corticosteroid
receptors in the hypothalamus affect levels of
corticosteroids in the blood?
a) Blood levels will decline due to negative feedback.
b) Blood levels will not change because there are no
receptors to respond to corticosteroids.
c) Blood levels will rise due to positive feedback.
d) Blood levels will rise because the hypothalamus
can no longer sense excess hormone and shut
down the pathway.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Scientific Skills Questions
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
This graph shows the change in mass of two young
mice from the same litter over time. One of the two
mice was injected with a substance secreted by an
endocrine gland. Which mouse was injected?
a) mouse I
b) mouse II
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
This graph shows the change in mass of two young
mice from the same litter over time. One of the two
mice was injected with a substance secreted by an
endocrine gland. Which mouse was injected?
a) mouse I
b) mouse II
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
This graph shows the change in mass of two young
mice from the same litter over time. One of the two
mice was injected with a substance secreted by an
endocrine gland. Which gland secretes the substance
that was injected?
a) adrenal gland
b) pancreas
c) thyroid gland
d) anterior pituitary
e) testes
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
This graph shows the change in mass of two young
mice from the same litter over time. One of the two
mice was injected with a substance secreted by an
endocrine gland. Which gland secretes the substance
that was injected?
a) adrenal gland
b) pancreas
c) thyroid gland
d) anterior pituitary
e) testes
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
This graph shows the change in mass of two young
mice from the same litter over time. One of the two
mice was injected with a substance secreted by an
endocrine gland. What hormone was injected?
a) ACTH
b) calcitonin
c) testosterone
d) thyroxine
e) growth hormone
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
This graph shows the change in mass of two young
mice from the same litter over time. One of the two
mice was injected with a substance secreted by an
endocrine gland. What hormone was injected?
a) ACTH
b) calcitonin
c) testosterone
d) thyroxine
e) growth hormone
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.