Transcript 6 groups of Algae

6 groups of Algae
***FOR YOUR BOOKLET:
You will need to find more information and
examples, and a picture representation of
each to further study/understand the
types…
This is just an introductory to each type.
Euglenophytes –
1. Euglenophytes –
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Example – Euglena
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unicellular (microscopic); typically live in fresh water
around the world
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plantlike protists that have two flagella like Pyrrophytes
and no cell wall.
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found in fresh water ponds, ditches, streams, lakes, where
there is a lot of organic materials (cow pastures, hog lots,
chicken farms)
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has chlorophyll, can photosynthesize if
sunlight present.
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Uses its photosensitive red eyespot to locate sun.
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Also, eats other organisms.
* Therefore, it is both autotrophic and heterotrophic.
Chlorophytes
2.
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Chlorophytes - Green algae
Resemble plants the most
– Examples – Sea lettuce (salt water)
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Chlamydomonas
http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=+chlam
ydomonas++&submit=Submit
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found in stagnant water and on damp soil, in
freshwater, seawater, and even in snow known as
"snow algae"
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both single & multicellular
Chrysophytes
3.
Chrysophytes - Golden algae
* Examples – Diatoms
* one of the most abundant unicellular algae in the ocean
*considered helpful to humans
* unicellular (microscopic)
* found in mostly salt water
* one of the biggest components of plankton, which is a a free
floating collection of microorganisms, eggs, and larvae
* cell wall composed of silica (glass)
* hollow, hard/porous shell called a frustule
* store food in form of oil instead of starch
float at surface because of this
* Able to photosynthesize at surface
• Diatomaceous earth (D.E. diatomites) – naturally occurring, soft,
siliceous sedimentary rock that is easily crumbled into a fine white to
off-white powder
• left over frustulas,used in toothpaste and cleansers
Phaeophytes
4.
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Phaeophytes - Brown Algae
* Example – Kelp(can be food for humans), seaweed
multi-cellular; have a very strong base that anchors them
to the rocky sea floor to prevent them from being
washed out to sea
play an important role in marine environments, both as
food and for the habitats they form
all species live in salt water , normally in colder water
largest algae – 180-200 ft. long (otters play in them)
used as a smoothing agent in various soft foods
ice cream, pudding, baby food, etc.
also used in make-up, paint, shaving creams, etc.
look for terms – algin, guar gum, alginate, carrageen
Rhodophytes
5. Rhodophytes - Red algae, “Rhodo”means “rose”
• oldest groups of eukaryotic algae,[2] and
also one of the largest
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found typically in warmer waters; but can grow in deeper
waters
– Deepest growing algae 175 meters down,
• mostly multicellular, marine algae,
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Agar- used in medical field
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Ex. Is Iodine (found in body as a hormone called
thyroxin, can affect your thyroid glands), need to prevent
goiters,
• used in human consumption; Several species are important
in food crops & are high in vitamins and protein and are
easily grown; & can be eaten raw, roasted, boiled, fried or
dried as a relish.
Pyrrophytes/Dinoflagellates
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•Pyrrophytes – Fire algae ( glow)
– Ex. Dinoflagellates – spin like tops in water
• unicellular, photosynthetic, and mostly aquatic; can
have 2 flagellas like Euglenophytes, which makes
them very identifiable.
• protective coats composed of stiff cellulose
• Red Tide producers …..waste products can kill
– species of dinoflagellates reproduce rapidly to form a
harmful algal bloom (HAB). Such pyrrophytes can produce
toxins which may injure or kill wildlife, and additionally any
consumers of contaminated wildlife.