Transcript TOPIC: Regulation AIM: What are the parts of the Endocrine System

TOPIC: Regulation
Aim: Explain the function the different
endocrine glands.
Do Now:
1. Take out endocrine system reading notes
and Neuron ISN.
2. Complete your root word organizer for THE
TERM EXTRACELLULAR.
HW: Reflex Arc ISN
Bring your textbook to class tomorrow!!!
Describe how an impulse travels through a
synapse. CHOOSE ONE of the options below.
Write/draw your answer on the next page.
1. Write a paragraph of at least 5 sentences about
how an impulse travels across a synapse. Be sure to
include the following terms: terminal branches,
electric impulse, neurotransmitter, synapse,
receptors, dendrites.
2. Draw a diagram that shows how an impulse
travels across a synapse. Label the following
structures in your diagram: terminal branches,
neurotransmitters, synapse, receptors,
dendrites.
Terminal branch
Receptor
Dendrite
Endocrine Glands
1. Identify • Nervous and endocrine
the body’s systems
control
Similarities:
• Both regulate the body
systems.
• Messages are sent throughout the body
Differences:
• Endocrine sends chemical messages
while nervous sends electrical
messages
• Blood carries endocrine messages while
nervous messages are carried by
neurons
• Endocrine responses have longer
duration that nervous responses
2. Identify • Hormones
the
chemicals
released by
endocrine
glands.
3. Describe • Speed up or slow down
the function certain cellular
of
processes
hormones.
4. How are • Carried by the blood
hormones
transported
throughout
the body?
1. Identify the chemical released by endocrine
glands.
2. Identify the substance released by salivary
glands. Is this substance a hormone?
3. Identify the structure that releases bile.
4. Is bile a hormone?
5. How is bile transported to the gall bladder and
small intestine?
• Exocrine glands
• Release secretions into DUCTS to be
transported to different parts of the body
• Can you identify some exocrine glands?
5. Identify
where the
pituitary
gland is
located.
• Attached to the
hypothalamus of the
brain.
6. Describe • Produces hormones that
the overall
affect a wide range of
function of
body activities
the pituitary
gland.
• Formerly
known as
the
MASTER
GLAND
7.
Describe
the
functions
of some of
the
hormones
released
by the
pituitary
gland.
a. Growth hormone:
regulates growth (bones,
muscles, tissues)
Verne Troyer, 30,
describes himself as a
"little person or dwarf,"
is 2 feet, 8 inches tall.
14-year old Khagendra Thapa
Magar shown in the picture
with another boy is only 50
centimetres (20 inches) tall
and has been submitted to the
Guinness world record as the
world's smallest person. The
previous world record holder
was a Jordanian boy at 25.5
inches tall. Weighing only 4.5
kilograms, he is shown in
exhibitions to collect fund for
his education.
Gul Mohammed (February 15, 1957
– October 1, 1997) of New Delhi,
India, according to The Guinness
Book of World Records, was the
shortest adult human being whose
existence and height have been
independently verified.
On July 19, 1990, he was examined
by Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital,
New Delhi, India and he stood 1 foot
10.5 inches (57 cm) tall and weighed
37.5 lbs (17.0 kg). He died on October
1, 1997, from respiratory
complications and after a long
struggle with asthma and bronchitis,
acquired due to heavy smoking.
Jyoti Amge (born December
16, 1993), a resident of Nagpur,
India, is currently the world's
smallest girl according to the
Limca Book of Records. She
has a growth anomaly, that has
restricted her height to
23 inches (58 cm), and her
weight to 11 pounds (5.25 kg).
Robert Pershing Wadlow
(February 22, 1918 – July 15,
1940) was a man who, to this day,
is the tallest person in medical
history for whom there is irrefutable
evidence. He is often known as the
"Alton Giant" because of his Alton,
Illinois hometown. Robert Wadlow
reached 8 feet 11.1 inches (272
cm) in height and weighed 490
pounds (220 kg) at his death. His
great size and his continued growth
in adulthood was due to an
abnormally high level of human
growth hormone. He showed no
indication of an end to his growth
even at the time of his death.
Robert Wadlow's size began
to take its toll: he required
leg braces to walk, and had
little feeling in his legs and
feet. Despite these
encounters, Robert Wadlow
was never confined to a
wheelchair.
On July 4, 1940, while
making a professional
appearance at the National
Forest Festival, a faulty
brace irritated his ankle,
causing a blister and
subsequent infection.
Doctors treated him with a
blood transfusion and
emergency surgery, but his
condition worsened and on
July 15, 1940, he died in his
sleep. He was 22.
Sandy Allen—the world's tallest
woman, according to Guinness
World Records—died on
Wednesday, August 13 in the
Indiana nursing home where she
lived. Allen was 53 years old and
stood seven feet, seven inches (2.3
meters) tall—a full inch taller than
Chinese basketball star Yao Ming.
As a child, Allen developed a tumor
in her pituitary gland. As a result of
the tumor, she developed
gigantism—her bones grew
excessively, causing, among other
things, her extraordinary height.
Although the cause of
Allen's death is unknown,
she suffered from diabetes,
frequent infections,
breathing difficulties and
kidney failure. She spent
much of her later years
confined to a wheelchair.
Acromegaly is a hormonal disorder that
develops when your pituitary gland produces too
much growth hormone during adulthood. When
this happens, your bones increase in size,
including those of your hands, feet and face.
Acromegaly usually affects middle-aged adults.
It is characterized by an enlarged face and
hands. As the face changes shape, the jaw may
protrude, the nose may enlarge, and the lips
may thicken
The most common symptoms experienced by
people with Acromegaly are (in this order):1
- Enlarged hands (88%)
- Enlarged feet (87%)
- Enlarged lips, nose or tongue (78%)
- Joint pain (72%)
- Prominent cheekbones, jaw, forehead (71%)
- Sleep apnea/snoring (69%)
- Perspiring (65%)
b. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH):
stimulates thyroid
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
and Leutinizing hormone (LH):
stimulate testes and ovaries
8. Where is the • In the brain
hypothalamus
found?
9. Describe the • Produces hormones
function of the that control the
hypothalamus.
pituitary
TOPIC: Regulation
Aim: Explain the function the different endocrine
glands.
Do Now: Take out the Reflex Arc ISN.
1. Why is the pituitary referred to as the master
gland?
2. Identify the structure that regulates the
pituitary gland.
HW: Bring your textbook to class tomorrow!!!
1.
motor neuron
effector
Z
2.
3.
interneuron
4.
5.
6.
W
receptor
Y
7.
sensory neuron
8.
Structure W represents the
start of the reflex arc. Identify
the name of this structure.
Identify the part of the reflex
arc that is a muscle.
Identify structure Y. Support
your answer.
Identify structure Z. Support
your answer.
Identify structure X. Support
your answer.
Identify the structure that
indicates that this is a
REFLEX arc.
Explain why a reflex arc is
faster than the path of an
impulse during a regular
response.
List the correct sequence of
structures in a reflex arc.
1. Identify the hormone
released by the
pituitary gland to
stimulate the thyroid
to produce thyroid
hormones.
2. Identify the hormone
released by
hypothalamus to
stimulate the pituitary
to produce TSH.
3. What causes the
hypothalamus to stop
producing TRH?
10. Identify the • Below the larynx
location of the
thyroid.
11. Describe
• Produces hormones
the function of that regulate
the thyroid
metabolic rate.
gland.
12. Identify the • Thyroxine
hormone
released by
the thyroid.
This X-ray shows how
an enlarged right lobe
of the thyroid has
moved the trachea to
the patient's left. The
trachea (outlined in
light yellow) should be
straight from the
mouth down to the
lungs, but in this
patient it is
compressed and
displaced far to the
left.
Graves disease: autoimmune disease that triggers the release
of levels of thyroid hormones.
13. Identify the • Attached to the back
location of the
surface of the
parathyroid
thyroid.
glands.
14. Describe
• Help regulate calcium
the function of levels in the body.
the
parathyroid
glands.
15. Identify the • Parathormone
hormone
• Parathyroid hormone
released by
the
parathyroid
glands.
16. Identify the • On top of each kidney
location of the
adrenal
glands.
17. Describe
• Play a critical role in
the function of helping your body
the adrenal
adapt to physical and
glands.
emotional stress
• Help stabilize blood
sugar levels
• Increases heart rate, blood
pressure, breathing rate,
sweating
18. Identify the • Adrenaline
hormone
(epinephrine)
released by
the adrenal
glands.
19. Identify the • Islets of Langerhans
tiny clusters of
endocrine
tissue found
on the
pancreas.
20. Describe
• Releases hormones
the function of that help control
the pancreas.
sugar levels in the
bloodstream
21. Identify the • Insulin: decreases
2 hormones
blood glucose level
released by
• Glucagon: increases
the pancreas
blood glucose level
and describe
their
functions.
22. Identify the • Estrogen and
2 hormones
progesterone
produced by
• Female gonads
the ovaries.
• Regulate the female
23. Describe
reproductive cycle
the function of
• Produce and maintain
the ovaries.
•
female sex characteristics
Produce eggs
24. Identify the • Testosterone
hormone
• Male gonads
produced by
the testes.
25. Describe
• Controls the
the function of
development and
the testes.
maintenance of male
sexual traits
• Production of sperm
Let’s summarize…
1. Explain how the pituitary gland is controlled.
2. Describe where the pituitary gland is located.
3. Describe some of the hormones secreted by the
pituitary gland.
4. Describe the function of the thyroid gland.
5. Identify the two hormones secreted by the
pancreas? Explain the function of these two
hormones.
6. Where are the adrenal glands located?
7. Explain he function of the hormone released by the
adrenal glands.
8. Explain the differences between the male and
female gonads.
Identify the gland
being described.
1. Produces thyroxine
2. Regulates calcium
levels in the blood
3. Is called the master
gland.
4. Controls the
pituitary gland
5. Secretes GH, TSH,
LH, and FSH
X
A B
A
Terminal branch
Neurotransmitters
B
Synapse E
C
D
Dendrite
Receptors
A
B
D
terminal
Fbranches
E
C
Sensory neuron
Receptor
Interneuron
Motor neuron
Effector